Ingabe wena noma othile omaziyo wake watshelwa udokotela ukuthi ingxenye yamaphaphu akho idinga ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa? Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukwesaba okukhulu nokukhathazeka lapho uzwa lawo mazwi. "Basusa ingxenye yamaphaphu ami? Ingabe ngizokwazi ukuphefumula ngemva kwalokho? Ingabe lokhu kuyingozi?" Cishe unemibuzo eminingi efana nale engqondweni yakho. Ungakhathazeki. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kuhlinzwa, okubizwa ngokuthi i-lobectomy, ngendlela elula kakhulu ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-lobectomy?
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-lobectomy ukususwa kwengxenye, noma "i-lobe," yamaphaphu akho. Ubuwazi ukuthi iphaphu lethu langakwesokudla linama-lobe amathathu kanti iphaphu lethu lasekhohlo linama-lobe amabili? Lokhu kuhlinzwa kususa i-lobe enesifo kuphela, kushiye i-lobe ephilile ingathintekile.
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa njengokwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu osesigabeni sokuqala. Kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kumdlavuza wamaphaphu ongewona amangqamuzana amancane . Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela angase anqume ukususa ingxenye kuphela yengxenye. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-segmentectomy .
| Izizathu eziyinhloko zokwenza i-lobectomy | |
|---|---|
| Izimo zomdlavuza | Ukususa umdlavuza wamaphaphu (ikakhulukazi esigabeni sokuqala), izimila ze-carcinoid zamaphaphu, kanye nezimila ezisakazeke emaphashini zisuka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. |
| Ukutheleleka kanye nomonakalo | Ukulungisa umonakalo ongenakulungiseka emaphashini obangelwa izinto ezifana nokutheleleka okukhulu (isib. isifo sofuba) noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe. |
| Izinkinga kusukela ekuzalweni | Ukulungisa amaphutha athile ayenzeka ngesikhathi kwakheka amaphaphu ngesikhathi sokuzalwa. |
| Ukopha | Uma kukhona ukopha okungalawuleki ngenxa yomonakalo emaphashini, leyo ngxenye ingadinga ukususwa. |
Yiziphi izindlela zokuhlinzwa?
Esikhathini esidlule, lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa lwalusenziwa ngokusika okukhulu esifubeni nokususa izimbambo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-thoracotomy . Kodwa manje, ngenxa yentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuhlinzwa okuningi kwenziwa kusetshenziswa izindlela ezingangenisi kakhulu . Kalula nje, lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngezimbobo ezimbalwa ezincane, ngaphandle kokusika okukhulu.
- I-VATS (Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Thoracoscopic Okusizwa Yividiyo): Lokhu kuhilela ukwenza izimbobo eziningana ezincane ohlangothini lwesifuba, ukufaka ikhamera encane ngeyodwa, nokufaka amathuluzi okuhlinza ngezinye izimbobo. Udokotela wenza ukuhlinzwa ngenkathi ebuka ingaphakathi lamaphaphu esikrinini esikhulu. Le ndlela ayidingi ukuphula noma ukuhambisa izimbambo.
- Amagundane (Robot-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery): Lokhu kufana kakhulu ne-VATS. Kodwa-ke, lapha udokotela ohlinzayo ulawula amathuluzi ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwezingalo zerobhothi. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kwenziwe ngobunono nangokunembile.
Lezi zindlela ezintsha zibangela ubuhlungu obuncane ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ukululama okusheshayo, kanye nokuhlala esibhedlela isikhathi esifushane.
Silungiselela kanjani lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njengoba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu, kuzokwenziwa izivivinyo eziningana kusengaphambili ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umzimba wakho usukulungele kangakanani. Ungesabi ngemva kokukubona lokhu. Konke lokhu kungenxa yokuphepha kwakho.
