Ingabe uzizwa unokwesaba noma usengozini ngegciwane elibizwa ngokuthi i-HIV? Mhlawumbe ucabanga ngethuba lokuthola i-HIV ngenxa yendlela yakho yokuphila, ubudlelwano, noma ezinye izizathu. Uma kukhona ingozi enjalo, manje sekukhona indlela ephumelela kakhulu kwezokwelapha zanamuhla yokuzivikela kuyo. Sikhuluma ngayo namuhla. Lokho ukwelashwa ngemithi okubizwa ngokuthi i-PrEP.
Kalula nje, iyini i-PrEP?
Igama eliphelele le-PrEP lithi Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis . Masiliqonde ngesiSinhala.
- Ukuchayeka Ngaphambi Kokuchayeka kusho 'ngaphambi kokuchayeka'. Okusho ukuthi, ngaphambi kokuchayeka egciwaneni.
- Ukuvimbela kusho 'ukwelashwa kokuvimbela isifo'.
Ngakho-ke, ngamafuphi, i-PrEP iwukwelashwa kwemithi okuthathwa kusengaphambili ukuze kuvikelwe igciwane lesandulela ngculaza ngaphambi kokuba lingene emzimbeni. Kuyindlela yokuphepha kwezokwelapha esetshenziselwa ukuvikela igciwane lesandulela ngculaza, njengokusebenzisa amanethi omiyane ukuvikela i-dengue.
Ngakho-ke iyini i-HIV?
Njengoba wazi, i-HIV (i-Human Immunodeficiency Virus) igciwane elihlasela amasosha omzimba wethu, amasosha alwa nezifo. Leli gciwane lidluliselwa kakhulu yi:
- Ukulala nomuntu onegciwane lengculazi ngendlela engavikelekile .
- Ngokwabelana ngezinaliti, amasirinji angcolile, njll. asetshenziswa ngumuntu onegciwane lesandulela ngculazi nomunye umuntu.
Uma ukutheleleka nge-HIV kungalawulwa, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kungakhula kube yisimo esibi esibizwa ngokuthi i-AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). Lapho i-AIDS iqala, amasosha omzimba acishe abhujiswe ngokuphelele. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela ukutheleleka nge-HIV. I-PrEP iyithuluzi elinamandla kakhulu lalokho.
Ubani ofanelekela ukusebenzisa i-PrEP?
Lokhu kwelashwa kungokwabantu abangenayo i-HIV kodwa abasengozini enkulu yokuthola i-HIV. Thola ukuthi usengozini yini.
- Ungalala nomuntu one-HIV?
- Awazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi umlingani wakho wezocansi une-HIV noma cha?
- Ingabe usebenzisa izidakamizwa ngokuzijova? Noma ingabe wabelana ngezinaliti nomuntu onegciwane lengculazi noma ongazazi?
- Ingabe ungowesifazane ohlela ukukhulelwa? Futhi ingabe usengozini yokuthola i-HIV? Uma kunjalo, i-PrEP ingakuvikela ekudluliseleni igciwane enganeni yakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nangesikhathi uncelisa.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi i-PrEP akuyona imithi enikezwa abantu asebevele bethelelekile nge-HIV. Iyimithi ethathwa ngabantu abangenayo i-HIV ukuze bayivimbele ukuthi ingakhuli.
Yini okufanele uyenze ngaphambi kokuqala i-PrEP?
I-PrEP akuyona umuthi ongangena nje ekhemisi uwuthenge. Idinga umuthi kadokotela.
Uma ubona udokotela wakho, uvame ukwenza lezi zivivinyo ngaphambi kokukuqala i-PrEP:
1. Ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV: Ngaphambi kokuqala i-PrEP, kudingeka uqiniseke ngokuphelele ukuthi awuthelelekile nge-HIV.
2. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwezinso: Njengoba eminye imithi ye-PrEP ingathinta izinso, impilo yezinso zakho izohlolwa.
3. Ukuhlolwa kwezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi: Abantu abasengozini yokuthola i-HIV bangase babe nezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (ama-STI), ngakho-ke nabo bayahlolwa lezi zifo.
- I-Hepatitis B
- I-Hepatitis C
- I-Syphilis
- I-Chlamydia
- I-Gonorrhea
Ngemva kokuhlola konke lokhu, uma ungenazo izinkinga zokusebenzisa i-PrEP, udokotela wakho uzoncoma umuthi we-PrEP ofanele kakhulu kuwe.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-PrEP ezitholakala eSri Lanka nasemhlabeni jikelele?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi eyinhloko ye-PrEP. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha leyo ekufanele kakhulu.
