Njengoba wazi, ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka, "isizini yomkhuhlane" ihlasela izingxenye ezahlukene zezwe lethu. Umkhuhlane wegciwane oqubuka phakathi nalesi sikhathi, okungukuthi, umkhuhlane (flu), ujwayelekile kakhulu kithi. Uma usuvele, uba nzima kakhulu emzimbeni izinsuku ezimbalwa. Lesi sifo siza nezimpawu ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu, izinhlungu zomzimba, umkhuhlane ophakeme, ukubanda nokuthuthumela, kanye nokukhathala okukhulu. Kodwa kubantu abaningi, uba ngcono ngokwawo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Kodwa kwabanye bethu, akulula kangako. Ikakhulukazi izingane ezincane, asebekhulile, kanye nalabo abanezimo ezingamahlalakhona njenge-asthma basengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga ezinkulu ngenxa yomkhuhlane. Njengoba leli yigciwane elithelelanayo kakhulu, kubalulekile kithi sonke ukuba siliqaphele. Ngenhlanhla, kunezindlela zokuzivikela kulo. Indlela ebaluleke kakhulu nephumelelayo ukugonywa minyaka yonke. Namuhla, sikhuluma ngomuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane.
Ingabe ukuthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane kubangela umkhuhlane ngempela?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. Kukhona isisho esithi "uyagula uma ugonywa." Ake sibone ukuthi lokho kuyiqiniso yini. Kalula nje, umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane ngeke ukubangele ukuthi uthole umkhuhlane.
Empeleni kunezinhlobo ezimbili zale mithi yokugoma.
1. Umuthi wokugomela (Umjovo Womkhuhlane): Lo muthi uqukethe amagciwane omkhuhlane abulawe ngokuphelele (afile).
2. Isifutho Samakhala: Lokhu kuqukethe amagciwane aphilayo, kodwa abuthakathaka kakhulu.
Azikho kulezi zindlela ezingadala umkhuhlane wangempela. Ngoba amagciwane akumuthi wokugoma awanamandla okubangela lesi sifo. Kodwa uma lo muthi wokugoma unikezwa, amasosha omzimba wethu ayavuselelwa futhi aqale ukwenza ama-antibodies okulwa naleli gciwane. Kufana nokuqeqesha ibutho ngaphambi kwempi. Khona-ke, uma igciwane langempela lingena emzimbeni, amasosha omzimba ethu azolibona futhi alibhubhise ngokushesha.
Isifutho samakhala sivame ukunikezwa abantu abaphilile, abangakhulelwe abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-2 no-49. Kodwa-ke, asifanele abantu abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona noma labo abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka. Umjovo unganikezwa noma ubani oneminyaka engaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala . Kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngokuthi yiluphi uhlobo olufanele wena noma ingane yakho.
Kungani sidinga ukuthola umuthi omusha wokugomela umkhuhlane minyaka yonke?
Lokhu futhi kuyinkinga ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngokungafani neminye imijovo, umuthi wokugomela i-Flu udinga ukunikezwa minyaka yonke. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi igciwane le-influenza liyigciwane elinobuqili kakhulu. Lishintsha isimo salo (liyashintsha) ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kufana nesela eliza lizifihle ngendlela ehlukile nsuku zonke.
Ngakho-ke, minyaka yonke, ochwepheshe bezempilo bafunda idatha futhi babikezele ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zaleli gciwane okungenzeka ukuthi zisakazeke kakhulu ngesikhathi sonyaka olandelayo womkhuhlane. Ngemuva kwalokho, kwenziwa imijovo emisha yokuhlasela lezo zinhlobo. Ngakho-ke umuthi wokugoma owuthole ngonyaka odlule ngeke usebenze ngokumelene negciwane lalo nyaka. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuthola umuthi wokugoma omusha njalo ngonyaka.
Lo muthi wokugomela umkhuhlane usebenza kahle kangakanani?
Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane uvame ukusebenza cishe ngo-60% kuphela. Abanye bangase bacabange, "O, u-60% kuphela?" Kodwa inzuzo yangempela yalokhu ikhona kwenye indawo.
Cabanga nje, noma ngabe uthola umuthi wokugoma bese ugula, isifo ositholayo sizoba sincane kakhulu futhi sizophola ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kunokuba ungawutholanga umuthi wokugoma. Ingozi yezinkinga ezinkulu kanye nokulaliswa esibhedlela incishisiwe kakhulu. Leyo yinzuzo enkulu lapha.
