Wake wezwa ngomuthi wokugomela i-Tdap? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho ukutshele ukuthi uthole lo muthi wokugomela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwakho. Noma mhlawumbe wezwa leli gama lapho ekhuluma ngemithi yokugomela okudingeka uyinike ingane yakho. Lo muthi wokugomela obaluleke kakhulu empilweni yethu, osivikela ezifweni ezintathu eziyingozi. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizoxoxa ngokuthi lo muthi wokugomela i-Tdap uyini, yiziphi izifo ongazivikela kuzo, nokuthi ubani okufanele awuthole.
Iyini i-Tdap? Yiziphi izifo evikela kuzo?
Kalula nje, i-Tdap iyinhlanganisela yemithi yokugoma emithathu. Lokho kusho ukuthi uthola isivikelo ezinhlotsheni ezintathu zokutheleleka ngamagciwane ngomjovo owodwa. Kulula kakhulu lokho, akunjalo? Izinhlamvu ezisegameni elithi Tdap zimelela lezi zifo ezintathu.
| Incwadi | Isifo kanye nencazelo |
|---|---|
| I-T — I-Tetanus | Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi impetigo noma impetigo ngesiSinhala. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amagciwane engena emzimbeni ngenxeba. Cabanga ugwazwa yisipikili esigqwalile, noma inxeba elingcoliswe uthuli. Lokhu kubangela imisipha yomzimba, ikakhulukazi umhlathi nentamo, ukuba iqine kabuhlungu. Awukwazi ukuvula umlomo wakho, ukugwinya ukudla, noma ukuphefumula. Uma ungelashwa, ukufa kungavela. |
| d — I-Diphtheria | Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-pharyngitis ngesiSinhala. Lokhu kubangela ukwakheka koqweqwe olujiyile ngemuva komphimbo. Lokhu kungabangela ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukukhubazeka, ngisho nokufa. Lesi futhi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu. |
| ap — I-Acellular Pertussis | Lokhu ukukhwehlela okubuhlungu esikwaziyo sonke. Uma kuvela, uqala ukukhwehlela ngokungayeki futhi ngamandla. Lokhu kukhwehlela kukhulu kangangokuthi awukwazi ukuphefumula noma ngisho nokudla noma ukuphuza. Kungaba yingozi, ikakhulukazi ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa kanye nezingane ezincane. |
Umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap unikezwa kuphela izingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-7 ubudala, intsha kanye nabantu abadala. I-DTaP umuthi wokugomela onikezwa izingane ezincane ukuvikela kulezi zifo.
Zisho ukuthini izinhlamvu ezinkulu nezincane kula magama?
Ungase uzibuze ukuthi kungani kunamagama amaningi kangaka afana ne-DTaP, Tdap, DT, Td. Incazelo yalokhu ilula kakhulu.
- Uhlamvu olukhulu lubonisa ukuthi umuthi wokugoma uqukethe umthamo ophelele womuthi wokugoma waleso sifo.
- Kalula nje , u-'d' no-'p' ku-Tdap kubonisa ukuthi iqukethe inani elincishisiwe lemithamo ye-diphtheria kanye ne-pertussis.
Umuthi wokugomela i-DTaP wezingane ezincane unomthamo ogcwele wesifo ngasinye. Kodwa-ke, umthamo ophansi wanele ukukhulisa amasosha omzimba kubantu abadala abasebasha nakubantu abadala. Yingakho u-'d' no-'p' emthini wokugomela i-Tdap zibhalwe ngamagama alula.
Enye into u-'a' ku-'ap'. Umele `(Acellular)`. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kusetshenziswa ingxenye kuphela yamagciwane abangela ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo emgomeni, hhayi wonke amagciwane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingozi yemiphumela emibi iphansi kakhulu.
Ubani okufanele athole umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap?
Ake sibone ukuthi lo muthi wokugoma ubaluleke kubani.
- Izingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-7 ubudala: Lo mjovo unikezwa izingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-7 ubudala ezingakwazanga ukuqeda uchungechunge lokugoma kwabantwana noma ezingakatholi noma yimiphi imijovo.
- Izingane ezineminyaka engu-11-12: Kunconywa ukuthi zithole umthamo owodwa womuthi wokugomela i-Tdap ukuze ziqinise amasosha omzimba kule minyaka.
