Ake sifunde kabanzi ngesifo se-Hib (i-Haemophilus Influenzae Type b)! Lezi zinto zibalulekile ekunakekeleni izingane zakho ezincane!

Kungenzeka ukuthi awukaze uzwe ngalesi sifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Hib. Kodwa uma kukhulunywa ngempilo yezingane zethu ezincane, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izinto ezinjengalezi. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi siyini lesi sifo se-Hib, singasibangela ini, nokuthi singabavikela kanjani abantwana bethu.

Iyini Isifo Se-Hib?

Kalula nje, i-Hib uhlobo lwebhaktheriya olubizwa ngokuthi `(Haemophilus Influenzae Type b)` . Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale njengegama elincane, ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela izifo ezimbi kakhulu nezisongela ukuphila.

Kodwa kunezindaba ezinhle. Manje emazweni amaningi, ikakhulukazi emazweni athuthukile njengeMelika, ukwanda kwe-Hib kuphansi kakhulu. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokho `(umuthi wokugomela i-Hib)` , okungukuthi, umuthi wokugomela onikezwa lokhu. Kodwa-ke, kwamanye amazwe lapho umuthi wokugomela ungavamile khona, i-Hib iseyinkinga enkulu yezempilo.

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo se-Hib?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezivezwa ukutheleleka kwe-Hib. Empeleni, lokhu kuncike ohlotsheni lwesifo esibangelwa yibhaktheriya ye-Hib. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimo eziyinhloko ezingase zenzeke:

1. I-Meningitis

Lokhu ukutheleleka kwezicubu ezizungeze ubuchopho nomgogodla. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi "i-Meningitis" .

• Izimpawu: Umkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, intamo eqinile (ubunzima bokugoba intamo), kanye nokuhlanza kungase kube khona.
• Kwabantwana abancane kakhulu: Bangase babe nokuxhuzula , bayeke ukuncelisa, ngokuzumayo babe nokukhathazeka okukhulu, noma balale kakhulu.

Lesi yisifo esingasongela impilo , ngakho-ke kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho ubona izimpawu.

2. Ukutheleleka okukhulu komphimbo (i-Epiglottitis)

Lesi futhi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu. Sibizwa ngokuthi `(Epiglottitis)` . Kulokhu, ingxenye engenhla ye-larynx (epiglottis) iyatheleleka futhi ivuvuke.

• Izimpawu: Ubunzima bokugwinya, ubunzima bokukhuluma. Amathe angase aconse, futhi ukuphefumula kungaba nzima kakhulu.

Lokhu kungaba yingozi empilweni uma kungelashwa ngokushesha . Ngakho-ke, uma unalezi zimpawu, kufanele ulaliswe esibhedlela ngokushesha.

3. I-pneumonia

Lokhu ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu, okungukuthi , `(i-pneumonia)` .

• Izimpawu: Umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula kungase kube khona.

4. Ukutheleleka kwesikhumba (i-Cellulitis)

Lokhu ukutheleleka kwesikhumba, esikubiza ngokuthi "i-Cellulitis" .

• Izimpawu: Indawo ethile yesikhumba iba bomvu futhi ivuvuke ngenxa yobuhlungu.

5. Isifo samathambo

Lokhu ukutheleleka kwamalunga, okungukuthi `(Arthritis)` .

• Izimpawu: Kungase kube nobuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokubomvu emalungeni.

6. Ukutheleleka kwendlebe

Lezi yizimbangela ezivamile zobuhlungu bendlebe. Amagciwane e-Hib angabangela nokutheleleka kwendlebe.

I-Bacteremia kanye ne-Sepsis

Ngezinye izikhathi igciwane le-Hib lingaba segazini kuphela. Bese lingahamba egazini emzimbeni wonke. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi `(Bacteremia)` . Izingane ezine `(Bacteremia)` zingase zibe nomkhuhlane kuphela, noma zingase zibonakale zigula kakhulu.

Lesi simo `(Bacteremia)` singaholela kunoma yisiphi sezifo ezishiwo ngenhla, noma singaholela esimweni esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi `(Sepsis) ``(Sepsis)` ukusabela okukhulu komzimba wonke ekuthelelekeni. Lokhu kungalimaza izitho eziningi zomzimba futhi kubangele nokufa uma kungelashwa ngokushesha .

Okubalulekile: Naphezu kwegama elithi Hib, alibangeli umkhuhlane, 'umkhuhlane' esivame ukuwubiza ngokuthi 'umkhuhlane'. 'Umkhuhlane' ubangelwa yigciwane, kanti iHib iyigciwane.

Isifo se-Hib sikhula kanjani?

Kulungile, manje ake sibheke ukuthi i-Hib isakazeka kanjani. Esikhathini esiningi, amagciwane e-Hib ahlala ekhaleni nasemphinjeni womuntu ngaphandle kokubangela izinkinga. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, amagciwane angasakazeka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba futhi abangele ukugula.

Uma umuntu one-Hib enaleli gciwane emakhaleni nasemphinjeni, angalisabalalisa komunye umuntu. Lokhu kungenzeka hhayi kuphela uma ene-Hib, kodwa futhi uma engenazo izimpawu . Lisakazeka kanjani? Uma ethimula noma ekhwehlela, akhipha amathe (`amathe`) emlonyeni noma ekhaleni.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthola isifo se-Hib?

