Uyazazi i-PCD? (I-Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia) Ake sixoxe ngalesi simo esingavamile!

Wake wezwa ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia' noma '(Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia - PCD)'? Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale lingavamile, lesi yisimo esingavamile, kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu esithinta uhlelo lwethu lokuphefumula kanye nezinye izinqubo zomzimba. Ngokuvamile kuyinto ekhona lapho kuzalwa. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngale PCD ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Iyini i-primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD)?

Kalula nje, i-PCD yisimo esenzeka lapho izakhiwo ezincane ezifana nezinwele emzimbeni wethu ezibizwa ngokuthi i-cilia zingasebenzi kahle . Lezi zi-cilia zincane kangangokuthi azibonakali emehlweni ethu. Cabanga ukuthi lezi zi-cilia zisebenza njengemishanelo emincane endleleni yethu yokuphefumula, okungukuthi, ezindaweni ezifana nekhala, umphimbo, namaphaphu.

Ngakho-ke lezi cilia zenzani?

Lezi zakhiwo ezincane ezifana nezinwele ezibizwa ngokuthi i-cilia azitholakali nje kuphela ohlelweni lwethu lokuphefumula, kodwa nakwezinye izindawo. Umsebenzi wazo oyinhloko ukuhlanza izinto ezingafuneki njengezifo nothuli olungena emizimbeni yethu, kanye ne-mucus eqoqana emzimbeni . Lokhu bakwenza ngokunyakaza njengegagasi. Akukhona lokho kuphela, lapho umntwana ekhula esibelethweni, lezi zi-cilia zisiza nezitho zomntwana ukuba zibe sezindaweni ezifanele.

Ngakho-ke, okwenzekayo kumuntu one-PCD ukuthi la ma-cilia awasebenzi kahle. Lokho kusho ukuthi:

• Mhlawumbe lobukhulu be-cilia abulungile .
• Ukuma kwazo kungase kungavamile .
• Mhlawumbe i-cilia izonyamalala .
• Noma, zingahambahamba njengokungathi ziyahlanya, ngaphandle kokuxhumana .
• Noma kungase kunganyakazi nhlobo .

Sigula kanjani ngenxa ye-cilia engasebenzi kahle?

Uma la ma-cilia engasebenzi kahle, kungavela izinkinga zempilo ezahlukahlukene. Ezinye ziqala ekuzalweni, kanti ezinye zingase zivele kamuva ekuphileni.

• Isimo esingavamile sezitho: Cabanga nje, izitho ezifana nenhliziyo yethu, amaphaphu, udende, njll. zitholakala kolunye uhlangothi esikhundleni sokudla. Ngezinye izikhathi, okufanele kube ngakwesokudla kungaba ngakwesobunxele. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ``Situs Inversus`` . Ngezinye izikhathi, izitho zingaphendulwa ngokuphelele ziye ohlangothini olungalungile. Lokhu kungenzeka futhi uma lezo zi-cilia zingasebenzi kahle.
• Isifo sokuphefumula esingapheli nesinzima: Lena yinkinga enkulu ye-PCD. Uma i-cilia ingakwazi ukukhipha i-mucus, i-mucus iqoqana emaphashini nasemigwaqweni yomoya. Lokhu kuholela ekukhwehleleni njalo, ukuminyana kwesifuba, kanye nokutheleleka okukhulu . Lokhu kungalimaza namaphaphu.
• Izinkinga Zokuzala: Amadoda ane-PCD avame ukuba nobunzima bokuzala abantwana, okusho ukuthi angase angabi nabantwana . Abesifazane bangaba nezinkinga ezinkulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, njengokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic (lapho umbungu ufakwa ngaphandle kwesibeletho).Kungenzeka.

Yini ebangela i-PCD?

Lesi yisimo sofuzo . Okusho ukuthi, sibangelwa izinguquko ezithile noma izinguquko ezakhiweni zofuzo ezidluliselwa kusuka kumzali kuya enganeni. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezibangela lesi sifo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-primary ciliary dyskinesia?