- Abesifazane abakhulelwe: Kubalulekile ukuthola umthamo owodwa womuthi wokugomela i-Tdap ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kwekota yesithathu (phakathi kwamasonto angama-27-36). Sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe.
- Abantu abadala: Noma yimuphi umuntu omdala ongakaze athole umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap ngaphambili kufanele athole umthamo owodwa walo muthi wokugomela. Ngemva kwalokho, umuthi wokugomela i-Td (Tetanus and Diphtheria) noma i-Tdap booster njalo eminyakeni eyi-10 unganikeza isivikelo sesikhathi eside.
Ingabe kuyadingeka ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Yebo, impela. Kunezizathu eziningi ezibalulekile ezenza odokotela batuse ukuthi umama okhulelwe athole lo muthi wokugoma. Lokhu kuyisivikelo esihle kakhulu kuwe kanye nengane yakho engakazalwa.
Cabanga nje, uma uthola lo muthi wokugomela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, umzimba wakho ukhiqiza ama-antibodies alwa nalezo zifo. Lawa ma-antibodies abalulekile nawo adluliselwa enganeni yakho nge-placenta. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana, kuze kube yilapho ingane ikwazi ukuthola umuthi wokugomela ngokwawo, ungavikela umntwana ekukhwehleleni okuyingozi kakhulu ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala. Uma umntwana osanda kuzalwa ekhwehlela, kungaba yingozi empilweni.
Ingabe lokhu kuphephile?
Impela. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ngokusobala ukuthi ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa akumlimazi umama noma umntwana. Akubeki bungozi bokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ukuzalwa unesisindo esiphansi. Ngakho-ke, ungakhathazeki, thola lo muthi wokugomela uma udokotela wakho ekuncoma.
Ubani okungafanele athole lo muthi wokugomela?
Abanye abantu bangase bangafaneleki ukuthola lo muthi wokugomela. Uma ugula kakhulu noma unomkhuhlane, kungcono ukulinda uze uphile kahle ngaphambi kokuthola umuthi wokugomela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthola umuthi wokugomela.
- Uma uke waba nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba ngemva kokuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap, i-DTaP, i-DT noma i-Td ngaphambilini.
- Uma uke waba nobuhlungu obukhulu noma ukuvuvukala ngemuva kokuthola umuthi wokugomela i-diphtheria noma i-tetanus.
- Uma uke waba yi-coma, walahlekelwa ukuqonda, noma waba nokuxhuzula ngemva kokuthola umuthi wokugomela i-pertussis (ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo).
- Uma une-seizures noma ezinye izifo zesimiso sezinzwa.
- Uma unesifo sezinzwa esibizwa ngokuthi i-Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS).
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi yokugonywa?
Imiphumela eminingi emibi evela emgomeni we-Tdap incane futhi iphela ngokuphelele phakathi nosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.
| Uhlobo lomphumela ongemuhle | Izici |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi emincane evamile |
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| Imiphumela emibi engavamile kakhulu | Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba. Uma ubona into efana nale, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
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Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho
Kuvamile ukuba nemibuzo ngaphambi kokuthola umuthi wokugoma. Ungabuza udokotela wakho izinto ezifana nalezi:
- "Dokotela, yisiphi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuba ngithole umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap?"
- "Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engingayilindela ngemva kokuthatha lo muthi wokugomela?"
- "Ukuvikelwa kwalo muthi wokugoma kuzohlala isikhathi esingakanani?"
- "Kufanele ngithole kangaki i-Tdap booster shot?"
- "Ingabe kukhona isizathu sokuthi ngingase ngingakwazi ukuthola lo muthi wokugomela?"
Kuyilungelo lakho ukuxoxa nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukungabaza ongase ube nakho nodokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap ukuvikela ezifweni ezintathu eziyingozi zamagciwane: i-diphtheria (i-diphtheria), i-tetanus, kanye nokukhwehlela okukhulu.
- Uma ukhulelwe, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola lo muthi wokugomela ukuze uvikele ingane yakho ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemva kokuzalwa.
- Njengabantu abadala, sonke kufanele sithole umjovo wokuqinisa umzimba njalo eminyakeni eyi-10 ukuze sigcine amasosha ethu omzimba ephezulu.
- Imiphumela emibi evela emgomeni ivame ukuba mincane, futhi ukusabela okubi kakhulu akuvamile.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nokugonywa, khuluma nodokotela wakho njalo.
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