Ingabe uvame ukuthola umkhuhlane nezifo ezibangela ubuhlungu emzimbeni wakho? Noma uke wezwa igama elithi 'antiviral' ngesikhathi sobhubhane lwe-COVID-19? Cishe sonke sijwayelene 'nama-antibiotic'. Ngisho noma sikhwehlela kancane noma sibuhlungu umphimbo, abanye abantu bathatha ama-antibiotic ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela. Kodwa iyini ngempela le 'antiviral'? Ake sithole namuhla ukuthi ibaluleke kangakanani le mithi emizimbeni yethu nokuthi isetshenziswa kanjani.
Iyini ngempela le mithi yokulwa namagciwane?
Kalula nje, imithi yokulwa namagciwane uhlobo olukhethekile lomuthi olusiza umzimba wethu ukulwa nokunqoba amagciwane athile angena emizimbeni yethu. Afana namandla akhethekile asiza amasosha omzimba wethu.
Futhi kukhona okunye okubalulekile ngale mithi. Okusho ukuthi, ingasebenza njengesivikelo . Okusho ukuthi, iyasisiza ekusivikeleni ekutholeni izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane futhi isivimbele ekusakazeni igciwane kwabanye uma sinalo. Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi babiza lokhu kwelashwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa ngama-antiviral.
Yiziphi izifo ezisetshenziswa yimithi yokulwa namagciwane?
Akuzona zonke izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ozitholayo ezidinga imithi yokulwa namagciwane. Isibonelo, izifo eziningi ezibangelwa amagciwane, njengomkhuhlane ovamile, ziyaphela ngokwazo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphandle kwemithi.
Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane zingaba yingozi empilweni noma zibe yizifo ezingamahlalakhona . Odokotela banikeza imithi yokulwa namagciwane yokwelapha izifo ezinjalo ezingathi sína.
Bheka ithebula elingezansi ukuthola ezinye zalezi zifo.
| Igama lokutheleleka ngegciwane | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Coronavirus (isb. i-COVID-19) | Ukutheleleka okuthinta uhlelo lokuphefumula futhi kusakazeke njengobhubhane. |
| I-Ebola | Ukutheleleka ngegciwane okubi kakhulu, okungaba yingozi. |
| Umkhuhlane (Umkhuhlane) - okuhlanganisa i-H1N1 (umkhuhlane wezingulube) | Umkhuhlane ovamile phakathi kwethu. Ezinye izinhlobo zingaba zimbi kakhulu. |
| I-Herpes | Ukutheleleka impilo yonke okubangela amabhamuza esikhumbeni nasezithweni zangasese. |
| I-Hepatitis B kanye ne-C | Ukutheleleka okungapheli kwamagciwane okulimaza isibindi. |
| Igciwane le-HIV (i-HIV) | Igciwane elihlasela amasosha omzimba futhi libangele ingculazi. |
| I-Mpox | Ukutheleleka ngegciwane okubangela amabhamuza esikhumbeni futhi okubonisa izimpawu ezifana ne-chickenpox. |
Le mithi yokulwa namagciwane isebenza kanjani emizimbeni yethu?
Le mithi ifana nezinhloli ezihlakaniphile. Isebenzisa izindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zokulwa namagciwane emizimbeni yethu.
1. Ukukhiya iminyango evumela igciwane ukuthi lingene emaseli: Cabanga ngegciwane njengesela, kanye namaseli anempilo emzimbeni wethu njengezindlu. Ukuze lingene endlini, leli sela lidinga imbobo yokhiye (i-receptor) emnyango. Eminye imithi yokulwa namagciwane isebenza ngokuvala le mbobo yokhiye. Ngemuva kwalokho igciwane alikwazi ukungena emaseli bese lisakaza lesi sifo.
2. Ukunikeza amasosha ethu omzimba amandla engeziwe: Sinebutho lokuzivikela emizimbeni yethu elilwa namagciwane. Lelo yibutho lethu lokuzivikela. Eminye imithi yokulwa namagciwane inikeza leli butho amandla engeziwe, usizo. Kufana nokunikeza ibutho lethu izikhali ezinamandla kakhudlwana.
3. Ukunciphisa inani legciwane emzimbeni: Uma amagciwane engena emzimbeni, asakazeka ngokushesha okukhulu, okungukuthi, ayanda. Inani legciwane elisebenzayo emzimbeni libizwa ngokuthi 'umthwalo wegciwane' . Into eyinhloko eyenziwa yimithi yokulwa namagciwane ukunciphisa isivinini la magciwane asakazeka ngaso. Bese inani legciwane emzimbeni liyancipha, okwenza kube lula ukuthi amasosha ethu omzimba alawule lesi sifo.
Singawuthola kanjani lo muthi?
Esikhathini esiningi, sithola imithi yokulwa namagciwane ngendlela yamaphilisi. Kodwa-ke, kuye ngohlobo lwesifo, le mithi ithunyelwa emzimbeni ngezindlela ezahlukene.
- Amaphilisi: Amaphilisi avamile agwinywa ngomlomo.
- Amaconsi Eso: Ukwelapha izifo zamehlo ezibangelwa amagciwane.
- Impuphu ephefumulayo: Yezifo zomgudu wokuphefumula.
- Imijovo Yezinsini: Imijovo ejovwa ngqo emisipheni.