Izimpawu zivame ukubonakala ekuzalweni, futhi zingase zande kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izimpawu ze-PCD ezingabonakala lapho kuzalwa:

• Ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula : Ingane ingaba nobunzima bokuphefumula ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa.
• Ukuminyana kwamakhala : Ikhala lakho lingase lizwakale livalekile njalo.
• Ukukhwehlela okumanzi okuqhubekayo : Ukukhwehlela okukhiqiza amafinyila kungase kuqhubeke.
• Indawo engavamile yezitho zomzimba (i-heterotaxia) : Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, izitho zomzimba zingase zibe sendaweni engafanele, ezinye izitho zingase zilahleke, noma zingase zingakhuli kahle. I-Situs inversus ingenye isimo esinjalo.
• Ngezinye izikhathi isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso .
• Ukulahlekelwa yi-inflation yamaphaphu (i-atelectasis) .
• Ukukhula okufana ne-cyst ezithweni zomzimba njengezinso kanye ne-pancreas.
• Ukuntuleka kwama-antibody (ukuntuleka kwama-humoral (ama-antibody)), okungaholela ekwandeni kwengozi yokutheleleka kwamaphaphu nama-sinus.

Izimpawu ze-PCD eziqhubekayo:

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ungabona izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukukhwehlela okungapheli : Ukukhwehlela okungapheli.
• I-sinusitis engapheli : Izinkinga ezivame ukwenzeka ze-sinus.
• Ukutheleleka kwendlebe : Ukutheleleka kwendlebe okuvamile, ukuphuma koketshezi ezindlebeni.
• Uketshezi oluningi kanye ne-phlegm .
• Ukungazali (ikakhulukazi kwabesilisa).
• Ama-polyp ekhala .
• Ukwenzeka njalo kwe-pneumonia enzima .
• Izifo zokuphefumula ezivame ukwenzeka .
• Ngezinye izikhathi kuba nokunqwabelana kwamanzi ebuchosheni (i-hydrocephalus).

Itholakala kanjani i-primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD)?

Empeleni, ukuxilonga lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokuqinisekile ngokuhlolwa okukodwa nje ukuthi yi-PCD. Odokotela bafinyelela esiphethweni ngalokhu ngemuva kokwenza izivivinyo eziningana ezahlukene.

• Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kanye nomlando wezokwelapha: Okokuqala, udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini emndenini wakho oke waba nezimo ezifanayo.
• I-Cilia biopsy: Kuthathwa ingxenye encane yezicubu ekhaleni noma emaphashini bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lokhu kusenza sibone ukuma, ubukhulu, kanye nokunyakaza kwe-cilia.
• Ukuhlolwa kofuzo:Lolu vivinyo lubheka izinguquko zofuzo ezihlobene ne-PCD. Kodwa-ke, kungase kungenzeki ukuthola lezi zinguquko zofuzo kuwo wonke umuntu one-PCD.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ezinye izivivinyo zingenziwa uma kusolwa ukuthi i-PCD inesifo:

• Ukulinganisa i-nitric oxide yamakhala ephumayo: Idivayisi ekhethekile ilinganisa izinga legesi ebizwa ngokuthi i-nitric oxide emoyeni esiwukhiphayo. Abantu abane-PCD banamazinga aphansi kakhulu ale gesi.
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu: Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlola ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani nokuthi unenkinga yokuphefumula yini.
• I-video microscopy: Isampula ye-cilia ithathwa futhi ibukwe nge-microscope efakwe ikhamera yevidiyo enamandla amakhulu. Lokhu kuvumela i-cilia ukuthi ibonwe ngokuhamba kancane, okuvumela ukutadisha ngokunembile umsebenzi wayo.

Iphathwa kanjani i-primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD)?

Ngeshwa, alikho ikhambi le-PCD okwamanje . Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezingasiza ekulawuleni lesi sifo, ukunciphisa izimpawu, nokwenza impilo ibe lula kancane.

Umgomo oyinhloko ukususa amafinyila noketshezi oluqongeleleka emaphashini . Lokhu kwenziwa ngokwenza izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Ukuhlanza umoya: Umshini okhethekile usiza ukukhulula nokususa amafinyila. Kukhona futhi namasu akhethekile okukhwehlela asiza ukuhlanza amafinyila.
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba esifubeni: Abanye abantu basebenzisa ithuluzi elifana nevesti elithinta isifuba kancane. Lokhu kusiza ukukhulula ulwelwesi futhi kusize ukuthi luphume.
• Amapayipi endlebe: Uma unesifo sendlebe esivame ukuhlasela, amapayipi amancane angafakwa e-eardrum ukuze kukhishwe uketshezi oluqongelela endlebeni ephakathi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithi efana nale inikezwa ukulawula izifo nokuvuvukala:

• Ama-antibiotic: Lawa anikezwa ukulawula ukutheleleka ngamagciwane emzimbeni. Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, ama-antibiotic angadinga ukunikezwa ngemithambo yegazi.
• I-Azithromycin: Lona umuthi osiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala emaphashini, futhi ngezinye izikhathi uthathwa nsuku zonke.
• Ama-Bronchodilator: Imithi efana ne-albuterol. Lokhu kwenza izindlela zokuphefumula zibe zibanzi kancane, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumula.
• Ama-Corticosteroids: Lawa alawula ukusabela kwamakhemikhali emzimbeni futhi anciphise ukuvuvukala.
• Imithi yokunciphisa amafinyila: Le mithi ephefumulwayo isiza ekunciphiseni amafinyila emigwaqweni yomoya futhi yenze kube lula ukuwakhipha.

