Ujwayele ukuzwa umuntu ekhuluma, kudingeka akhuphule ivolumu ye-TV, noma kufanele umcele njalo ukuthi "aphinde asho"? Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa kungaba buhlungu ngempela futhi kube yinkinga enkulu. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngenxa yentuthuko kwezokwelapha nobuchwepheshe, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha eziphumelelayo zalesi simo. Ngakho-ke, kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngokuthi ziyini lezi zindlela zokwelapha, ukuthi zisebenza kanjani, nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani ezikufanele.
Okokuqala, ake siqonde ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa.
Ngaphambi kokunquma ukuthi yiluphi ukwelashwa olukufanele, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi hlobo luni lokulahlekelwa ukuzwa onalo. Kalula nje, kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko.
- Ukulahlekelwa Yizindlebe Okubangela Umsindo: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho into endlebeni yangaphandle noma ephakathi ivimbela amaza omsindo ukuthi ahambe kahle aye endlebeni engaphakathi. Cabanga ngakho njengomgwaqo ovinjiwe.
- Ukulahlekelwa Yizinzwa : Lokhu kuqala ngobuthakathaka endlebeni engaphakathi, emsipheni wokuzwa othwala umsindo uye ebuchosheni, noma ebuchosheni uqobo. Yilapho amaza omsindo engenakubanjwa futhi ahlaziywe kahle.
- Ukulahlekelwa Yizindlebe Okuxubile: Njengoba igama lisho, lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezimbili ezishiwo ngenhla.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unesifo esinjani, ngokuqinisekile kunezindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza. Ngakho-ke asikho isizathu sokwesaba noma sokwesaba.
Izinsiza Zokuzwa Ezisuswayo
Lezi yizinto ezivame kakhulu nezijwayelekile. Zikhulisa imisindo yangaphandle futhi zenze izwakale kalula yindlebe yangaphakathi. Zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko.
- Izinsiza zokuzwa ze-analog: Lezi ziguqula umsindo ube yizimpawu zikagesi futhi zikhulise lezo zimpawu. Kuyinqubo elula, njengokuxhuma imakrofoni ku-amplifier nokuphakamisa ivolumu.
- Izinsiza zokuzwa zedijithali: Lezi ubuchwepheshe bamuva. Lapha, umsindo uguqulwa ube ikhodi yedijithali, ikhodi iyahlaziywa, futhi kukhethwa kuphela amaza okunzima ukuwazwa, akhuliswe ngokucacile, bese ebuyiselwa endlebeni yakho njengomsindo. Nakuba lokhu kubiza kancane kune-analog, ukucaca komsindo kanye nekhono lokuwulungisa njengoba kudingeka kukhulu kakhulu.
Zombili lezi zinhlobo ziza ngezitayela ezahlukene. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.
| Uhlobo lokusiza ukuzwa | Ubani ofanele futhi ocacile |
|---|---|
| Uhlobo lwangemuva kwendlebe (BTE) | Ifanele ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okuncane kuya kokukhulu. Igobolondo lepulasitiki ligqokwa ngemuva kwendlebe, futhi umsindo uqondiswa endlebeni ngesikhunta sendlebe. Lezi zinkulu kancane, kodwa zinamandla kakhulu. |
| Uhlobo lokulingana okuvulekile | Lezi zigqokwa ngemuva kwendlebe. Kodwa umsindo udlula ngepayipi elincane. Njengoba ukuvulwa kwendlebe kungavaliwe, indlebe ayizizwa "inamathele". Ngenxa yokuthi incane, ayibonakali kangako ngaphandle. |
| Uhlobo olusendlebeni (ITE) | Ifanele ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okuncane kuya kokukhulu. Zonke izingxenye zingena ngaphakathi kwendlebe yangaphandle, ngakho azibonakali kahle. Amanye amamodeli ane-coil yamagnetic ebizwa ngokuthi i-telecoil . Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukukhuluma ngocingo. Lezi azifanele izingane ezincane ezisakhula. |
| Uhlobo lwe-In-canal (ITC) | Ifanele ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okuncane kuya kokuphakathi. Incane ngokwanele ukungena ngaphakathi komsele wendlebe, ngakho-ke kuncane kakhulu okubonakalayo ngaphandle. Kodwa-ke, usayizi omncane ungenza kube nzima kwabanye abantu ukususa, ukufaka, nokuphatha. |
Amadivayisi Afakwe Ngokuhlinzwa
Kwezinye izimo, usizo lokuzwa oluvamile alwanele. Ezimweni ezinjalo, manje kungenzeka ukufaka amadivayisi ngokuhlinzwa endlebeni uqobo. Lokhu kudlidliza komsindo ngqo kungena kakhulu endlebeni engaphakathi.
