Ingabe singakhuluma ngokuhlolwa kwe-amniocentesis ukuze sithole impilo yengane?

Njengoba wazi, odokotela benza izivivinyo ezahlukene ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wena nomntwana wakho niphilile. Ngezinye izikhathi, badinga ukwenza izivivinyo ezikhethekile ukuze babheke ngokujulile impilo yomntwana. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuhlolwa abantu abaningi abake bezwa ngakho, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kungaba okwesabisa kancane - lokho kuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-amniocentesis. Nakuba kungase kwesabise kancane ukuzwa ngakho, uma sazi kahle ukuthi kuyini, lokho kwesaba kuyancipha kakhulu.

Kuyini i-amniocentesis, ngamagama alula...

Kalula nje, okwenzekayo ukuthi kukhona uketshezi olunamanzi oluzungeze ingane yakho, esilubiza ngokuthi 'uketshezi lwe-amniotic', bese kuthathwa isampula encane yalolo ketshezi bese ihlolwa. Cabanga nje, ingane ifana nebhaluni eligcwele amanzi. Ngakho-ke kulawo manzi kukhona amaseli awile esikhumbeni somntwana, izinto ezifana nokungcola komntwana. Lawa maseli aqukethe lonke ulwazi lofuzo lomntwana. Ngakho-ke ngokuhlola lolu ketshezi, singathola izinto eziningi, njengokuthi ingane inayo yini izinkinga zofuzo, noma ukuthi kukhona yini izinguquko kuma-chromosome, noma ukuthi kukhona yini amaphutha ekuthuthukisweni kwesimiso sezinzwa (amaphutha e-neural tube). Lokhu kufana nomphenyi othola into enkulu enobufakazi obuncane.

Kungani kwenziwa lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-amniocentesis? Kufunani?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi kungani kwenziwa lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-amniocentesis, nokuthi kubheka ini. Lokhu akulona nje ukuhlolwa okwenziwa yiwo wonke umuntu. Odokotela bakuncoma ngezizathu eziningana ezithile.

Ngesikhathi se-trimester yesibili yokukhulelwa

Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa ku-trimester yesibili yokukhulelwa, phakathi kwamasonto angu-15 no-20. Izinto eziyinhloko ezibhekwayo yilezi:

• Ukukhubazeka kwe-chromosome njenge-Down syndrome: Ingabe kukhona yini izinguquko kuma-chromosome ezingathinta intuthuko kanye nokuhlakanipha kwengane.
• Ukukhubazeka kwesakhiwo: Isibonelo, izimo ezifana ne-spina bifida, okuyinkinga yemizwa emgogodleni.
• Izinkinga ze-metabolic ezizuzwe njengefa: Ngezinye izikhathi kunezifo ezidluliselwa emndenini kuya emndenini, ezibangelwa ukuntuleka okuthile kwezinqubo zamakhemikhali zomzimba. Isibonelo `(PKU - phenylketonuria)`.

Ukuhlonza izimo ezinjalo kusenesikhathi kuwusizo olukhulu kubazali ukuze balungele ngokwengqondo futhi bahlele ukwelashwa okukhethekile okudingekayo kumntwana kusenesikhathi.

Ku-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa

Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa kamuva ekukhulelweni, okungukuthi, ku-trimester yesithathu . Bese kubhekwa ezinye izinto ezimbalwa:

• Ingabe ingane inesifo?Ngezinye izikhathi ukutheleleka kumama kungathinta nomntwana.
• Ukungavumelani kwe-Rh: Ingabe zikhona izinkinga ezibangelwa ukungavumelani phakathi kwezinhlobo zegazi likamama nelomntwana?
• Ukuthi amaphaphu omntwana avuthiwe yini: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma umntwana kufanele abelethwe kusenesikhathi, lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukuhlola ukuthi amaphaphu omntwana akhule ngokwanele yini ukuba aphefumulele yedwa emoyeni ovulekile (ukuvuthwa kwamaphaphu).

Cabanga nje, uma amanzi kamama ephuma kusenesikhathi, odokotela bangenza lolu vivinyo ukuze babone ukuthi amaphaphu engane ayakhula yini bese benquma ukuthi bazolibazisa noma baphuthumise ukubeletha.

Ingabe ngidinga ukuhlolwa kwe-amniocentesis?

