Kungenzeka ukuthi awukaze uzwe ngesifo se-Hib ngaphambili, kodwa uma kukhulunywa ngempilo yezingane zakho ezincane, ukuhlala unolwazi kubaluleke kakhulu. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi siyini ngempela isifo se-Hib, izingozi ezisibangelayo, nokuthi ungazivikela kanjani izingane zakho.
Iyini Isifo Se-Hib?
Kalula nje, i-Hib imele igama elithi `(Haemophilus Influenzae Type b)` , uhlobo lwebhaktheriya. Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale lilula, lingabangela izifo ezingathi sína kakhulu nezisongela ukuphila.
Nokho, kunezindaba ezinhle. Ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba, ikakhulukazi emazweni athuthukile, isifo se-Hib sesiyivelakancane kakhulu. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu `(umuthi wokugomela i-Hib)` . Lokho kusho ukuthi, ezindaweni lapho ukugomela kungatholakali kalula khona, i-Hib isalokhu iyinkinga enkulu yezempilo yomphakathi.
Ziyini izimpawu zesifo se-Hib?
Ake sibheke ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ongase uzibone ngesikhathi sokutheleleka kwe-Hib. Izimpawu zincike kakhulu ekutheni igciwane lithinte yiphi ingxenye yomzimba. Nazi izimo eziyinhloko ezibangelwa yi-Hib:
1. I-Meningitis
Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amagciwane ethelela ulwelwesi oluvikelayo olumboze ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla, isimo esaziwa ngokuthi `(Meningitis)` .
- Izimpawu: Umkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, intamo eqinile (ubunzima bokugoba intamo), kanye nokuhlanza kuvamile.
- Ezinsaneni: Ungase uqaphele `(Ukuquleka)` , ukungadli kahle, ukucasuka okukhulu, noma ukudinwa/ukozela okungavamile.
Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esisongela impilo . Uma ubona lezi zimpawu, sicela ufune usizo oluphuthumayo ngokushesha noma ushayele u-911.
2. I-Epiglottitis (Ukutheleleka okukhulu komphimbo)
Lesi yisimo sezokwelapha esibi kakhulu esaziwa ngokuthi (i-Epiglottitis) . Kulesi simo, ingxenye engenhla yomphimbo wakho (i-epiglottis) iyatheleleka futhi ivuvuke kakhulu.
- Izimpawu: Ungase ube nobunzima bokugwinya noma ukukhuluma. Kungenzeka ukuthi uvuza amathe, futhi ukuphefumula kungaba nzima kakhulu.
Lesi simo singasongela impilo uma singelashwa ngokushesha . Uma wena noma othile omaziyo ebonisa lezi zimpawu, funa usizo oluphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze noma ushayele u-911 ngokushesha.
3. I-pneumonia
Lokhu ukutheleleka okukhulu kwamaphaphu, okubizwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi (i-Pneumonia) .
- Izimpawu: Ungase ube nomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela okungapheli, kanye nobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula.
4. Ukutheleleka Kwesikhumba (i-Cellulitis)
Lokhu ukutheleleka kwesikhumba okubangelwa yibhaktheriya okwaziwa ngokuthi yi- (Cellulitis) .
- Izimpawu: Isikhumba siba bomvu, sibe buhlungu, futhi sivuvuke ngokubonakalayo.
5. Isifo samathambo
Lokhu kubhekisela ekuthelelekeni okungaphakathi kwelungu, okwaziwa ngokuthi (i-Arthritis) .
- Izimpawu: Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokubomvu esilungwini esithintekile.
6. Ukutheleleka kwendlebe
Lezi ziyimbangela evamile yobuhlungu bendlebe. Amagciwane e-Hib angaba ngelinye lamagciwane angaba yimbangela yalezi zifo.
Ukutheleleka Ngegazi (i-Bacteremia) kanye ne-Sepsis
Ngezinye izikhathi, amagciwane e-Hib angangena egazini lakho futhi asakazeke emzimbeni wakho wonke. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi (i-Bacteremia) . Izingane ezine-(i-Bacteremia) zingase zibe nomkhuhlane kuphela, noma zingase zibonakale zigula kakhulu.
Uma usesimweni se-(Bacteremia), noma yiziphi izimo ezishiwo ngenhla zingakhula, noma ungathuthukela esimweni esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-(Sepsis) . (Sepsis) ukusabela komzimba wakho ngokweqile ekuthelelekeni. Kungabangela umonakalo ezithweni ezibalulekile, futhi uma kungelashwa ngokushesha, kungaholela ekufeni.
Okubalulekile: Naphezu kwegama elithi 'Hib', lokhu akuyona i-influenza ('i-flu'). I-flu ibangelwa igciwane, kanti i-Hib iyigciwane.
Inkontileka ye-Hib iqhutshwa kanjani?
Amabhaktheriya e-Hib avame ukuhlala ngokungenangozi ekhaleni nasemphinjeni womuntu. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi angasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba futhi abangele izifo.
