Nazi izimpendulo zemibuzo yakho mayelana nalesi simila esingavamile esibizwa ngokuthi i-Paraganglioma!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi ujuluka kakhulu, inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha, ikhanda lakho liyashaya? Noma uzizwa sengathi umfutho wegazi lakho ukhuphuka ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kwesizathu? Ngisho noma ungase ucabange ukuthi lezi yizinto ezingahleliwe nje, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nesinye isizathu ngemuva kwalokhu. I-Paraganglioma ingenye yezinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezibalulekile okufanele uziqaphele.

Ngakho-ke, iyini le paraganglioma?

Kalula nje, ama-paraganglioma ayizimila ezingavamile ezakheka emzimbeni wakho. Avame ukukhula eduze komthambo we-carotid, umthambo wegazi omkhulu entanyeni yakho, eduze kwemizwa ekhanda lakho nasentanyeni, noma kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho. Lawa mathumba akhiwe uhlobo olukhethekile lweseli olubizwa ngamaseli e-chromaffin . Lawa maseli akhiqiza ama-hormone abizwa ngama -catecholamines futhi awakhiphele egazini lakho.

Ubuwazi ukuthi izindlala ze-adrenal, ezitholakala ngaphezu kwezinso zethu, zikhiqiza izinhlobo eziningana zama-hormone? Lawa ma-catecholamines angama-hormone alawula imisebenzi eminingana ebaluleke kakhulu emizimbeni yethu. Uyazi ukuthi ayini?

• Isilinganiso senhliziyo yakho.
• Ukushaya kwegazi.
• Izinga likashukela egazini (`i-glucose egazini`).
• Indlela umzimba wethu osabela ngayo ekucindezelekeni.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-catecholamine ezibalulekile yilezi:

• I-Dopamine.
• I-Epinephrine (lokhu yikho esikubiza nangokuthi i-adrenaline).
• I-Norepinephrine (ebizwa nangokuthi i-noradrenaline).

Nakuba ama-paraganglioma engakhi ezindlaleni ze-adrenal, lawa mathumba akhiwa yizicubu ezisezindlaleni ze-adrenal. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kwala ma-paraganglioma, ama-hormone e-catecholamine angaqongelela egazini. Yilapho izimpawu ezahlukahlukene ziqala khona ukuvela.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Paranglioma ne-Pheochromocytoma?

La magama amabili angaba yinto edidayo kancane, akunjalo? I-Paraganglioma kanye ne-pheochromocytoma zombili ziyizimila ezingavamile ezivela kumaseli e-chromaffin ashiwo ngenhla. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalawa amabili ukuthi akheka kuphi emzimbeni.

Ama-pheochromocytomas akhula engxenyeni ephakathi ye-adrenal gland yakho, ebizwa ngokuthi i-adrenal medulla. Ama-paragangliomas akhula ngaphandle kwe-adrenal gland. Avame ukutholakala emithanjeni noma emithanjeni entanyeni. Yingakho ama-paragangliomas ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi 'ama-extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas'.

Ingabe i-Paraganglioma ingumdlavuza?

Lena inkinga abantu abaningi abanayo. Lawa mathumba, abizwa ngokuthi ama-paragangliomas , angaba nomdlavuza (ayingozi) noma angabi nomdlavuza (angabi yingozi).Empeleni, cishe ama-20% ama-paragangliomas anomdlavuza.

Kodwa inselele lapha ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ngodokotela ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi isimila sinomdlavuza noma cha. Okusho ukuthi, noma ngabe isimila sisusiwe ngokuhlinzwa futhi izicubu zaso zihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope, ngezinye izikhathi akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokuqinisekile. Ngakho-ke, i-paraganglioma ivame ukubhekwa njengomdlavuza ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Uma isimila sisakazekele ezicutshini ezizungezile (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `ukusabalala kwesifunda kwe-paraganglioma`).
• Uma sesisabalale ezithweni ezikude, njengamaphaphu akho noma amathambo (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-metastasized').
• Uma isibuyile ngemva kokwelashwa nokuphulukiswa kokuqala (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `ukuphinda kuvele`).

