Ingabe umdlavuza ovela kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho ungasakazekela ebuchosheni bakho? Ake sixoxe nge-Brain Metastases

Wake wazibuza ukuthi umdlavuza oqala engxenyeni ethile yomzimba ungasakazekela ebuchosheni? Ngezinye izikhathi uyasakazeka. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esisodwa esinjalo, okungukuthi umdlavuza osakazekela ebuchosheni, noma njengoba odokotela besibiza ngokuthi "i- Brain Metastases". Nakuba lesi kuyisihloko esibalulekile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu. Ngoba uma usheshe utholakale, kulapho amathuba okuba welashwe khona maningi.

Kuyini `(Brain Metastases)`? Ake sikuqonde kalula!

Kalula nje, ukuguga kobuchopho kwenzeka lapho umdlavuza owaqala kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho, njengamaphaphu akho, ibele, noma isikhumba (ikakhulukazi i-melanoma) - lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi isimila esiyinhloko - usakazekela ebuchosheni. Lapho la maseli omdlavuza eya ebuchosheni, akha isimila esisodwa noma ngaphezulu esisha lapho. Cabanga ngakho njengembewu yesitshalo ekhula kwenye indawo.

Lezi zimila zingathinta ukusebenza kwezingxenye ezahlukene zobuchopho. Izimpawu ozizwayo zincike ekutheni lezi zimila zikhula kuphi ebuchosheni.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Eqinisweni, lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesimila sobuchopho olubonakala kubantu abadala. Ochwepheshe bathi phakathi kuka-10% no-30% wabantu abanomdlavuza kwenye indawo emzimbeni bazosabalala umdlavuza wabo uye ebuchosheni ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yabo. Le ngozi ivame ukwanda ngemva kweminyaka engu-45, futhi lesi simo sivame ukutholakala kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-65.

Kodwa-ke, umdlavuza oqala ebuchosheni ngokwawo (umdlavuza wobuchopho oyinhloko) awuvamile kangako. Ngokuvamile, izimila eziqala ngaphakathi noma ebusweni bobuchopho azinawo umdlavuza (azinabungozi).

Yiziphi izimpawu ezingaba khona uma umdlavuza usakazekela ebuchosheni?

Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isimila sobuchopho sitholakala kuphi nokuthi sithinta kanjani ukusebenza kobuchopho. Kodwa-ke, kunezimpawu ezithile ezivamile:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu: Ngezinye izikhathi lingahambisana nesicanucanu nokuhlanza. Leli khanda elibuhlungu alifani nekhanda elibuhlungu elivamile, lingaba likhulu kancane futhi liqhubeke njalo.
• Ukuquleka: Ukulahlekelwa ingqondo ngokuzumayo kanye nokuquleka kungase kwenzeke.
• Ubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba: Umuzwa wokuba ndikindiki engalweni noma emlenzeni, noma ukungakwazi ukusebenzisa uhlangothi olulodwa kahle (hemiparesis).
• Ubunzima bokucabanga: izinto ezifana nokulahlekelwa inkumbulo yesikhashana, ukushintsha kwemizwelo.
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma noma ukuqonda: Amagama angaqondakali, kubonakala sengathi awukwazi ukuqonda okushiwoyo.
• Izinkinga zokubona: Ukubona okunciphile noma okufiphele, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini olulodwa.

Njengoba lesi simo "se-Brain Metastases" siqhubeka, ungase uqaphele izimpawu ezintsha:

• Ubunzima bokuzwa, ukugwinya, noma ukubona kabili.
• Ukulala ngokweqile: Lolu uphawu oluvame kakhulu ukubonakala esigabeni sokugcina salesi sifo.

Okubalulekile: Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho umdlavuza usakazekela ebuchosheni, izimpawu ezifana "nohlangothi lokushaya kwenhliziyo" zingavela. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu "zohlangothi lokushaya kwenhliziyo" zivela ngokuzumayo, kodwa izimpawu zezimila zobuchopho ezisakazekile zivame ukubonakala kancane kancane futhi ziba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Yini ebangela ukuthi umdlavuza usabalale uye ebuchosheni?