Nakuba isifo se-Hib singathinta noma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala, uyazi ukuthi ubani osengozini enkulu?

• Kubantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala. Ikakhulukazi kubantwana abangakawutholi umuthi wokugomela i-Hib, okungukuthi, kubantwana abangakawuqedi wonke umthamo womuthi wokugomela.
• Kwasebekhulile.
• Abantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka (okungukuthi labo abanokumelana okuncane nezifo). Isibonelo, abantu abangenayo i-spleen (`Asplenia`), abantu abanesifo se-sickle cell (`isifo se-Sickle cell`), abantu abane-`(HIV)`, kanye nabantu abanomdlavuza.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi unesifo se-Hib?

Udokotela uyixilonga kanjani i-Hib? Udokotela uvame ukuhlola ingane yakho futhi abuze ngezimpawu zayo. Bangase futhi bathathe isampula encane yegazi, uketshezi lomgogodla, noma olunye uketshezi lomzimba bese beluthumela ukuze luhlolwe. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi akhona yini amabhaktheriya e-Hib.

Isifo se-Hib siphathwa kanjani?

Uma ubheka indlela yokwelapha isifo se-Hib, odokotela basinika "(Ama-antibiotic)", okungukuthi, imithi ebulala amagciwane. Lawa `(Ama-antibiotic)` avame ukunikezwa ngemithambo yegazi (`IV`) izinsuku eziningana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuye ngesifo esibangelwa ukutheleleka yi-Hib (isb. `(Meningitis)`, `(Pneumonia)`), nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezisekelayo nazo ziyanikezwa. Isibonelo, uma kunobunzima bokuphefumula, kunikezwa umoya-mpilo kanye noketshezi.

Ingabe isifo se-Hib singavinjelwa? Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu!

Yebo! Indlela eyinhloko nephumelela kakhulu ukunikeza izingane zethu `(umuthi wokugomela i-Hib)` ngesikhathi zisencane, okungukuthi, ukuzinika umuthi wokugomela ngendlela efanele . Lo muthi wokugomela usebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi ufakiwe ohlelweni lokugomela olujwayelekile emazweni amaningi.

Lo mjovo uvame ukunikezwa izingane ngemithamo eminingana:

• Ezinyangeni ezimbili
• Ezinyangeni ezi-4
• Ezinyangeni eziyi-6 (eminye imijovo ayidingi lo mthamo wezinyanga eziyi-6, udokotela wakho uzokutshela lokho)
• Bese kuba khona omunye umthamo wokukhulisa onikezwayo phakathi kweminyaka eyi-12-15 .

Uma ingane ingakanikwa umuthi wokugomela i-Hib, noma ingakaqedi yonke imithamo, ingane kufanele igcinwe kude nanoma ubani ongase abe nesifo se-Hib kuze kube yilapho yonke imithamo isinikeziwe.

Uma ingane yakho ingazange ithole umuthi wokugomela i-Hib iseyingane, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Ngokuvamile, izingane ezinempilo ezingaphezu kweminyaka emi-5 azidingi lo muthi wokugomela. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, izingane ezinezinkinga ezithile zesistimu yomzimba, njengesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-asplenia, isifo se-sickle cell, ukutheleleka nge-HIV, noma umdlavuza, zinganconywa kulo muthi wokugomela ngisho noma sezikhulile.

Yini enye ofuna ukuyazi?

Uma ingane yakho ingakagonyelwa ngokuphelele i-Hib futhi ikhombisa izimpawu zesifo se-Hib (isib. umkhuhlane ophakeme, intamo eqinile , ubunzima bokuphefumula), shayela udokotela ngokushesha . Futhi, uma ingane yakho inomkhuhlane futhi ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ibisondelene nomuntu onesifo se-Hib, kusengumqondo omuhle ukushayela udokotela ucingo ukuze uthole iseluleko.

Khumbula, ezinye zezifo ezibangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-Hib, ikakhulukazi i-meningitis kanye ne-epiglottitis, ziyizimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha. Uma ingane yakho inenkinga yokuphefumula, ilala kakhulu, inesithuthwane, noma inezinye izimpawu ezinkulu, shayela u-911 ngokushesha noma uyiyise ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo (ER) esibhedlela esiseduze.

Yimuphi umyalezo esifuna ukuwuthatha ekhaya kule ndaba?

Kalula nje, i-Hib iyigciwane elingaba yingozi ezinganeni ezincane. Kodwa-ke, ingavinjelwa kakhulu ngokuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Hib ngesikhathi esibekiwe.Ngakho-ke, hlola incwadi yokugoma yengane yakho, khuluma nodokotela wezingane mayelana nesimiso sokugoma, futhi ungakhohlwa ukubanika imijovo ngesikhathi. Ngoba, impilo yezingane zethu iyinto ebaluleke kakhulu kithi, akunjalo? Uma unokungabaza, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela. Lokho kuzokunikeza isivikelo esikhulu kuwe nakumntwana wakho omncane.

Isifo se - Hib, uhlobo b lwe-Haemophilus influenzae, umuthi wokugomela i-Hib, i-meningitis, i-epiglottitis, impilo yengane, ukutheleleka ngamagciwane