Uma kungumdlavuza, usakazeka kanjani?

Uma le paraganglioma ingumdlavuza, ayikho indlela ejwayelekile yokulinganisa imiphumela yayo. Esikhundleni salokho, ichazwa kanje:

• I-paraganglioma etholakala endaweni ethile: Isimila sitholakala endaweni eyodwa kuphela.
• I-paraganglioma yesifunda: Umdlavuza ususakazekele kuma-lymph node noma kwezinye izicubu eduze nalapho waqala khona.
• I-paraganglioma esakazeka kalula: Umdlavuza ususakazeke kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho, njengesibindi sakho, amaphaphu, amathambo, noma ama-lymph node akude. Phakathi kuka-35% no-50% wama-paraganglioma anomdlavuza angasakazeka (asakazeka kalula) ngale ndlela.
• I-paraganglioma ephindaphindayo: Umdlavuza ubuyile ngemuva kokwelashwa nokwelashwa. Ungaba sendaweni efanayo owawuyiyo ngaphambili, noma ungaba sendaweni ehlukile yomzimba.

La mantongomane akhula ngokushesha kangakanani?

Ngokuvamile, ama-paraganglioma akhula kancane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Abanye abantu bangakhula ngokushesha.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo?

Lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi i-paraganglioma , singakhula kunoma yimuphi ubudala. Kodwa-ke, sivame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-30 no-50. Futhi, cishe u-10% wamacala abikiwe ezinganeni.

Ivame kangakanani i-Paraganglioma?

Empeleni lesi isimila esingavamile kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo, kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe abantu ababili kuphela kwabayisigidi abathola ama-paragangliomas. Ngakho ungacabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyinto engavamile kangakanani.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Paraganglioma?

Izimpawu ze-paragangliomas zibangelwa ukuthi isimila sikhipha i-adrenaline noma i-noradrenaline eningi kakhulu eshiwo ngenhla egazini lakho. Kodwa-ke, amanye ama-paragangliomas awakhiqizi le hormone eyengeziwe, ngakho-ke awabangeli zimpawu (zibizwa ngokuthi azinazimpawu).

Izimpawu ezivame ukubonakalaIngabe:

• Ukuqala ngokuzumayo komfutho wegazi ophezulu (umfutho wegazi ophakeme).
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
• Ukujuluka ngokweqile ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo nokungajwayelekile okunomsindo kangangokuthi inhliziyo ingazwakala ishaya.
• Ukuzizwa sengathi umzimba wakho uyathuthumela.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kunezimpawu ezingavamile kakhulu :

• Ukuba mhloshana kakhulu kunalokho ovame ukukubona.
• Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo kanye/noma ukuhlanza.
• Uhudo.
• Ukuqunjelwa.
• Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini (i-hyperglycemia).
• Ukwehla okungazelelwe komfutho wegazi okubangela isiyezi lapho usukuma (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-orthostatic hypotension).
• Ukuba mncane ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nalezi zimpawu kaningi, noma bazizwe beqhuma. Cabanga nje, ngezinye izikhathi akukho lutho olungalungile, bese lezi zimpawu zivele ngokuzumayo, bese ziyanyamalala ngemva kwesikhashana. Yingakho ngezinye izikhathi sekwephuzile ukuqaphela lokhu.

Yini ebangela i-paraganglioma?

