Uma udokotela ethi, 'Ngidinga ukwenza ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile,' wonke umuntu uyasaba kancane, akunjalo? Kuvamile kakhulu ukuzizwa wesaba lapho othile ethi udinga ukuvula isifuba sakho. Kodwa kuyini lokhu ngempela? Kungani udinga ukwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa? Ungesabi, sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngendlela ongayiqonda, kalula.
Kuyini ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile?
Kalula nje, ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile uhlobo lokuhlinzwa lapho isifuba sakho sivulwa khona ukuze udokotela ohlinzayo akwazi ukufinyelela inhliziyo yakho kalula. Lokhu kuvumela odokotela ukuthi bafinyelele ngqo enhliziyweni yakho futhi belaphe isimo senhliziyo yakho.
Cabanga ngakho, inhliziyo iyisitho esifihliwe ngokuphephile esifubeni sethu. Ngakho-ke ukuze sifinyelele kuyo, odokotela abahlinzayo basika phakathi kwesifuba sakho, okubizwa ngokuthi i-sternum noma i-breastbone , bese behlukanisa isifuba sakho ukuze benze indawo yenhliziyo. Abanye abantu bakubiza ngokuthi "i-chest flap." Uma impilo yakho ilungile ngokwanele ukumelana nalolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho angase akuncome le nqubo.
Kodwa akubona bonke abantu abadinga lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa okukhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo kungenziwa kusetshenziswa ukusikwa okuncane kanye nezindlela ezingangenisi kakhulu. Kodwa lokho kuncike kudokotela wakho, ngemva kokuhlola isimo sakho kanye nempilo yakho.
Hlobo luni lokuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngokuvula isifuba kanje?
Le nqubo isetshenziswa lapho odokotela abahlinzayo bedinga ukufinyelela ngqo enhliziyweni nasemithonjeni yegazi ezungezile ukuze belaphe izifo ezithile zenhliziyo.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukufakelwa Kwemithambo Yenhliziyo Enemithambo Yenhliziyo (i-CABG) | Uma umthambo ohambisa igazi enhliziyweni uvalekile, kufakelwa umthambo omusha ukuze uwuthathe indawo yawo. Lona ukuhlinzwa okuvamile. |
| Ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa kwevalvu yenhliziyo | Uma ama-valve asenhliziyweni engasebenzi kahle, angalungiswa noma kufakwe i-valve entsha. |
| Ukulungiswa kwesifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso | Ukulungiswa kwezimo ezifana nokukhubazeka kwe-atrial septal okukhona lapho kuzalwa. |
| Ukulungiswa kwe-Aneurysm | Uma udonga lwenhliziyo noma umthambo wegazi omkhulu usubuthakathaka futhi uvuvukele njengebhaluni, lungisa leyo ngxenye. |
| Ukufakelwa Inhliziyo | Ukufakelwa inhliziyo enempilo komunye umuntu ibe ngumuntu okusebenza kwenhliziyo yakhe cishe kuphazamiseke ngokuphelele (ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo). |
| Ukufakelwa kwemishini ekhethekile | Ukufakelwa kwamadivayisi afana ne-LVAD (Left Ventricular Assist Device) noma ama-pacemaker asiza ukusebenza kwenhliziyo. |
Kufanele ngilungiselele kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Njengoba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukulungiselela kahle. Kufanele ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo.
Nakekela imithi yakho.
Emasontweni amabili ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho angakucela ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imithi ethile ekhulisa ingozi yakho yokopha. Isibonelo, imithi yokunciphisa igazi efana ne -aspirin ne-warfarin, kanye nemithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu ebizwa ngokuthi ama-NSAID . Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo.
Mayelana nokudla neziphuzo
Uzokwaziswa ukuthi uzile ukudla (ungadli noma uphuze lutho) amahora amaningana ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Kuphephile kakhulu ukuba nesisu esingenalutho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
Ukubhema notshwala
Uma ubhema, kufanele nakanjani uyeke ukubhema ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukuyeka ukuphuza utshwala. Lezi zinto zingabambezela ukuphola kwenxeba futhi zandise ingozi yezinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Hlala kude nabantu abagulayo.
Cishe amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, gwema abantu abanomkhuhlane noma i-flu. Awufuni ukuba nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokutheleleka ngosuku lokuhlinzwa.
Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kanjani?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo.
