Wake wezwa ngedivayisi ethumela idivayisi encane efana nekhamera ngaphakathi komthambo wegazi emzimbeni wethu futhi ihlole isimo sezindonga zawo zangaphakathi? Ngempela ubuchwepheshe obumangalisayo. Cishe uke wezwa nge-angiogram, evame ukusetshenziswa ukuhlola ukuvaleka noma ukufakwa kwe-cholesterol emithanjeni yenhliziyo. Kodwa namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuhlolwa okukhethekile okungaba okucashile nakakhulu, futhi okungabona ngokucacile ukuthi kwenzekani ngempela ngaphakathi komthambo wegazi. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) .
Kalula nje, iyini i-Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS)?
Cabanga ukuthi ipayipi lamanzi endlini yakho livalekile. Kodwa awukwazi ukubona ngaphandle ukuthi likuphi, livalekile kangakanani, noma ukuthi izindonga ezingaphakathi kwepayipi zonakele yini, akunjalo? Yilokho kanye okwenzekayo ngemithambo yegazi yethu. I-IVUS, uma sikhuluma iqiniso, iyiskena esincane esingathunyelwa ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi.
Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuhlola izicubu ezithambile ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Idivayisi ebucayi kakhulu eyenzelwe le njongo ithatha izithombe zesikhathi sangempela ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlola isimo semithambo yenhliziyo , ehlinzeka ngegazi enhliziyweni. Kodwa-ke, uma kudingeka, le ndlela ingasetshenziswa futhi ukuhlola eminye imithambo yegazi emzimbeni.
Lolu vivinyo lubizwa nangamanye amagama amaningana:
- I-ultrasound ye-Coronary intravascular
- I-ultrasound ye-Endovascular
- I-echocardiography ye-Intravascular
Lobu buchwepheshe busebenza kanjani? Kuyamangalisa!
Indlela esebenza ngayo ilula kakhulu futhi iyamangalisa. Cabanga ngendlela ilulwane elindiza ngayo emhumeni omnyama ngaphandle kokushayisa izindonga. Ilulwane likhipha umsindo, futhi uma lishaya isithiyo bese libuya (echo), ilulwane liyawuzwa futhi liqonde ukuthi yini ezayo. Ubuchwepheshe be-IVUS bufana nalokhu.
1. Ukufakwa kwe-catheter: Okokuqala, udokotela ufaka ipayipi elincane kakhulu neliguquguqukayo, elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter , emthanjeni wegazi ngokusebenzisa ukunqunywa okuncane embotsheni noma engalweni yakho. Uzonikezwa umuthi oqeda izinhlungu endaweni yokufaka, ukuze ungezwa ubuhlungu.
2. I-Ultrasound Probe: Ekupheleni kwale catheter kukhona iqhawe lendaba yethu, i- ultrasound probe encane. Lena incane kakhulu.
3. Ukuthumela amaza omsindo: Udokotela uhambisa ngokucophelela le catheter emthanjeni wegazi ukuze ihlolwe. Njengoba ihamba, i-probe ikhipha amaza omsindo avame kakhulu.
4. Ukuqoshwa Kwe-Echo: Lawa maza omsindo agxuma odongeni lomthambo wegazi bese ebuya, njengasendabeni yelulwane.
5. Umklamo wezithombe zekhompyutha:Ama-echo abuyayo ahlaziywa yikhompyutha bese eguqulwa ngokushesha abe izithombe ezicacile, ezihlanganisa ingaphakathi lomthambo wegazi. Ngokubheka lezi zithombe udokotela angakwazi ukuhlola ngokunembile isimo esingaphakathi komthambo wegazi.
Kalula nje, le ndlela ikuvumela ukuthi ungene ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi bese ubona i-millimeter nge-millimeter ukuthi izindonga zayo zinobukhulu obungakanani, ukuthi i-cholesterol ibekwe kuphi, nokuthi igazi linendawo engakanani okufanele lidlule kuyo.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-IVUS kungangisiza kanjani?