| Uhlobo lwe-PrEP | Incazelo | Ifanelekela bani? |
|---|---|---|
| Amaphilisi ansuku zonke (i-Oral PrEP) Isibonelo: iTruvada®, iDescovy® | Lena yindlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. Uphuza iphilisi elilodwa ngesikhathi esibekiwe nsuku zonke. Imithi ekulezi philisi ivimbela igciwane lesandulela ngculaza ukuthi lingangeni futhi lisakazeke emangqamuzaneni omzimba. | Kufanelekela wonke umuntu, okuhlanganisa abesilisa, abesifazane, kanye nabantu abashintshe ubulili (ikakhulukazi iTruvada®). Iphilisi iDescovy® okwamanje livunyelwe abantu ababhaliswe njengabesilisa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa. |
| I-PrEP ejovwayo (ithathwa njalo ezinyangeni ezimbili) Isibonelo: i-Apretude® | Lena inketho enhle kulabo abakhohlwa ukuphuza amaphilisi abo ansuku zonke. Ukwelashwa kuqala ngemijovo emibili, inyanga eyodwa ilandelana. Ngemva kwalokho, njalo ezinyangeni ezimbiliUdinga nje ukugonywa. | Kufanelekela wonke umuntu , kuhlanganise nabesilisa nabesifazane. |
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi ye-PrEP?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, i-PrEP ingabangela imiphumela emibi emincane. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuvame ukuba okwesikhashana futhi kuphele phakathi namasonto ambalwa okuqala ukwelashwa.
| Uhlobo lwe-PrEP | Imiphumela emibi emincane evamile | Imiphumela emibi engavamile ukubonwa |
|---|---|---|
| Amaphilisi ansuku zonke | Uhudo, isicanucanu, ubuhlungu besisu, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukukhathala, ukwehlisa isisindo. | Ukulimala kwezinso, ukuncipha kwamathambo, ukulimala kwesibindi, i-lactic acidosis. |
| Imigomo | Ngaphezu kwemiphumela emibi engenhla, kungase kube nokuvuvukala, ubuhlungu, iqhubu ngaphansi kwesikhumba, kanye nokufudumala endaweni yomjovo. | Imiphumela emibi ebalulwe ngenhla. |
Uma le miphumela emibi iqhubeka noma iba mibi kakhulu, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Isebenza kangakanani i-PrEP?
Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma isetshenziswa njengoba nje kuyalelwe , i-PrEP iyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuzivikela ku-HIV.
- Kunciphisa ingozi yokudluliselwa kwe-HIV ngokuxhumana ngokocansi cishe ngo-99% .
- Ukwabelana ngezinaliti kunciphisa ingozi yokudluliselwa kwe-HIV cishe ngo-74% .
Cabanga ukuthi lokhu kuphephile kangakanani.
Izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzazi uma uthatha i-PrEP
1. I-PrEP ayivimbeli ezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (ama-STI)!
Khumbula lokhu kahle. I-PrEP ivikela kuphela i-HIV. Ukuze uvikele kwezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi njenge-syphilis, i-gonorrhea, kanye ne-chlamydia, kufanele usebenzise ikhondomu njalo.
2. Ungaphuthelwa imithi yakho!
Ikakhulukazi uma uphuza amaphilisi nsuku zonke, udinga ukuwaphuza ngesikhathi, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa usuku olulodwa. Ukwehluleka ukwenza kanjalo kuzonciphisa ukusebenza kahle komuthi.
3. Kungase kube nokusebenzisana neminye imithi.
Uma uphuza imithi yezinye izimo (isib. isifo sokuwa, isifo sofuba), qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho. Eminye imithi ingase ihlangane ne-PrEP.
4. Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuhleliwe .
Phakathi nesikhathi osebenzisa ngaso i-PrEP, kufanele ubonane nodokotela wakho okungenani kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3 ukuze uhlolwe i-HIV kanye nezinye izivivinyo ezidingekayo.
Ngingambona nini udokotela wami?
Uma kwenzeka into efana nale ngesikhathi uthatha i-PrEP, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Uma usola ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi utheleleke nge-HIV (isibonelo, uma uke walala nomuntu ongaphephile ngaphandle kwekhondomu), kungadingeka uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ngalesi sikhathi.
- Uma imiphumela emibi imbi kakhulu noma ingathuthuki ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Uma uba nezimpawu zesifo sesibindi, njengokuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo, noma umchamo omnyama.
- Uma ubhekana nezinguquko zengqondo ezifana nokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka.
- Uma uthola ukuthi ukhulelwe noma unomuzwa wokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukhulelwe.
I-PrEP iyithuluzi eliwusizo kakhulu ekulweni kwethu ne-HIV. Uma usengozini yokuthola i-HIV, ungesabi noma ungabi namahloni ngayo, khuluma nodokotela omethembayo. Uzokunikeza isiqondiso esifanele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) umuthi abantu abangenalo igciwane lesandulela ngculaza kodwa abasengozini yokuwusebenzisa kusengaphambili ukuze bazivikele kuleli gciwane.
- Lo muthi kufanele uthathwe kuphela ngokwelulekwa ngudokotela, futhi ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV kanye nokunye kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuwuqala.
- Nakuba i-PrEP inganciphisa ingozi ye-HIV cishe ngo-99%, ayivikeli kwezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi, njenge-syphilis kanye ne-gonorrhea.
- Ukusebenzisa ikhondomu kuyimpoqo ukuvikela ezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi.
- Ngesikhathi uthatha i-PrEP, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wakho okungenani kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu ukuze ahlolwe njalo .
- Uma ucabanga ukuthi usengozini yokuthola i-HIV, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela ubuze ukuthi i-PrEP ikulungele yini.
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