Ingabe ngizodinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kwe-PCD?

Ngezinye izikhathi, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, uma izitho zomzimba zisezindaweni ezingafanele, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze zilungiswe.Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa ngokushesha nje ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana. Futhi, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe kamuva ekuphileni ukuze kuvinjelwe noma kwelashwe izinkinga ezingase zivele.

Ingabe i-primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) ingavinjelwa?

Njengoba lesi kuyisimo sofuzo, akukho lutho esingakwenza ukusivimbela . Kodwa-ke, uma ilungu lomndeni eliseduze line-PCD futhi ucabanga ukuqala umndeni, kuwumqondo omuhle ukucabangela ukuhlolwa kofuzo kanye nokwelulekwa ngofuzo . Lezi zinsizakalo zingakusiza ukuthola ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ningaba nalesi simo.

Iyini isikhathi sokuphila kwabantu abane-PCD?

Iningi labantu liphila impilo ende, ngokuvamile baze baguge . Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele nokuzinakekela.

Iyini i-prognosis kubantu abane-PCD?

Lokhu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu . Abanye abantu bayagula kusukela ngosuku abazalwa ngalo futhi bangase bahlale benjalo impilo yabo yonke. Abanye bangase babe nempilo enhle ngesikhathi sabo sokuphumula bese begula kakhulu ngezinye izikhathi. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngesimo sakho bese ulandela iseluleko sakhe.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-PCD?

Ngenxa yokuthi ukutheleleka kwenzeka njalo, kungalimaza izicubu zezitho zomzimba, kubangele izibazi, futhi kuholele ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo:

• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa .
• Ukwanda kanye nomonakalo emigudwini yomoya (i-bronchiectasis) : Lokhu kungabangela umonakalo owengeziwe emaphashini.
• Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula : Lesi simo singavela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.

Yiziphi izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzazi uma uphila ne-PCD?

I-PCD iyisifo esingamahlalakhona. Ngakho-ke, uma uphila naso, ungenza impilo yakho ibe lula futhi wenze lezi zinto ukuze uhlale uphilile:

• Ukuzivocavoca: Uma wenza umsebenzi womzimba olinganiselayo, uphefumula kakhulu. Lokhu kusiza ukukhulula amafinyila emaphashini akho futhi kukusize uphefumule kalula. Kuphinde kwandise amazinga akho amandla.
• Ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo: Ukuphila nesifo esingamahlalakhona esinjengalesi kungaba nzima ngokomzwelo ngezinye izikhathi. Kungaba nezinselele. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola ukwesekwa kuchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo, njengomeluleki, kungasiza kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka okuzwayo.
• Ukuqapha njalo kwezokwelapha: Kuzodingeka ubone udokotela wakho njalo ukuze ubone ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kahle kangakanani, ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziya ziba zimbi kangakanani, noma ukuthi izinkinga ezintsha ziyavela yini. Kungase kudingeke futhi ukuthi uhlolwe njalo ukusebenza kwamaphaphu noma ama-X-ray esifubeni.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungesabi uma usuthole ukuthi une-PCD, kodwa ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo futhi uzinakekele.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

I-Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) iyisifo esingavamile, esithinta kakhulu uhlelo lokuphefumula kanye nezinhlelo zezitho zomzimba. Izimpawu zingaba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi izinkinga ezifana nokwehluleka kokuphefumula zingavela.

Kodwa-ke, yize kungekho ikhambi lalokhu, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu futhi zinciphise ingozi yokutheleleka . Izinto ezifana nokuhlanza umoya kanye nemithi zinganikeza impumuzo ebalulekile. Kubalulekile futhi ukufuna ukwesekwa kwengqondo ukusiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka kokuphila nesifo esingamahlalakhona esinjengalesi. Awuwedwa, futhi kukhona odokotela nabanye abangakusiza.

` I-PCD, i-primary ciliary dyskinesia, i-cilia, uhlelo lokuphefumula, isifo sofuzo, ukukhwehlela okungapheli, ukubekwa kwezitho, , isifo sofuzo, ukukhwehlela okungapheli, ukubekwa kwezitho, isifo sokuphefumula