1. Ukuhlinzwa Okwenziwa Ngephampu: Lokhu kuhilela ukuxhuma umshini wokudlulisa inhliziyo namaphaphu enhliziyweni yakho. Lo mshini uthatha umsebenzi wenhliziyo namaphaphu okwesikhashana. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inhliziyo ipompa igazi emzimbeni, kuyilapho igazi limiswa. Udokotela ohlinzayo angenza ukuhlinzwa enhliziyweni emile, engenalo igazi . Uma ukuhlinzwa sekuqediwe, umshini uyasuswa, bese inhliziyo iqala ukusebenza futhi.
2. Ukuhlinzwa Okungenapompu: Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okushayayo." Lapha, inhliziyo ayimiswa. Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngesikhathi inhliziyo ishaya. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ingasetshenziswa kuphela ekuhlinzeni kwe-coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) .
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, udokotela wezinzwa uzokulalisa ngokuphelele futhi aqaphe isimo sakho njalo, ukuze ungazizwa ubuhlungu.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ithambo lesifuba liphinde lixhunywe kusetshenziswa izintambo noma izitishi ezikhethekile. Lokhu kuhlala emzimbeni impilo yonke. Ukusika kwesikhumba bese kuvalwa ngezitishi.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzogcinwa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) usuku olulodwa noma ngaphezulu ukuze uthole ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Uma isimo sakho sesizinzile, uzodluliselwa egunjini elivamile.
Kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, inhliziyo yakho izoqashwa futhi izivivinyo owazenza ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa (njenge-ECG) zizophindwa. Uzokhuthazwa ukuba uvuke embhedeni uhambe kancane kancane. Lokhu kuzosiza inxeba ukuthi liphole ngokushesha.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ungase ubhekane nalokhu okulandelayo:
- Ukuqunjelwa ngenxa yemithi yobuhlungu.
- Izinkinga zenkumbulo noma ukushintshashintsha kwemizwelo .
- Ukungalali .
- Ukudla akunambitheki.
- Ubuhlungu, ukudumba, kanye nokuvuvukala okuncane endaweni yokusikwa.
- Ubuhlungu nokuqina kwemisipha yesifuba.
- Ukuzizwa ukhathele njengenjwayelo.
Eziningi zalezi zinto zizophela ezinsukwini noma emavikini ambalwa.
Ziyini izingozi nezinzuzo?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, lokhu kunezingozi ezithile.
- Ukopha.
- Ukutheleleka.
- Ukujiya kwegazi.
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Arrhythmias).
- Ingozi encane yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi.
- Ukungezwani komzimba ne-anesthesia.
Abantu abanesifo sikashukela, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, isifo samaphaphu (njenge-COPD) noma isifo sezinso, kanye nababhemayo basengozini enkulu kancane yezinkinga.
Kodwa inzuzo enkulu yalokhu kuhlinzwa ukuthi kungasindisa izimpilo.Kwabanye, ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa, izimpawu ziyanyamalala ngokuphelele, bayakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke kalula, futhi bayakwazi ukuphila impilo enhle kakhulu .
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?
Kungathatha amasonto ayi-6 kuya kwayi-12 noma ngaphezulu ukuze ululame ngokugcwele, kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa olwenzile kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.
Ngokuvamile ngeke uvunyelwe ukushayela noma ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo emasontweni okuqala ayisithupha. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ungabuyela nini emsebenzini. Ungase futhi uthunyelwe ohlelweni lokwelapha inhliziyo . Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi uphinde uthole amandla akho.
| Uma unalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha! | |
|---|---|
| - Ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba, obuhlukile kobuhlungu obuvamile obuzwiwa ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi. | |
| - Imfiva. | |
| - Uketshezi olufana nobomvu oluphuma ekulimaleni, ukubomvu, noma ukuvuvukala okweqile (izimpawu zokutheleleka). | |
| - Ukucanuzela nokuhlanza okuqhubekayo. | |
| - Ubunzima bokuphefumula. | |
| - Izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi njengobunzima bokukhuluma kanye nokugoba kolunye uhlangothi lobuso. | |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile akuyona into okufanele uyesabe, kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu okwenziwa ngempumelelo namuhla futhi okungasindisa izimpilo.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze uphumelele ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela (imithi, ukudla okudlayo, kanye nokuyeka ukubhema) ngaphambi nje kokuhlinzwa.
- Kuthatha isikhathi ukuphulukiswa. Ngakho-ke bekezela. Nika umzimba wakho isikhathi osidingayo sokuphulukiswa.
- Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile noma ucindezelekile ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Khuluma nomndeni wakho nodokotela ngakho ngokukhululekile.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nokuhlinzwa, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela. Ukwazi konke ngokucacile kuzokunika amandla engqondo.
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