- Uketshezi olufakwa ngemithambo yegazi (ukufakwa kwe-IV): Lufakwa emzimbeni ngemithambo yegazi, njengosawoti.
- Okhilimu bokugcotshwa: Ngezifo zesikhumba ezifana ne-herpes.
Ingabe imithi yokulwa namagciwane ingayiqeda ngokuphelele imishanguzo yegciwane?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abanawo. Impendulo ithi, "Kuya ngohlobo lokutheleleka ngegciwane onalo."
- Izifo ezingelapheka ngokuphelele: Amanye amagciwane, isibonelo, umkhuhlane kanye ne-Ebola, angasuswa ngokuphelele emizimbeni yethu futhi alashwe ngale mithi.
- Izifo ezingelapheki: Kodwa amagciwane afana ne-HIV, i-hepatitis, kanye ne-herpes ahlukile kancane. Uma esengene emzimbeni, awakwazi ukususwa ngokuphelele. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Imithi yokulwa namagciwane isebenza ngokufaka la magciwane esimweni 'esicashile' . Lokhu kusho ukuthi yize igciwane lisesemzimbeni, liyayeka ukubangela izimpawu futhi lisakaze kwabanye. Kufana nokubeka umuntu onenkinga yokulala. Abantu abanalezi zifo kungadingeka baphuze imithi impilo yabo yonke.
Ingabe lo muthi uphephile? Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi?
Yebo, lezi ziphephile kakhulu uma uzithatha njengoba nje udokotela ekuyalele. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha umthamo oqondile, ngesikhathi esiqondile, kanye nenani eliqondile lezinsuku udokotela akutshele zona.
Kufanele futhi utshele udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi, amavithamini, noma izithasiselo zamakhambi ozithathayo, njengoba eminye imithi ingabangela izinkinga uma ithathwa ndawonye.
Masiqaphele nemiphumela emibi.
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, imithi yokulwa namagciwane ingabangela imiphumela emibi emincane kwabanye abantu. Lokhu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lomuthi kanye nomthamo.
- Ukukhwehlela
- Umlomo owomile
- Isisu esibuhlungu, isifo sohudo
- Isiyezi
- Ukukhathala
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Ukungalali
- Ubuhlungu bamalunga
- Ubuhlungu bemisipha
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, noma ngabe uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi, ungayeki ukuthatha umuthi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho. Uma weqa imithamo, yeka ukuyithatha, bese uqala futhi, igciwane lingajwayela umuthi. Khona-ke, noma ngabe uwuphinda futhi, igciwane ngeke liphele. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'ukumelana negciwane'.
Uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi kakhulu, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Angase ashintshe umthamo noma akunikeze omunye umuthi.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-antiviral kanye ne-antibiotic?
Yilapho abantu abaningi bedideka khona. Nakuba zombili lezi ziyimithi yokwelapha izifo, zinemisebenzi ehlukene.
| Isici | I-antiviral | Ama-antibiotic |
|---|---|---|
| Ubani olwayo? | Kuphela ngamagciwane. | Kuphela ngamagciwane. |
| Izimo zokusetshenziswa | Ngezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezifana nomkhuhlane (i-Flu), i-COVID-19, i-HIV, i-herpes. | Ukutheleleka komphimbo ngamagciwane, ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo, ukutheleleka kwesikhumba ngamagciwane. |
| Iphuzu elibalulekile | Akusebenzi ekuthelelekeni ngamagciwane. | Akusebenzi ezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane (isib. imikhuhlane). |
Yingakho ukuthatha ama-antibiotics esifo esibangelwa yigciwane njengomkhuhlane kungasebenzi. Ukusebenzisa ama-antibiotics kubulala ngokungadingekile amabhaktheriya amahle emzimbeni futhi kudala amabhaktheriya amabi amelana nemithi.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma uthatha imithi yokulwa namagciwane, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela udokotela wakho njengoba kuyalelwe. Ikakhulukazi uma welashwa ngesimo sesikhathi eside njenge-HIV, kufanele ubonane nodokotela wakho njalo ukuze ahlolwe njalo.
Futhi okunye,
- Uma imiphumela emibi oyizwayo inzima kakhulu.
- Uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu noma kuvela izimpawu ezintsha.
Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Uyazi umzimba wakho kangcono kunanoma ubani omunye. Uma uzizwa uhlukile, ungajwayelekile, noma ungakhululekile, ungesabi ukutshela udokotela wakho. Uzokunikeza ukwelashwa neseluleko osidingayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Imithi yokulwa namagciwane imithi enikezwa izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ama-antibiotic imithi enikezwa izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ungazididanisi zombili.
- Njalo thatha imithi yokulwa namagciwane kuphela uma unikezwe udokotela, ngesilinganiso esiqondile kanye nesikhathi esiqondile asincomayo.
- Ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono noma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi, ungayeki ukuthatha imithi ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela ukuthi igciwane limelane nemithi.
- Eminye imithi yokulwa namagciwane iyayelapha ngokuphelele lesifo, kanti eminye isiza ekulawuleni izifo ezifana ne-HIV impilo yonke.
- Lena eminye yemithi enamandla kakhulu futhi esindisa impilo ohlelweni lwethu lwezempilo. Ngakho-ke, kungumsebenzi wethu ukuyisebenzisa ngendlela efanele nangokuzibophezela.
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