Uma umuntu ephethe i-Hib ekhaleni noma emphinjeni, angayisakaza kwabanye—hhayi nje kuphela lapho egula, kodwa ngisho noma engenazo nhlobo izimpawu . Isakaza ngamaconsi okuphefumula (amathe) akhishwa lapho ethimula noma ekhwehlela.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-Hib?
Nakuba i-Hib ingathinta noma ubani, labo abasengozini enkulu bahlanganisa:
- Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kulabo abangakawutholi umuthi wokugomela i-Hib noma abangakawuqedi uchungechunge lwabo oluphelele lwemithamo.
- Asebekhulile.
- Abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka (labo abanekhono eliphansi lokulwa nezifo). Izibonelo zifaka phakathi abantu abangenayo i-spleen (i-Asplenia), labo abanesifo se-sickle cell, abantu abane-HIV, noma iziguli zomdlavuza.
I-Hib itholakala kanjani?
Ukuze axilonge i-Hib, udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba futhi abukeze umlando wakho wezokwelapha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, angathatha amasampula egazi, uketshezi lomgogodla, noma olunye uketshezi lomzimba ukuze ahlolwe elebhu. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuqinisekisa ukuba khona kwamagciwane e-Hib.
Iphathwa kanjani i-Hib?
I-Hib yelashwa ngama- antibiotic (ama-antibiotic) ukubulala amagciwane. Lawa avame ukunikezwa nge-IV izinsuku eziningana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuye ngokuthi ukutheleleka kubucayi kangakanani (isib. (i-Meningitis) noma (i-Pneumonia)), udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ukunakekelwa okusekelayo, njengomoya-mpilo wezinkinga zokuphefumula noma uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni.
Ingabe i-Hib ingavinjelwa? Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu!
Yebo! Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela i-Hib ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho ithola (umuthi wokugomela i-Hib) ngesikhathi isencane . Lo muthi wokugomela usebenza kahle kakhulu futhi uyingxenye yesheduli yokugomela ejwayelekile emazweni amaningi.
Izingane ngokuvamile zithola lo muthi wokugoma ngemithamo eminingana:
- Ezinyangeni ezimbili
- Ezinyangeni ezi-4
- Ezinyangeni eziyi-6 (ezinye izinhlobo zingase zingadingi lo mthamo; udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ngokufanele)
- Kulandelwa umthamo wokukhulisa phakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-12-15 .
Uma ingane ingakayitholi (umuthi wokugomela i-Hib) noma ingakaqedi uchungechunge, kufanele igcinwe kude nanoma ubani osolwa ukuthi unegciwane le-Hib kuze kube yilapho imijovo yayo isiqediwe.
Uma ingane yakho ingazange ithole (umuthi wokugomela i-Hib) isencane, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Ngokuvamile, izingane ezinempilo ezingaphezu kweminyaka emi-5 azidingi umuthi wokugomela. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ezinganeni ezinezinkinga ezithile zesistimu yomzimba—njenge-Asplenia, isifo se-sickle cell, (HIV), noma umdlavuza—udokotela wakho angase akuncome umuthi wokugomela ngisho noma esemdala.
Yini enye okufanele uyazi? Ilethwe kuwe yiNirogi Lanka.
Uma ingane yakho ingakayitholi yonke imijovo ye-Hib futhi ikhombisa noma yiziphi izimpawu zesifo esihlobene ne-Hib (njengomkhuhlane ophakeme, intamo eqinile , noma ubunzima bokuphefumula), sicela uxhumane nodokotela wezingane ngokushesha . Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ingane yakho iba nomkhuhlane futhi usola ukuthi ibisondelene nomuntu otholakale enegciwane le-Hib, kungcono ukubonisana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole isiqondiso sochwepheshe.
Sicela ukhumbule, izinkinga ezithile ezibangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-Hib, ikakhulukazi i-Meningitis ne -Epiglottitis , ziyizimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha. Uma ingane yakho ihluleka ukuphefumula, ibonakala ikhathele kakhulu, noma ihlushwa yizithuthwane, ungalibali—shayela u-911 noma uyiyise eGumbini Lezimo Eziphuthumayo eliseduze (ER) ngokushesha.
Yiziphi izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele umndeni wakho?
Kalula nje, i-Hib iyigciwane elingaba yingozi ezinganeni ezincane. Kodwa-ke, ingavinjelwa kakhulu ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho ithola umuthi wokugomela i-Hib ngokuhambisana nesimiso esinconywayo . Hlola amarekhodi okugomela kwengane yakho bese uxoxa ngesimiso nodokotela wezingane ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho mithamo ephuthelwa. Impilo yengane yakho iyinto eyigugu kakhulu, akunjalo? Uma unokungabaza, ungalokothi unqikaze ukubuza udokotela wakho—inikeza isivikelo esingcono kakhulu kumntanakho. Kwa-Nirogi Lanka, silapha ukusekela uhambo lwezempilo lomndeni wakho.
Amagama angukhiye: Isifo se-Hib, uhlobo b lwe-Haemophilus influenzae, umuthi wokugomela i-Hib, i-Meningitis, i-Epiglottitis, Impilo yengane, Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane
