Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane futhi ushaqekile lapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi unomdlavuza wesikhumba. Sonke siyathuthumela uma sizwa igama elithi "umdlavuza." Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ngesayensi yezokwelapha ethuthukisiwe yanamuhla, kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelelayo kakhulu futhi ezingelapheka, ikakhulukazi zomdlavuza wesikhumba. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngenye yezindlela zokwelapha ezinjalo, ezinembile kakhulu, nezisebenza kahle kakhulu. Lokho 'ukuhlinzwa kwe-Mohs.'
Kalula nje, kuyini ukuhlinzwa kwe-Mohs?
Cabanga ngakho njengokususa ingxenye ebolile ka-anyanisi omkhulu. Sisusa ingxenye ebolile kuphela, kancane kancane, ngaphandle kokulahla u-anyanisi wonke, akunjalo? Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Mohs kuyinqubo ebucayi kakhulu.
Lokhu kuhilela ukuthi udokotela wakho ohlinzayo asuse umdlavuza ngezingqimba. Okokuqala, umdlavuza obonakalayo kanye nocezu oluncane kakhulu lwesikhumba oluzungezile kuyasikwa. Ngemuva kwalokho, ingxenye engaphansi yesikhumba esisusiwe kanye nemiphetho ezungezile kuhlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope khona lapho.
Uma lokhu kuhlolwa kukhombisa ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asekhona kulezo ziphetho, udokotela uyazi kahle ukuthi umdlavuza uhlala kuphi. Ngemuva kwalokho, kususwa olunye ungqimba oluncane lwesikhumba lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza ayekhona . Luphinde luhlolwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Le nqubo iyaphindwa kuze kube yilapho kuqinisekiswe ngokuphelele ukuthi awekho amangqamuzana omdlavuza emaphethelweni esikhumba ngasinye esisusiwe.
Inzuzo enkulu yalokhu ukuthi isusa ngokunembile izicubu zomdlavuza kuphela, inciphisa umonakalo esikhumbeni sakho esinempilo. Yingakho le ndlela iwusizo kakhulu kumdlavuza wesikhumba owenzeka ezindaweni ezibucayi njengobuso, isikhumba sekhanda, izindlebe, izandla, izinyawo kanye nezindawo zobulili.
Kungani lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'amaMoh'?
Le nqubo yokuhlinzwa yatholakala futhi yathuthukiswa ngawo-1930 ngudokotela ogama lakhe linguFrederic E. Mohs. Ngakho-ke ibizwa ngokuthi 'ukuhlinzwa kukaMohs' ngenxa yokuhlonipha yena. Nakuba le nqubo yayiyinkimbinkimbi futhi ibuhlungu ekuqaleni, isithuthuke kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi isibe inqubo ephephile kakhulu nephumelelayo namuhla.
Lokhu kuhluke kanjani ekususweni okuvamile kwesimila esinomdlavuza?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abanawo. Ungase uzibuze, "Kungani kufanele usebenzise le ndlela ekhethekile esikhundleni sokususa okuvamile?" Ake sibheke umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zindlela ezimbili. Uma usuqonda lokhu, uzoqonda ukubaluleka kokuhlinzwa kwe-Mohs.
| Iphuzu lokuqhathanisa | Ukususwa Okujwayelekile | Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Mohs |
|---|---|---|
| Ukususa isikhumba esinempilo | Inani elikhulu lesikhumba esinempilo esizungeze umdlavuza liyalinganiswa bese lisikwa bese lisuswa. | Kususwa ucezu lwesikhumba oluzungeze umdlavuza, okushiya isikhumba esinempilo ngangokunokwenzeka. |
| Ukuhlolwa komphetho | Ingxenye esusiwe ithunyelwa elabhorethri, lapho okungaphansi kuka-1% womphetho wonke kuvame ukuhlolwa khona. | Udokotela ohlinzayo uhlola i-100% yazo zonke izindawo ezingaphansi nendawo esusiwe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu khona lapho. |
| Isikhathi semiphumela | Kuthatha izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuthi imiphumela ibuye. Uma amangqamuzana omdlavuza ehlala, kuzodingeka olunye ukuhlinzwa. | Imiphumela ingabonakala zingakapheli ihora. Ukwelashwa kuyaqhubeka ngosuku olufanayo kuze kube yilapho umdlavuza usuphelile ngokuphelele. |
| Izinga lokutakula | Kuphezulu, kodwa kuphansi kancane kunokuhlinzwa kwe-Mohs. Kunethuba lokuthi umdlavuza uzobuya. | Inezinga eliphezulu lokuphulukiswa elingafika ku-99%. Ingenye yezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu zomdlavuza wesikhumba. |
Yiziphi izinhlobo zomdlavuza ezivame ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa kukaMohs?
Le nqubo yokuhlinzwa ivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezimbili zomdlavuza wesikhumba ezivame kakhulu ezweni lethu.
- I-Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)
- I-Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
Ngaphezu kwalokhu, odokotela ngezinye izikhathi bangase batuse le ndlela kweminye imidlavuza yesikhumba enzima njenge-melanoma kanye neminye imidlavuza eminingana engavamile.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Ngaphambi kokuba uhlinzwe yi-Mohs, udokotela wakho wesikhumba uzokuhlola. Nobabili nizoxoxa ngalokhu okulandelayo:
- Umlando wakho ophelele wezokwelapha, imithi, namavithamini owaphuzayo.
- Umbiko we-biopsy yesikhumba sakho yangaphambilini.
- Bazokhuluma ngokucacile ngomdlavuza wesikhumba sakho, ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo, kanye nezinzuzo nezingozi zokuhlinzwa kwe-Mohs.
Lesi sikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu. Uma unemibuzo, ngisho nokwesaba okuncane noma ukungabaza, buza udokotela ngayo. Ungafihli lutho kuwe.
Kuye ngesimo sakho sempilo kanye nendawo yokuhlinzwa, ungase ucelwe ukuthi uthathe ama-antibiotic ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Ake sifunde isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kanjani.
Uzobe uphapheme ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, kodwa ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu. Ake sibone ukuthi lokhu kuzokwenzeka kanjani.
1. Ukuba ndikindiki: Okokuqala, udokotela uzofaka umuthi wokubulala izinzwa endaweni lapho umdlavuza ukhona kanye nendawo ezungezile, awuqede nya. Uzozwa ukucindezeleka kanye nomuzwa wokuthinta kuleyo ndawo, kodwa ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu.
2. Ukususa ungqimba lokuqala: Okulandelayo, umdlavuza obonakalayo kanye nongqimba oluncane kakhulu lwesikhumba oluzungezile kuyasikwa bese kususwa.
3. Ukumapha: Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isikhumba esisusiwe asididanisiswa nengaphezulu, phansi, kwesokudla, noma kwesobunxele, udokotela uzosimaka ngendlela ekhethekile bese edala imephu yaso. Lesi yisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu.
4. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Microscopic: Okulandelayo, isampula yesikhumba iqandisiwe ngokushesha elabhorethri, inqunywe ibe yizicucu ezincane kakhulu, idaywe, bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Le nqubo ingathatha cishe ihora.
5. Ukususa izicubu ezisele: Uma, ngaphansi kwe-microscope, udokotela ebona ukuthi kusekhona amangqamuzana omdlavuza emaphethelweni endawo, ngokusho kwemephu, uzokwazi kahle ukuthi uzosika kuphi ngokulandelayo. Uzobe esekubuyisela egumbini lokuhlinza bese esusa olunye ungqimba oluncane lwezicubu lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza ayekhona .
6. Ukuhlolwa kabusha: Ingxenye esanda kususwa ihlolwa nge-microscope njengakuqala. Le nqubo iyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho kuqinisekiswa ukuthi awekho amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
Uzokwazi ukuhlala endlini yangasese ngenkathi kwenziwa lezi zivivinyo. Ukhululekile ukufunda incwadi, ukulalela umculo, noma ukusebenzisa ifoni yakho phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungathatha amahora ambalwa, noma kungathatha usuku lonke uma umdlavuza umkhulu noma ujulile.
Yini okufanele uyenze ngesilonda esakheka ngemva kokususwa komdlavuza?
Uma umdlavuza usususiwe ngokuphelele, udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngendlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha isilonda sakho. Kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza lokho.
- Ukuphulukiswa okuzenzakalelayo: Uma inxeba lincane, ngezinye izikhathi lizophola lodwa.