Esikhathini esiningi, asikho isizathu esiqondile sama-paragangliomas. Okusho ukuthi, avele ngokungahleliwe. Kodwa-ke, cishe abantu abangama-25% kuya ku-35% bahlakulela ama-paragangliomas ngenxa yesimo sofuzo esitholakala emindenini (isimo esizuzwe njengefa). Ezinye zalezi zimo zifaka:

• I-Multiple endocrine neoplasia 2 syndrome, izinhlobo A no-B (MEN2A no-MEN2B)).
• Isifo se-Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL).
• Uhlobo 1 lwe-Neurofibromatosis (NF1).
• I-Hereditary paraganglioma syndrome.
• I-Carney-Stratakis dyad (lapho i-paraganglioma ingase ihambisane nesimila se-gastrointestinal stromal (GIST)).
• I-Carney triad (engafaka phakathi i-paraganglioma, i-GIST, kanye nohlobo lwesimila samaphaphu esibizwa ngokuthi i-pulmonary chondroma).

Itholakala kanjani i-Paraganglioma?

I-paraganglioma ingaba nzima ukuyixilonga ngoba iyisimila esingavamile futhi ngezinye izikhathi ayibangeli zimpawu. Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela bathola i-paraganglioma ngenkathi benza izivivinyo ngesinye isizathu.

Udokotela angase asole i-paraganglioma ngemva kokucabangela izici ezilandelayo:

• Umlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele, ikakhulukazi noma ngabe kukhona umuntu emndenini wakho oke waba ne-pheochromocytoma noma i-paraganglioma.
• Ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba nangokwezokwelapha.
• Uhlobo lwezinye izimpawu. Isibonelo, uma une-high blood pressure engalawulwa ukwelashwa okuvamile.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ngalokhu?

Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa lezi zivivinyo nezinqubo ukuze anqume ukuthi une-paraganglioma:

• Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Udokotela wakho uzokuxilonga futhi ahlole impilo yakho iyonke, njengomfutho wegazi lakho. Uzobuza nangomlando wezokwelapha wakho nomndeni wakho, ikakhulukazi noma yiziphi izinkinga ezihlobene nama-hormone.
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo kwamahora angama-24: Lokhu kuhilela ukuqoqa isampula yomchamo wakho esikhathini samahora angama-24 bese kulinganiswa inani lamahomoni e-adrenal abizwa ngokuthi ama-catecholamines. Kuphinde kubheke izinto ezakheka lapho la mahomoni ewohloka. Uma lawa ma-catecholamines ekhona emchameni wakho emazingeni aphezulu kunavamile, kungaba uphawu lwe-paraganglioma.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-catecholamine yegazi: Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa amazinga e-catecholamine egazini lakho. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kuhlola nezinto ezikhiqizwayo lapho la ma-hormone ewohloka. Uma lawa ekhona ngamanani aphezulu kunokuvamile egazini, kungaba uphawu lwe-paraganglioma.
• Ukuskena kwe-PET (i-positron emission tomography scan): Ukuskena kwe-PET kuhilela ukufaka ikhemikhali enomsebe ephephile (i-radiotracer) emzimbeni wakho nokuthatha izithombe zezitho zakho nezicubu usebenzisa idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-PET scanner. Lokhu kuskena kuhlonza amangqamuzana asebenzayo kakhulu namathumba amunca ikhemikhali. Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi kunenkinga yezempilo yini. Lokhu kuskena kuhle kakhulu ekutholeni indawo ye-paraganglioma.
• I-CT scan (i-computer tomography scan): I-CT scan inqubo ethatha uchungechunge lwe-X-ray kusuka emakhoneni ahlukene ukudala izithombe ezinemininingwane zangaphakathi lomzimba wakho. Udokotela wakho angase ancome i-CT scan ukusiza ukuthola indawo yesimila (ngokuvamile entanyeni).
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI (i-magnetic resonance imaging): I-MRI isebenzisa i-magnet, amaza omsakazo, kanye nekhompyutha ukwenza uchungechunge lwezithombe ezinemininingwane yengaphakathi lomzimba wakho. Udokotela wakho angase akuncome i-MRI ukuze athole umbono ongcono wendawo lapho kukhona khona isimila.