| Ukuhlolwa okwenziwayo | Ubonani kulokho? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa komzimba | Udokotela uzoqonda ngokuphelele isimo sakho sempilo jikelele. |
| Ukuskena Kwezithombe | Ama-X-ray esifubeni, ama-CT scan, kanye nama-PET scan asetshenziswa ukuthola indawo eqondile kanye nobukhulu benkinga yamaphaphu. |
| Ukuhlolwa Komsebenzi Wephaphu | Bazolinganisa ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani nokuthi uzokwazi yini ukuphefumula ngendlela evamile ngengxenye esele ngemva kokuhlinzwa. |
| Ukuhlolwa Kwenhliziyo | Kuzokwenziwa izivivinyo ezifana ne-ECG (electrocardiogram) kanye ne-echocardiogram ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ingakwazi yini ukumelana nokuhlinzwa okukhulu kangaka. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwebhayoloji | Ngezinye izikhathi, ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, kuthathwa isampula encane yesimila samaphaphu noma ama-lymph node aseduze ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi sinomdlavuza noma cha. |
Ngaphezu kwalezi zivivinyo, uzobona nodokotela wenhliziyo kanye nodokotela wezifo ezibulala izinzwa. Udokotela wezifo ezibulala izinzwa uzochaza i-anesthesia ozoyinikwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kanye nendlela yokuphatha ubuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Uma ubhema, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyeka ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Ukuyeka ukubhema kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yezinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Udokotela uzokutshela nokuthi yisiphi isikhathi okufanele uyeke ngaso ukudla nokuphuza ngobusuku obandulela ukuhlinzwa.
Kwenzekani ngempela ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Akudingeki ukhathazeke ngalokhu nhlobo. Uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukuhlinzwa, ngakho-ke uzobe ulele ngokuphelele. Ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu.
1. Ipayipi lifakwa emphinjeni wakho bese lixhunywe emshinini (i-ventilator) ukuze likusize uphefumule.
2. Ipayipi le-IV lizofakwa emthanjeni osengalweni yakho bese kunikezwa imithi edingekayo ngalo.
3. Udokotela ohlinzayo ube eseqala ukuhlinzwa ngokwenza izimbobo esifubeni esebenzisa indlela ye-VATS, RATS, noma i-Thoracotomy okuxoxwe ngayo ngaphambilini.
4. Imithambo yegazi namagatsha e-bronchial aholela engxenyeni yamaphaphu ethintekile ahlukaniswa ngokucophelela futhi ingxenye isuswe ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, imithambo yegazi namagatsha e-bronchial aholela kwezinye izingxenye ezinempilo awonakele.
5. Ingxenye esusiwe ifakwa esikhwameni esikhethekile bese ikhishwa emzimbeni.
6. Uma kungumdlavuza, ezinye izicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile zizosuswa. Amanye ama-lymph node esifubeni nawo azosuswa bese ethunyelwa ukuze ayohlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke yini.
7. Ngemva kokuthi konke sekuqediwe, hlola ngokucophelela noma yiziphi izindawo eziphuma igazi bese ugeza kahle futhi uhlanze ingaphakathi lesifuba.
8. Ekugcineni, izimbobo zivalwa ngezitishi noma ngezinduku zokuzibopha.
Ukuhlinzwa konke kuvame ukuthatha cishe amahora amabili, kodwa lokhu kungahluka kuye ngokuthi ukuhlinzwa kuyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa? Unganakekelwa kanjani esibhedlela
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzovuswa uyiswe egunjini lokululama, lapho uzonikezwa khona imithi yokulawula ubuhlungu bakho.
- Uma usuphapheme ngokuphelele, ipayipi lokuphefumula liyasuswa. Iningi labantu alikhumbuli nalokhu.
- Ngemuva kwalokho uzodluliselwa ewadini evamile noma ngezinye izikhathi egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU).
- Uzofakwa ipayipi elilodwa noma amabili (amapayipi esifuba) esifubeni sakho. Lawa akhipha uketshezi oluthe xaxa nomoya oqoqana emaphashini akho. Azosuswa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
- Ukukhwehlela nokuzivocavoca ngokuphefumula: Abahlengikazi bazokukhuthaza ukuthi ukhwehlele njalo futhi uphefumule ngokujulile. Nakuba lokhu kungaba buhlungu kancane, kubalulekile ukugcina amaphaphu akho evulekile futhi uvimbele ukutheleleka.
- Ukuze uvimbele ukujiya kwegazi emilenzeni yakho ngenkathi usembhedeni, ungathatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi futhi ugqoke amadivayisi akhethekile okucindezela emilenzeni yakho.
- Kusukela ngosuku olulandela ukuhlinzwa, kwadingeka ngiqale ukuhamba kancane kancane ngosizo lwabahlengikazi.
Ake sazi futhi ngezinzuzo nezingozi.