Lona umbuzo obuzwa omama abaningi. Akuwona wonke umuntu odinga ukwenziwa lokhu. Udokotela wakho angancoma lokhu kuhlolwa ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Uma uke waba nanoma yikuphi ukukhubazeka emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwangaphambilini (uma kukhona ukusolakala kwezinkinga zofuzo, ze-chromosome noma ze-neurological).
• Uma uneminyaka engu-35 noma ngaphezulu , ingozi yakho yokuthola ezinye izifo zofuzo iyanda kancane njengoba ukhula.
• Uma kukhona emndenini wakho noma emndenini womyeni wakho oke waba nesifo sofuzo esinjengalesi ngaphambili.
• Uma uke waba nengane enesifo sokuzalwa ngaphambilini , noma uma uke waba nokukhubazeka kwe-chromosome noma i-neural tube defect ekukhulelweni kwangaphambilini.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kunembe kakhulu – kungakunikeza imiphumela enembile cishe ngo-99%. Kodwa-ke, ayikwazi ukubona zonke izimo, zimbalwa kuphela ezikhethiwe. Futhi kunengozi encane kakhulu . Ithuba lokuphuphuma kwesisu kuthiwa liyi-1 kwabangu-300 noma i-1 kwabangu-500. Lokho kuphansi kakhulu, kodwa hhayi ngaphandle kwengozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunethuba elincane kakhulu lokutheleleka kwesibeletho, ukuvuza okuncane koketshezi lwe-amniotic, noma ukulimala okuncane enganeni. Ukuzwa ngalezi zingozi kungaba yinto eyesabekayo, kodwa lokho kuvamile.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma udokotela wakho ekuncoma lokhu kuhlolwa, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngezinzuzo nezingozi (okungukuthi, izinzuzo nezingozi) zokukwenza, nokulalela nokucacisa yonke imibuzo yakho ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza nakanjani ukuthi wenze isinqumo osiqondayo futhi okhululekile ngaso.

Kwenziwa kanjani ngempela lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-amniocentesis? Angazi ukuthi kubuhlungu yini, akunjalo?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa kanjani. Uvukile ngenkathi wenza lokhu.

Okokuqala, udokotela usebenzisa isithwebuli se-ultrasound ukubheka isisu sakho ukuze abone kahle ukuthi umntwana ukuphi, ukuthi i-placenta ikuphi, nokuthi uketshezi lwe-amniotic lukuphi phezulu kakhulu. Lokhu kufana nokubuka i-TV.

Ngemuva kwalokho, ngemva kokuhlanza isikhumba esiswini sakho, kufakwa inaliti ende nencane kakhulu.Inaliti ifakwa ngesisu iye esibelethweni. Lokhu kwenziwa ngaphansi kwesiqondiso se-ultrasound esiqhubekayo, ukuze inaliti ibekwe lapho uketshezi lukhona khona, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ingane. Bese kuthi, cishe ithisipuni (cishe i-ounce elilodwa) loketshezi lwe-amniotic lukhishwe ngesirinji.

Abanye omama bangase bazizwe bebuhlungu noma bebuhlungu kancane njengoba inaliti ingena esibelethweni. Bangase futhi bazizwe becindezelekile kancane lapho uketshezi lukhishwa. Kodwa abantu abaningi abazizwa ubuhlungu obukhulu.

Ngemva kokuphela kokuhlolwa, udokotela uzohlola ukushaya kwenhliziyo yengane futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle. Esikhathini esiningi, odokotela bazokutshela ukuthi uphumule amahora ambalwa . Kungcono ukuya ekhaya uphumule usuku lonke.

Amaseli engane kusampula yoketshezi akhuliswa ngendlela ekhethekile elabhorethri futhi ahlolwe "esikhungweni samaseli." Ukuhlolwa okwenziwayo kuzoncika ezintweni ezifana nomlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho.

Lolu vivinyo lwenziwa nini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

I-Amniocentesis ivame ukwenziwa phakathi kwamasonto ayi-15 nama-20 okukhulelwa, ngokuvamile ku-trimester yesibili. Kodwa-ke, njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, ingenziwa kamuva, noma kamuva ekukhulelweni, uma kudingeka.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi imiphumela ifike?

Lona futhi umbuzo ovamile. Isikhathi esithathayo ukuze imiphumela ibuye sincike ekutheni hlobo luni lokuhlolwa okwenziwayo. Ngokuvamile, imiphumela yofuzo noma ye-chromosome ithatha cishe isonto noma amabili . Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuvuthwa kwamaphaphu, okuyizivivinyo ezibheka ukukhula kwamaphaphu engane, ingatholakala emahoreni ambalwa. Lapho imiphumela ibuya, udokotela uzokhuluma nawe ngokuningiliziwe.

Nazi izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sesikhulume kakhulu ngokuhlolwa kwe-amniocentesis. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule:

• I-Amniocentesis ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kokuxilonga okusetshenziselwa ukuthola impilo yengane, ikakhulukazi izimo zofuzo.
• Lokhu akulona ukuhlolwa kwawo wonke umuntu. Odokotela bakuncoma ngezizathu ezithile .
• Akukho bungozi obukhulu ngokuhlolwa, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngokucophelela futhi uqonde kokubili izinzuzo nezingozi ngaphambi kokunquma ukuthi kufanele kwenziwe noma cha.
• Ungesabi indlela ukuhlolwa okwenziwa ngayo. Kwenziwa ngokucophelela okukhulu, kusetshenziswa i-ultrasound.
• Uma imiphumela isifikile, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngayo bese ubuza noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo.

Khumbula, lezi zivivinyo zikhona ukuze zikusize wena nomntwana wakho. Ngakho-ke, ungesabi ukukhuluma ngalokhu, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile, bese wenza isinqumo esifanele wena. Awuwedwa, futhi bakhona odokotela abangakusiza.

'I-Amniocentesis, ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa, ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa, izifo zofuzo, ukukhubazeka kwe-chromosome, ukuphazamiseka kwe-chromosome, i-Down syndrome, i-spina bifida, impilo yokukhulelwa