Uma udokotela esola ukuthi imithambo yakho yegazi ivaliwe noma inciphile, ukuhlolwa kwe-IVUS kungaba usizo kakhulu. Kungasiza ekuphatheni izimo ezingathi sína nezisongela ukuphila njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, i-pulmonary embolism, kanye nesifo sohlangothi .
Ake sibheke ithebula elingezansi ukuze sibone ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-IVUS kubasiza kanjani odokotela.
| Indawo yokuhlola | Incazelo etholwe yi-IVUS |
|---|---|
| Ukufakwa kwe-cholesterol (i-atherosclerosis) | Ingalinganisa ngokunembile ukuthi i-cholesterol, amafutha, nezinye izinto zibekwe (i-plaque) ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi, futhi uma kunjalo, ukuthi inzima kangakanani. |
| Ukuhlela ukwelashwa | Lolu lwazi lubalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi isiguli sidinga ukufakwa i-stent noma ukuhlinzwa okukhulu njengokuhlinzwa kwe-coronary artery bypass . |
| Ukubekwa kwe-Stent | Uma kufakwa i-stent (idivayisi efana ne-mesh ebekwa ukugcina umthambo wegazi uvulekile), i-IVUS iyasiza ekukhetheni ubukhulu be-stent obufanele nokuqinisekisa ukuthi inamathele kahle odongeni lomthambo. |
| Ezinye izinto eziyingozi | Lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa futhi ukuthola izimo ezifana nokuqhekeka kwegazi, i-aortic aneurysm, kanye nesifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle. |
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-IVUS ne-Angiogram?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abanawo. I-angiogram ihlola imithambo yegazi evalekile, kanti i-IVUS yenza into efanayo, ngakho-ke umehluko uyini phakathi kwalokhu okubili?
Zicabange uhamba emgwaqweni bese ubona isithunzi somuntu phansi. Ngokubheka leso sithunzi, ungathola umbono ongemuhle ngesimo somuntu. I-angiogram iyinto efana naleyo. Ihilela ukufaka idayi ekhethekile emithanjeni yegazi bese uthatha isithombe se-X-ray. Bese sibona kuphela 'isithunzi' segazi eligeleza ngaphakathi emthanjeni wegazi. Okungukuthi, isithombe esinezinhlangothi ezimbili (2D).
Kodwa i-IVUS ayifani nokubuka isithunzi. Kufana nokusika isinkwa sibe yizicucu, uthathe ucezu olulodwa bese uhlola okungaphakathi. Nge-IVUS, sithola ingxenye evundlile yomthambo wegazi, umbono onezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D). Ngemuva kwalokho singabona ngokucacile imininingwane eminingi i-angiogram engayiboni, njengezingqimba zodonga lomthambo wegazi, indlela i-cholesterol efakwa ngayo, kanye nobukhulu bayo.
Indlela yokuhlola eyenziwa ngayo: isinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Abanye abantu bangase besabe kancane uma bezwa ngalolu vivinyo. Kodwa empeleni lwenziwa ngaphandle kokungakhululeki. Lwenziwa udokotela wenhliziyo ochwepheshe (udokotela wenhliziyo ongenelelayo) noma udokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi (udokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi) .
Ngokuvamile, lapho kuhlolwa imithambo yegazi yenhliziyo, lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-IVUS kwenziwa njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwe -catheterization yenhliziyo . Lokhu kuvumela ezinye izinto eziningi enhliziyweni ukuthi zihlolwe ngenqubo efanayo.
Nansi indlela inqubo esebenza ngayo:
1. Ukulungiselela: Uzolala etafuleni lokuhlolwa. Ngemuva kwalokho uzonikezwa umuthi wokudambisa ukuze uphumule. Uzobe uphapheme isikhathi esiningi, kodwa uzokhululeka kakhulu. Ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu.
2. Ukuhlanza nokufaka izinzwa: Indawo lapho kuzofakwa khona i-catheter (ngokuvamile i-groin) ihlanzwa kahle ngesisombululo se-antiseptic. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufakwa umuthi wokubulala izinzwa ukuze kufakwe izinzwa endaweni.