Ngemva kokuba udokotela wakho ekuxilongile ukuthi une-paraganglioma, angase enze ezinye izivivinyo ukuze abone ukuthi isisabalele yini kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.

Ingabe Ukuhlolwa Kwezakhi Zofuzo Kuyadingeka?

Uma kutholakala ukuthi une-paraganglioma, udokotela wakho cishe uzoncoma ukuthi welulekwe ngokwezakhi zofuzo ukuze athole ukuthi unesifo esizuzwe njengefa futhi usengozini yokuthola eminye imidlavuza ehlobene naso.

Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo kulezi zimo:

• Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho enezimpawu ezihlobene ne-pheochromocytoma noma i-paraganglioma syndrome.
• Uma unezimpawu zamazinga aphezulu kunajwayelekile ama-catecholamine egazini lakho noma izimpawu ze-paraganglioma enomdlavuza.
• Uma uke waba ne-paraganglioma ngaphambi kokuba uneminyaka engu-40.

Uma umeluleki wakho wezakhi zofuzo ethola noma yiziphi izinguquko zezakhi zofuzo emiphumeleni yakho yokuhlolwa, cishe uzoncoma ukuthi amanye amalungu omndeni wakho (ngisho nalabo abangenazo izimpawu kodwa abasengozini) nawo ahlolwe.

Iphathwa kanjani i-paraganglioma?

Ukwelashwa kwe-paraganglioma kuncike ezintweni eziningana, okuhlanganisa:

• Usayizi wesimila.
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimila sinomdlavuza (siyingozi) noma asibi (singebi).
• Ukuthi unezimpawu yini ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu e-catecholamines.
• Ingabe lesi simila sisendaweni eyodwa kuphela, noma ingabe sisakazeke (sisakazeke) kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba?
• Ukuthi isimila sitholakale okokuqala, noma ukuthi sase silaphekile yini ngaphambilini sabe sesiphinde savela.

Uma une-paraganglioma ebangela izimpawu ngenxa yama-hormone amaningi, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi yokulawula lezo zimpawu. Le mithi ingafaka:

• Imithi elawula umfutho wegazi lakho, isibonelo ama-alpha-blockers .
• Imithi yokugcina ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kusezingeni elijwayelekile, isibonelo ama-beta-blockers .
• Imithi evimba imiphumela yama-hormone akhishwa ngokweqile yi-adrenal gland yakho.

Izindlela zokwelapha i-paraganglioma yilezi:

• Ukususwa kwesimila ngokuhlinzwa.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali.
• Ukwelashwa kokukhipha isisu.
• Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe.

Ngokubambisana, wena nethimba lakho lezokwelapha nizonquma uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanela wena kanye nesimo sakho.

Ukususwa kwesimila ngokuhlinzwa

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwe-paraganglioma ukuhlinzwa. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isimila, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzohlola izicubu ezizungezile kanye nama-lymph node ukuze abone ukuthi isimila sesisabalele yini. Uma sesisabalele, udokotela ohlinzayo uzosusa izicubu ezithintekile, uma kungenzeka.

Ama-paraganglioma amaningi angasuswa kusetshenziswa amasu angangenisi kakhulu, njengokuhlinzwa kwe-laparoscopic . Lokhu kuhilela ukwenza izimbobo ezimbalwa ezincane esikhumbeni sakho nokususa isimila ngamathuluzi akhethekile. Kodwa-ke, izimila ezinkulu zingadinga ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile okuvamile.

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho uzohlola amazinga e-catecholamines egazini noma emchameni wakho. Uma amazinga e-catecholamines ebuyela esimweni esijwayelekile, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi wonke amaseli e-paraganglioma asusiwe.

Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kuyindlela yokwelapha umdlavuza esebenzisa imisebe enamandla amakhulu ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza noma ukuwavimba ekukhuleni kwawo. Lokhu kwenziwa ngenkathi kunciphisa umonakalo ezicutshini ezinempilo ezizungezile.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokwelapha ngemisebe:

• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle: Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa umshini ongaphandle komzimba wakho ukuqondisa imisebe endaweni lapho umdlavuza ukhona khona.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphakathi: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka into enemisebe ezinalitini, imbewu, izintambo, noma ama-catheter, abese efakwa ngqo esimila noma eduze kwaso ngudokotela.

Uhlobo lokwelashwa ngemisebe udokotela wakho akuncomayo luncike ekutheni umdlavuza wakho usendaweni, ungowesifunda, ukude, noma ubuyile. Odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle kanye/noma ukwelashwa nge-131I-MIBG ukwelapha ama-paragangliomas anomdlavuza. Ukwelashwa nge-131I-MIBG kuyindlela yokunikeza into enomsebe ezinhlotsheni ezithile zamangqamuzana omdlavuza, bese ifakwa emzimbeni bese imisebe ekhishwayo ibulala amangqamuzana.

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

Ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kwe-paraganglioma esakazekile yi-chemotherapy. Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa imithi yokubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza, ukuwavimba ekuhlukaneni, noma ukuwavimba ekukhuleni. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kuvame ukunikezwa ngemithambo yegazi. Nakuba lokhu kuvame ukuba ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo, kungabangela imiphumela emibi.

Ukwelashwa Kokuhlanzwa Kwesisu

Ukwelashwa nge-ablation kuyindlela yokwelapha engangenisi kakhulu esebenzisa amazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu noma aphansi kakhulu ukubhubhisa izimila. Ukwelashwa nge-ablation okusiza ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza namaseli angajwayelekile kufaka phakathi:

• Ukususwa kwamaza omsakazo: Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa amaza omsakazo ukushisa nokubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza kanye namangqamuzana angavamile. Amaza omsakazo athunyelwa ngama-electrode (amadivayisi amancane aqhuba ugesi).
• I-Cryoablation: Lokhu kwelashwa kusebenzisa i-nitrogen ewuketshezi noma i-carbon dioxide ewuketshezi ukuze kuqandiswe futhi kubhubhise amangqamuzana omdlavuza kanye namangqamuzana angavamile.

Ukwelashwa Okuqondiwe

Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe kuyindlela yokwelapha esebenzisa izidakamizwa noma ezinye izinto ukuhlasela amangqamuzana athile omdlavuza kuphela, ngaphandle kokulimaza amangqamuzana anempilo. Odokotela basebenzisa ukwelashwa okuqondiwe ukwelapha ama-paragangliomas akude naphindaphindayo.

Abacwaningi okwamanje baphenya nge-tyrosine kinase inhibitor ebizwa ngokuthi i-sunitinib.Kuhlolwa uhlobo lomuthi ukuze kubonwe ukuthi ungawelapha kahle kangakanani ama-paragangliomas akude. Ukwelashwa nge-Tyrosine kinase inhibitor uhlobo lokwelashwa okuqondiswe kulo oluvimba ukukhula kwesimila.

Ingabe ukuthuthukiswa kwe-paraganglioma kungavinjelwa?

Ngeshwa, ama-paraganglioma awanakuvinjelwa. Kodwa-ke, uma unezifo ezithile ezizuzwe njengefa kanye nezakhi zofuzo ezikubeka engozini yokuthola ama-paraganglioma, ukwelulekwa ngofuzo kungakusiza ukuthi uhlolwe ama-paraganglioma futhi mhlawumbe uwabambe kusenesikhathi.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma izihlobo zakho zezinga lokuqala (abafowenu nodadewenu nabazali) bake baba ne-paraganglioma noma i-pheochromocytoma, kanye/noma uma unezinye zalezi zimo zofuzo:

• I-Multiple endocrine neoplasia 2 syndrome.
• Isifo se-Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL).
• Uhlobo 1 lwe-Neurofibromatosis.
• I-Hereditary paraganglioma syndrome.
• I-Carney-Stratakis dyad.
• UCarney triad.