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezinzuzo kanye nezingozi ezithile.
Inzuzo eyinhloko:
Kumdlavuza wamaphaphu osesigabeni sokuqala, lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyithuba elihle kakhulu lokwelashwa okuphelele .
Izingozi ezingaba khona (Izinkinga):
Lokhu akwenzeki kuwo wonke umuntu, kodwa kubalulekile ukukuqaphela.
- I-Atrial fibrillation - Lena inkinga evame kakhulu.
- Ukopha ngokweqile.
- Ukuvuza komoya emaphashini okuhlala izinsuku eziningana.
- Amahlule egazi emilenzeni.
- Ukutheleleka esifubeni.
- Izinkinga ze-neurological (isb., ukushintsha kwezwi).
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokunciphisa lezi zingozi ukukhetha isibhedlela esinodokotela abangochwepheshe abenza lezi zinhlobo zokuhlinzwa njalo. Uma unenkinga ngalezi zingozi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngazo obala ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Indlela yokululama ngokushesha ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya?
Uma uke wahlinzwa usebenzisa indlela yesimanje efana ne-VATS noma i-RATS, uzokwazi ukuya ekhaya usuka esibhedlela ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu . Ubuhlungu buncane, ngakho isikhathi sokululama sishesha. Ngokuvamile ungabuyela emsebenzini olula, njengokusebenza ehhovisi, ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Uma unomsebenzi odinga ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo, kuzodingeka uphumule okungenani amasonto amane.
Uma uhlinzwe ngokuhlinzwa okuvulekile (thoracotomy), kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezine , futhi kuzothatha isikhathi eside ukululama.
Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya:
- Uzonikezwa imithi enamandla yokudambisa izinhlungu cishe isonto lonke.
- Kungaba kuhle uma kukhona umuntu ozokusiza ekuqaleni.
- Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukwelashwa nge-oxygen ekhaya isikhashana.
- Gwema ukushayela uze uthathe imithi yokudambisa izinhlungu.
- Uzoba ne-aphoyintimenti yokulandelela nodokotela wakho zingakapheli amasonto angu-1-3 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Angaxoxa ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwakho, ahlole amanxeba akho, futhi akunike iseluleko sokuthi ungaqhubeka kanjani.
Kunini lapho udinga ukukhuluma nodokotela?
Uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka, njengomkhuhlane, ukubanda, nokukhathala okukhulu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Eminye imibuzo embalwa ongase ube nayo engqondweni:
Ingabe lokhu ukuhlinzwa okukhulu?
Yebo , i-lobectomy iwukuhlinzwa okukhulu ngoba amaphaphu anemithambo yegazi ebucayi kakhulu futhi emikhulu. Ngakho-ke kukhona ingozi ethile.
Iyini isikhathi sokuphila ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kuncike ngokuphelele esigabeni somdlavuza. Lokhu kungatholakala embikweni we-pathology ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ezimweni eziningi, uma isusiwe ezigabeni zokuqala, ukwelashwa okuphelele kungatholakala.
Ingabe umdlavuza ungabuya?
Kukhona ithuba. Yingakho uqashwa nge-CT scans njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha iminyaka emihlanu ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Uma umdlavuza ungabuyi ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu, ubhekwa njengosuphulukisiwe ngokuphelele.
Ungase uzizwe sengathi ukhishwe inyumbazane noma usolwe ngumphakathi ngokuba nomdlavuza obangelwa ukubhema. Kuvamile ukuba naleyo mizwa, kodwa ungagxili kuyo. Udinga ukusebenzisa wonke amandla akho ukuze ululame ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukususwa kwe-lobe (i-lobe) yamaphaphu. Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu yomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
- Amasu esimanje afana ne-VATS nama-RATS manje abangela ubuhlungu obuncane ngemva kokuhlinzwa kanye nokululama okusheshayo.
- Izinto ezifana nokuyeka ukubhema ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa zinganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yezinkinga.
- Lokhu kuyindlela enkulu yokuhlinzwa, ngakho-ke zinike isikhathi sokululama ngokugcwele. Unganqikazi ukucela usizo emndenini nakubangani.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ngalokhu, qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa ngakho ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho. Ukwazi okusengqondweni yakho kuzobasiza ukuthi bahlele ukwelashwa kwakho.
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