3. Ukufaka i-catheter:Udokotela manje uzokwenza imbobo encane endaweni engenalutho bese efaka isikhwama sepulasitiki kuyo. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukufaka i-catheter emthanjeni wegazi. I-catheter ye-IVUS izobe isifakwa ngayo bese iqondiswa emthanjeni ukuze ihlolwe.
4. Ukuthwebula Izithombe: Uma i-catheter isikhona, i-ultrasound probe esesiqongweni iyavulwa ukuze ithathe izithombe zengaphakathi lomthambo wegazi. Udokotela ukwenza lokhu ngenkathi ebuka isikrini sekhompyutha.
5. Ukuqeda: Ngemva kokuba zonke izithombe ezidingekayo sezitholiwe, udokotela ususa ngokucophelela i-catheter kanye nesigxobo. Njengoba ukusikwa kuncane kakhulu, ngokuvamile akudingeki ukuthungwa. Kufakwa ibhandeji elihlanzekile lokuhlinzwa endaweni ukuvimbela ukutheleleka.
Imiphumela Nokululama
Enye into enhle ngalolu vivinyo ukuthi imiphumela itholakala ngesikhathi sangempela. Kodwa-ke, udokotela uzokuchazela lokhu ngemva kokuphela kokuhlolwa nemiphumela yomuthi wokudambisa owawunikwe wona isiphelile. Ungase ukwazi ukubona imiphumela ngenkathi usesegumbini lokululama.
Ngokuphathelene nokululama, uma ubuhlolwe i-IVUS kuphela, ungaya ekhaya ngalolo suku. Kodwa-ke, uma ubukwenzile lokhu kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-catheterization yenhliziyo, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlale esibhedlela ubusuku bonke. Udokotela wakho uzokwazisa ngalokhu kusenesikhathi.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zokuhlolwa kwe-IVUS?
Njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, lena inezinzuzo kanye nezingozi ezithile.
Izinzuzo
- Imiphumela enembe kakhulu: Ungathola ulwazi olunembe kakhulu nolunemininingwane mayelana nesimo somthambo wegazi.
- Akusebenzi ngemisebe: Njengoba ama-X-ray engasetshenziswa kule nqubo, akukho ukuchayeka emisebeni emzimbeni.
- Imiphumela esheshayo kanye nokululama: Imiphumela iyashesha, kanti isikhathi sokululama sifushane.
Izingozi
Lezi zingozi azivamile. Futhi, njengoba lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwethimba lezokwelapha elinolwazi, bakulungele ukubhekana nanoma yisiphi isimo.
- Ukungalingani kwenhliziyo (i-Arrhythmia) - (ikakhulukazi uma kuhlobene nenhliziyo)
- Amahlule egazi
- Ukutheleleka endaweni yokusikwa
- Ukusikwa noma ukulimala kwemithambo yegazi
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nalokhu kuhlolwa bese ubuza yonke imibuzo yakho ngaphambi kokuba ukwenze. Asikho isizathu sokwesaba.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) iwukuskena okukhethekile okusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukukhiqiza izithombe ezicacile zezindonga zangaphakathi zomthambo wegazi.
- Lokhu kunganikeza ulwazi olunemininingwane eminingi kunalolu olungabonakala nge-angiogram ejwayelekile, ikakhulukazi mayelana nohlobo lwe-cholesterol deposits (atherosclerosis).
- Ulwazi olutholakale kulolu vivinyo lubaluleke kakhulu kodokotela ukuze benze izinqumo ezifanele mayelana nokwelashwa okufana nokufakwa kwe-stent kanye nokuhlinzwa kwe-bypass.
- Lokhu kuhlolwa okuphephile kakhulu, futhi izingozi ezingaba khona ziphansi kakhulu.
- Uma unesifo senhliziyo noma izinkinga zemithambo yegazi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze unqume ukuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kukufanele yini.
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