Izimila zendlebe eziphakathi
Kulokhu, udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka ithuluzi elincane kwelinye lamathambo amancane endlebeni ephakathi. Lokhu kudlidliza ithambo ngqo, kuthumele isignali yomsindo enamandla endlebeni yangaphakathi. Lokhu kuyasiza kakhulu kubantu abanenkinga yokuzwa kwezinzwa. Njengoba lokhu kuyintuthuko yakamuva kwezobuchwepheshe, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nochwepheshe onolwazi ngalokhu .
Izinsiza zokuzwa ezisekelwe emathanjeni
Lokhu kufakwa ngokuhlinzwa ethanjeni lekhanda ngemuva kwendlebe. Lokhu kuvumela umsindo ukuthi udlidlize ngekhanda bese udluliselwa ngqo endlebeni engaphakathi. Ngokuvamile kunconywa lokhu okulandelayo:
- Kulabo abanenkinga yokuzwa endlebeni eyodwa kuphela (ukungezwa ohlangothini olulodwa).
- Kulabo abanenkinga ngesimo somsele wendlebe.
- Kulabo abanenkinga yokuzwa ehambisana nokuphefumula noma exubile ababhekana nokutheleleka kwezindlebe njalo.
Izimila ze-Cochlear
Cabanga ukuthi indlebe yangaphakathi yomunye umuntu yonakele kakhulu . Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inamandla kangakanani insiza yokuzwa , ngeke isebenze. Yilapho udokotela angase atuse khona i-cochlear implant.
Lokhu kudlula izingxenye zendlebe ezonakele ngokuphelele futhi kuqondise izimpawu zomsindo ngqo emthanjeni wokuzwa, othwala imiyalezo ebuchosheni.
Lobu ubuchwepheshe obumangalisayo ngempela. Le divayisi inemakrofoni ebekwe ngemuva kwendlebe kanye ne-transmitter efakwa ngokuhlinzwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Ulwazi lomsindo luthunyelwa endlebeni yangaphakathi ngama-electrode. Lokhu kuvumela abantu abadala abayizithulu, kanye nezingane ezinenkinga enkulu yokuzwa, ukuthuthukisa amakhono okukhuluma nolimi angcono. Kodwa khumbula, kuthatha isikhathi nokuqeqeshwa ukuze ubuchopho bujwayele izimpawu ezivela kule divayisi.
Ngakho-ke, nginquma kanjani ukuthi yini engifanelayo?
Lona umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Lesi sihloko siwukukunikeza ulwazi olujwayelekile ngalokhu. Ungalokothi uzinqumele ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele.
Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela wendlebe , ikhala, nomphimbo (udokotela ohlinzayo we-ENT ).Uzokuhlola, enze izivivinyo zokuzwa uma kudingeka, bese enquma uhlobo kanye nobukhulu bokulahlekelwa kwakho ukuzwa. Ngemuva kwalokho, ecabangela indlela yakho yokuphila, izidingo, kanye nesabelomali, uzochaza indlela yokwelapha efaneleka kakhulu futhi ephumelelayo kuwe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa kuyisimo esinezimbangela nezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene, ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwaso kuyahlukahluka.
- Kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu ezitholakalayo namuhla, kusukela ezinsizeni zokuzwa ezisuswayo kuya kumadivayisi afakwe ngokuhlinzwa.
- Ukwelashwa okufanele kuncike ohlotsheni lokulahlekelwa ukuzwa onalo, ubunzima balo, kanye nezincomo zikadokotela wakho.
- Ungenzi izinqumo ngokusekelwe kulokho okufundayo ku-inthanethi noma kulokho abanye abakubonile. Qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela we-ENT ukuze uthole iseluleko.
- Ngenxa yobuchwepheshe besimanje, abantu abaningi abanenkinga yokuzwa bangaphinde bakwazi ukuzwa kahle namuhla. Ngakho-ke ungalilahli ithemba.
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