Izimila zobuchopho ezisakazeka ngokushesha zenzeka lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza ehlukana nesimila kwenye indawo emzimbeni bese eya ebuchosheni. Lawa maseli omdlavuza avame ukuhamba ngegazi. Abacwaningi abakaqiniseki ukuthi kungani ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza oyinhloko zingasakazeka kakhulu ebuchosheni kunezinye.

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza ezisakazekela ebuchosheni yilezi:

• Umdlavuza wamaphaphu: Cishe ingxenye yabantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu bangasabalala udlule ebuchosheni. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu ohlotsheni olubizwa ngokuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu wamaseli amancane.
• Umdlavuza webele: Umdlavuza webele osusakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (umdlavuza webele osakazekile) usakazekela ebuchosheni kubantu abayi-10% kuya kwabayi-15%. Le ngozi iphezulu ezinhlotsheni ezibizwa ngokuthi ``umdlavuza webele we-HER2+`` kanye ``nomdlavuza webele one-triple-negative``.
• I-Melanoma: Cishe ingxenye yabantu abanalolu hlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba bazosabalala umdlavuza uye ebuchosheni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umdlavuza ofana nomdlavuza wezinso, umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu, kanye nomdlavuza we-thyroid nawo ungasakazekela ebuchosheni, kodwa ngezinga elincane.

Uthola kanjani ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele ebuchosheni?

Uma usuvele unomdlavuza futhi ubonisa izimpawu zesimila sobuchopho, udokotela wakho uzokwenza izivivinyo ezithile. Ngezinye izikhathi, noma ungenazo izimpawu, uma unohlobo lomdlavuza oluvame ukusabalala ebuchosheni, udokotela wakho angase ahlole ukuthi "kune-metastases ebuchosheni."

Ukuhlolwa kwalokhu yile:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-neurological: Udokotela wakho uzohlola ibhalansi yakho, ukuhlangana, isimo sengqondo, ukuzwa, ukubona, kanye nokusabela ukuze athole umbono wokuthi yiziphi izingxenye zobuchopho bakho ezithintwa yilezi zinguquko.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungenziwa ukuhlola izinto (izimpawu zomdlavuza) ezikhishwa egazini yizinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza.
• I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) ene-contrast: I-MRI scan ingathatha izithombe zobuchopho ezinemininingwane. Uma into ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-contrast ifakwa emzimbeni futhi kwenziwa lokhu kuhlolwa, amathumba ebuchosheni angabonakala ngokucacile ezithombeni.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy (`i-Biopsy`):Uma ezinye izivivinyo zinganikezi ulwazi olwanele ukuze kutholakale isifo, kungase kudingeke i-biopsy. Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane yezicubu ezivela esimila bese uyihlola ukuthi azinawo yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa lapho lonke noma ingxenye yesimila isuswa ngokuhlinzwa.

Umdlavuza osakazekele ebuchosheni welashwa kanjani?

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa kwezimila zobuchopho ezisakazekile ukumisa noma ukunciphisa ukukhula kwesimila sobuchopho nokulawula izimpawu zakho. Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha:

• Imithi yokulawula izimpawu.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kanye nokuhlinzwa.
• Imithi yokulwa nomdlavuza.

Imithi yokulawula izimpawu

Okokuqala, udokotela wakho angakunika imithi yokulawula izimpawu zakho ezisheshayo. Isibonelo, angakunikeza imithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala (i-edema) ebuchosheni bakho okubangela ikhanda elibuhlungu. Angakunikeza imithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-anticonvulsants okuvimba nokulawula ukuxhuzula.