- Ama-Sutures: Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngokuhlanganisa imiphetho yesilonda bese uyithunga ndawonye.
- Isivimbo sesikhumba noma i-graft: Uma inxeba likhulu, ingcezu yesikhumba esinempilo ingathathwa ezindaweni eziseduze bese isetshenziselwa ukuvala inxeba. Noma, ingcezu yesikhumba ingathathwa kwenye ingxenye yomzimba (isb., ngemuva kwendlebe) bese ixhunyelelwa.
- Usizo lochwepheshe: Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma inxeba likhulu, ikakhulukazi eduze kwamehlo noma ezindaweni ezifana nekhala, ungadinga usizo lukadokotela ohlinzayo we-plastic surgeon.
Isikhathi sokululama kanye nokunakekelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa
Ubuhlungu bunjani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Iningi labantu liba nobuhlungu obuncane kuya kobuphakathi . Lokhu kuzophela kancane kancane ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Lobuhlungu bungalawulwa kahle ngomuthi olula wokuqeda izinhlungu njengeParacetamol.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi inxeba liphole?
Kungathatha izinyanga ezingu-12 kuya kwezingu-18 ukuthi isilonda siphole ngokuphelele futhi sinyamalale, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukubekezela.
Unganakekela kanjani isilonda ekhaya?
Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ngendlela yokunakekela inxeba ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Uma usuya ekhaya, uzobekwa ibhandeji phezu kwesilonda. Ungalisusi amahora angama-24-48.
- Bese uhlanza inxeba kabili ngosuku njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho, usebenzisa insipho ethambile noma into enconywa udokotela wakho.
- Ngemva kokuhlanza, faka i-petroleum jelly (njenge-Vaseline®) enxebeni bese ulimboza nge-dressing enganamatheli. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugcina inxeba limanzi, kusheshise ukuphola, futhi kunciphise izibazi.
- Gwema ukuvivinya umzimba okunzima nokuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo okungenani isonto elilodwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala nokuklwebheka, faka amaphakethe eqhwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala. Kodwa ungalifaki ngqo iqhwa esikhumbeni, lisonge ngendwangu.
- Ngisho nangemva kokuba inxeba selipholile, qiniseka ukuthi ufaka isivikelo selanga esine-SPF engu-30 noma ngaphezulu uma uphuma endaweni enesibazi.
Nini ukukhuluma nodokotela
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Qiniseka ukuthi ushayela udokotela wakho ucingo uma kwenzeka noma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:
| Isimo esiyinkinga | Okufanele ukwenze/izici okufanele uziqaphele |
|---|---|
| Ukopha okungeke kume | Kuvamile ukuba nokopha okuncane emahoreni ambalwa okuqala ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kodwa-ke, uma ukopha kungayeki ngisho nangemva kokufaka ingcindezi enxebeni, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. |
| Ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki | Uma ukuthatha i-acetaminophen (Tylenol®) kungalawuli ubuhlungu, uma ubuhlungu bungapheli ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, noma uma ubuhlungu buphela bese bubuya, tshela udokotela wakho. |
| Izimpawu Zokutheleleka |
|
Igama elithi "umdlavuza" liyinto eyesabekayo ukuyizwa. Kodwa uma umdlavuza wesikhumba sakho utholakala kusenesikhathi, ngaphambi kokuba usakazekele kwezinye izindawo, inqubo eqondile ebizwa ngokuthi i-Mohs Surgery ingakwelapha ngokuphelele ngosuku olulodwa. Ngakho-ke, uma udokotela wakho encoma lokhu kwelashwa, ungesabi. Kungaba ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu ongakuthola.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Mohs kuyindlela yokwelapha enembile kakhulu futhi ephumelelayo engu-99% .
- Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ungqimba ngakunye kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza kuze kube yilapho esesusiwe ngokuphelele bese ehlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope.
- Inzuzo enkulu ukuthi umdlavuza kuphela osuswayo , okunciphisa umonakalo esikhumbeni esinempilo . Lokhu kushiya nesibazi esincane.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia, ngakho ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu. Futhi ukwelashwa kungaqedwa ngosuku olulodwa.
- Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela mayelana nokunakekela inxeba lakho ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga (ukopha, ubuhlungu obukhulu, izimpawu zokutheleleka), yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukwesaba onakho.
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