Iyini i-prognosis kulesi simo?

Umbono wama-paragangliomas, okungukuthi, amathuba okululama nokusinda, uyahlukahluka kuye ngezici eziningana. Phakathi kwazo:

• Ukuthi isimila sikuphi emzimbeni wakho nokuthi sikhulu kangakanani.
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umdlavuza noma ususakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
• Ingabe isimila sasuswa ngokuhlinzwa, futhi uma kunjalo, singakanani isimila esasuswa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?

Abantu abane-paraganglioma encane engakasabalali kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (engakasabalali) banesilinganiso sokusinda seminyaka emihlanu esingaba ngu-95%. Kodwa-ke, abantu abane-paraganglioma ephinde yavela ngemva kokwelashwa kokuqala noma esakazeke kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (eyasabalalisiwe) banesilinganiso sokusinda seminyaka emihlanu esiphakathi kuka-34% no-60% .

Futhi, kunezinye i-paragangliomas ezimbi kakhulu, noma zingakasabalali kude, ezingenakususwa ngokuphelele ngokuhlinzwa ngoba sezisabalale ngokwanele ezicutshini ezizungezile. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukukhishwa ngokweqile kwe-adrenaline ne-noradrenaline kungaba yingozi futhi kube nzima ukwelapha.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, ama-paraganglioma, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi anomdlavuza noma cha, uma engelashwa, angabangela izinkinga ezinkulu, ngisho nezisongela ukuphila ngenxa yenani elikhulu le-adrenaline kanye ne-noradrenaline akhiphayo.

Ezinye zalezi zinkinga yilezi:

• Isifo semisipha yenhliziyo (cardiomyopathy).
• Ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo yakho (`myocarditis`).
• Ukopha okungalawuleki ebuchosheni bakho (ukopha ebuchosheni).
• Ukwakheka koketshezi emaphashini akho (i-pulmonary edema).
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo (`ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo`).
• Isifo sohlangothi.
• I-Coma.
• Ukufa.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma kutholakala ukuthi une-paraganglioma futhi uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezisolisayo, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Uma ubona izimpawu ze-paraganglioma, njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Njengoba i-paraganglioma ingavamile, kusabalulekile ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma ngabe akunakwenzeka ukuthi unawo.

Uma uthola ukuthi omunye wezihlobo zakho zezinga lokuqala (abantakwenu, abazali) une-genetic syndrome efana ne-"Multiple endocrine neoplasia 2 syndrome" noma i-"Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease", buza udokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo, njengoba lokhu kungandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola i-paraganglioma.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho?

Uma kutholakale ukuthi une-paraganglioma, kungaba usizo ukubuza udokotela wakho le mibuzo:

• Kungani ngathola i-paraganglioma?
• Ingabe izingane zami kanye/noma izihlobo zami zingaba ne-paraganglioma?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha enginazo?
• Iyini imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa okuhlukahlukene?
• Ngingazilawula kanjani izimpawu zami?

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Paraganglioma yisimo esingavamile, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela. Uma unezimpawu eziqhubekayo okunzima ukuziqonda, ikakhulukazi umfutho wegazi ophakeme ngokuzumayo, ukujuluka, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha kunokuzilahla njengento nje eyenzekayo.

Nakuba imbangela ye-paraganglioma ingaziwa kaningi, kunezici ezithile zofuzo ezingase zihileleke. Ngakho-ke uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba ne-paraganglioma noma i-pheochromocytoma, ukuhlolwa kofuzo kungakusiza ukuthola ingozi yakho nokuthi ungaba nezinye izinkinga zempilo yini. Uma unemibuzo ngalokhu, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Balapha ukuzokusiza.

I- Paranglioma, i-Paranglioma, i-Pheochromocytoma, amaseli e-Chromaffin, ama-Catecholamines, ama-Hormone, ama-Tumors, umdlavuza, izimpawu, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, izifo zofuzo