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kanye nokuhlinzwa

Izindlela zokwelapha ezivame kakhulu ezisetshenziswa ukususa yonke noma ingxenye yesimila sobuchopho yilezi:

• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Stereotactic radiosurgery / Gamma Knife® radiosurgery: Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha evamile yokuguqulwa kwezicubu zobuchopho emazweni afana ne-United States. Kulokhu, imithamo ephezulu yemisebe ihloselwe isimila sobuchopho, kuyilapho ingxenye esele yekhanda lakho nobuchopho kuthola imisebe emincane kakhulu. Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa esisodwa.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe yobuchopho obuphelele: Uma unezimila eziningi ebuchosheni bakho, noma uma umdlavuza ususakazekele olwelwesini lobuchopho (olubizwa nangokuthi isifo se-leptomeningeal), udokotela wakho angasebenzisa lokhu kwelashwa. Lokhu kuhilela cishe izikhathi eziyi-10 kuya kweziyi-15 emavikini amabili kuya kwamathathu.
• Ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho: Amathumba angasuswa nangokuhlinzwa kwendabuko.

Imithi yokulwa nomdlavuza

Kuye ngohlobo lomdlavuza wakho wokuqala, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukwelashwa ngemithi ngaphezu kokuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe:

• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Imithi eminingi yamakhemikhali ayisebenzi kahle emdlavuza osusakazeke ebuchosheni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imithi ayikwazi ukuwela umgoqo wegazi nobuchopho, okuvimbela ezinye izinto egazini (njengemithi yamakhemikhali) ukuthi zingafiki ebuchosheni. Kodwa-ke, uma umdlavuza ususakazeke oketshezini oluzungeze ubuchopho, odokotela bangafaka imithi yamakhemikhali ngqo kulolo ketshezi.
• Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe: Le mithi isebenza ngokuphazamisa izinqubo ezisetshenziswa amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuze azalane. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi le mithi ingasebenza kahle uma ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wamaphaphu nowebele sezisakazekele ebuchosheni.
• Ukwelashwa Ngezifo Ezithathelwana Ngocansi: Ukwelashwa Ngezifo Ezithathelwana Ngocansi kusebenzisa imithi ukusiza amasosha omzimba wakho ukuthola nokubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lokhu kwelashwa kungasiza ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu kanye ne-melanoma esisabalele ebuchosheni.

Ingabe umdlavuza ungavinjelwa ukuthi ungasabalali uye ebuchosheni?

Umdlavuza wobuchopho uvame ukusabalala ngenxa yomdlavuza wamaphaphu, webele, kanye nowe-melanoma okhona. Ngakho-ke, ukwelapha lawo mdlavuza ngendlela efanele kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokunciphisa ingozi yokusabalala komdlavuza wobuchopho. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqonda ingozi yakho yokuba nalesi simo.

Buza udokotela wakho ngengozi yakho yokusabalala komdlavuza wobuchopho.

Uma umdlavuza ususakazekele ebuchosheni bami, yini okufanele ngiyilindele?

Ukwanda kwe-metastases ebuchosheni ngezinye izikhathi kungelapheka . Kodwa-ke, noma kungekho ukwelashwa okuphelele, ukwelashwa kungakusiza uphile isikhathi eside futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho. Esikhathini esidlule, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi umuntu onesifo sokwanda kwe-metastases ebuchosheni angaba nesikhathi esinzima sokuphila ngaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokwelashwa okusha, abantu abaningi manje baphila isikhathi eside ngalokhu kuxilongwa futhi benokulawula kangcono izimpawu zabo. Eqinisweni, iningi labantu abanomdlavuza osakazekele ebuchosheni abafi ngenxa yesimila sobuchopho uqobo.

Kodwa, umbuzo abantu abaningi abanawo uthi, "Isimila sami sizokhula ngokushesha kangakanani?" Lokhu kuvame ukuhlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho kuzoncika ezintweni eziningana, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lomdlavuza owawunawo, inani lezimila onazo, kanye nendlela osabela ngayo ekwelashweni.

Udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ukuchaza ukuthi lezi zici zithinta kanjani isimo sakho. Mbuze ukuthi yini ongayilindela ngokusekelwe ekuxilongweni kwakho.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Uma usuvele ubhekene nokwelashwa komdlavuza, ukusabalala komdlavuza ebuchosheni kungaletha izinselele ezintsha. Kodwa-ke, kunezinyathelo nezinsiza ezingakusiza:

• Umsebenzi nokushayela: Kuye ngokuthi isimila sobuchopho bakho sikuphi, ungase ube sengozini enkulu yokuba nesithuthwane. Lokhu kungathinta ikhono lakho lokusebenza noma lokushayela. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza imithi yokunciphisa le ngozi.
• Ukululama ngemva kokwelashwa: Uma uhlinzwa noma welashwa ngemisebe ukuze kususwe isimila sobuchopho bakho, uzodinga ukwesekwa kwabathandekayo bakho ngenkathi ululama.
• Ukuphatha imiphumela emibi: Ungadinga usizo lokuphatha imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa komdlavuza. Kungumqondo omuhle ukufuna usizo eqenjini lokunakekelwa kobuhlungu ukuze likusize uphathe izimpawu ezintsha kanye nezinselele zansuku zonke zokuxilongwa komdlavuza.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Uma uba nezimpawu ezintsha, noma uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu, noma ezihlobene nomdlavuza wakho wokuqala noma umdlavuza osusakazekele ebuchosheni bakho, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Kubalulekile ukuthi udokotela wakho aqaphele lezi zinguquko ukuze akwazi ukuqapha impilo yakho futhi athole izindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza.

Kufanele ngiye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo (ER)?

Izimila zobuchopho zisengozini enkulu yokuba nezinkinga zezinzwa ezidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo, njengokuquleka kanye nokulahlekelwa yizitho zomzimba. Futhi, funa ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala ze-`(stroke)`. Izimpawu ze-`(stroke)` zivela ngokuzumayo futhi zingafaka:

• Ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi emzimbeni.
• Izinguquko embonweni.
• Ukukhuluma amazwi angaqondakali ngesikhathi ukhuluma.
• Ubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma uthola ukuthi umdlavuza wakho ususakazekele ebuchosheni bakho, ungase uzibuze ukuthi kusho ukuthini lokhu kuxilongwa okusha, ikakhulukazi njengoba usuvele ubhekene nohlobo olulodwa lomdlavuza. Nansi eminye imibuzo ezokusiza uqonde isimo sakho:

• Ukusabalala komdlavuza ebuchosheni kuzongithinta kanjani?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okuncomayo?
• Iyini imiphumela emibi yalezi zindlela zokwelapha?
• Ingabe umdlavuza usakazekela ebuchosheni kusho ukuthi umdlavuza uzosakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wami?
• Yiziphi izinsiza ozincomayo zokusekela okwengeziwe?
• Iyini inkomba yesifo sami?

Ukuthola ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele ebuchosheni kungazwakala sengathi ungena ezweni elingaziwa. Azikho izimpendulo ezilula zalokhu kutholakala, kodwa kukhona usizo. Ungesabi ukubuza imibuzo enzima, njengokuthi yimiphi imiphumela ongayilindela ekwelashweni nokuthi yimiphi imiphumela emibi ongayithola. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lingakuqondisa ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezinhle kakhulu.

## Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Ofanele Uwuthathe Uhambe Nawe Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke kulokho esikuxoxile, ngithemba ukuthi usuthole ukuqonda okungcono `(Brain Metastases)`. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okusheshayo .

• Uma umuntu onomdlavuza kwenye indawo emzimbeni eba nezimpawu ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu elingavamile, ukuquleka, noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba , funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha .
• Ukwanda kwezifo zobuchopho akuhlali kubulalayo. Ukwelashwa kwanamuhla kungandisa isikhathi sokuphila futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila.
• Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile . Yabelana ngayo yonke imibuzo yakho, ukwesaba kwakho, kanye nokukhathazeka kwakho.
• Kubalulekile ukuhlala uqinile. Thola ukwesekwa emndenini, kubangani, kanye nethimba lakho lezokwelapha.

Sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Hlala uphilile!

` Ukusabalala Kobuchopho, Umdlavuza, Izimila Zobuchopho, Izimpawu Zomdlavuza, Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza, Ukusabalala Komdlavuza