Enye into ukuthi kuthatha cishe amasonto amabili ngemva kokuthola umuthi wokugoma ukuze umzimba wakhe isivikelo esiphelele. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi isivikelo asiveli ngokushesha ngemva kokuthola umuthi wokugoma.
| Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane: Ubani ofanele? Ubani ongafanele? | |
|---|---|
| Ubani okufanele athole umuthi wokugoma (Kunconywa Kakhulu) | |
| Ithimba | Incazelo |
| Iziguli ezingamahlalakhona | Abantu abanezifo ezenza buthaka amasosha omzimba, njengesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sezinso, isifo samaphaphu (njenge-asthma), kanye ne-HIV/AIDS. |
| Omama abakhulelwe | Ingathathwa noma nini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. |
| Izingane ezincane | Kunconywa kubo bonke abantwana abangaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala. |
| Abantu abadala | Kulabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50, ikakhulukazi abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65. Kukhona ngisho nemithi yokugoma ekhethekile enemithamo ephezulu. |
| Izisebenzi zezempilo | Ngoba uhlala uxhumana neziguli. |
| Abantu abasemakhaya asebekhulile | Abantu abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezindaweni zokunakekela asebekhulile, emakhaya asebekhulile, kanye nalabo ababanakekelayo. |
| Ubani Okungafanele Athole Umjovo? | |
| Izinsana ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala | Amasosha omzimba wabo awakakulungeli lokhu. |
| Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu | Abantu abake baba nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (isib. i-anaphylaxis) ngemva kokuthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane ngaphambilini. |
| Ezinye izifo zemizwa | Abantu abanezimo ezifana ne-Guillain-Barré syndrome. |
| Abantu abahlushwa umkhuhlane njengamanje | Umuthi wokugoma kufanele unikezwe ngemva kokuba umkhuhlane nokugula sekuphelile. |
Kwenzekani kubantu abangezwani namaqanda?
Ngaphambilini, abantu abanokungezwani namaqanda babetshelwa ukuthi bangatholi umjovo womkhuhlane ngoba amaqanda ahilelekile enqubweni yokukhiqiza umjovo. Kodwa iseluleko esisha ukuthi inani leprotheyini yamaqanda emjovweni lincane kakhulu kangangokuthi akunakwenzeka ukuthi libangele izinkinga kumuntu onokungezwani namaqanda okuncane. Kodwa uma unomlando wokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani namaqanda (i-anaphylaxis), qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthola umjovo.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yomuthi wokugoma?
Yebo, njenganoma yimuphi umuthi wokugoma, kungase kube nemiphumela emibi emincane. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akukubi kakhulu futhi kuzophela ngokuphelele phakathi nosuku noma ezimbili.
- Kulabo abathole umjovo:
- Ubuhlungu, ukubomvu, noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yomjovo.
- Umkhuhlane omncane.
- Ubuhlungu bomzimba noma ikhanda elibuhlungu.
- Kulabo abathathe i-nasal spray:
- Impumulo egobhozayo njengomkhuhlane.
- Umphimbo noma ukukhwehlela okuklwebhekayo.
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu .
Lezi zimpawu zisho ukuthi amasosha omzimba wakho aqala ukusebenza futhi akha izivikelo, kodwa azisho ukuthi unesifo.
Yisiphi isikhathi nendawo engcono kakhulu yokugonywa?
Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokugonywa ngokuvamile singaphambi nje kokuqala kwesizini yomkhuhlane. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kuthatha cishe amasonto amabili ukuthi amasosha omzimba akhule. Kodwa uma ungakwazi ukugonywa phakathi naleso sikhathi, ukugonywa ngesikhathi somkhuhlane kungcono kakhulu kunokungagonywa nhlobo.
Ungawuthola lo muthi wokugomela kudokotela womndeni wakho, ezibhedlela zikahulumeni, noma ezibhedlela nasezikhungweni ezizimele . Ungacela udokotela wakho ukuthi akunike ulwazi olwengeziwe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kumkhuhlane wezinkathi ukuthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane minyaka yonke.
- Lo mjovo ngeke ukukubangele umkhuhlane. Uzokwakha amasosha omzimba wakho.
- Ngenxa yokuthi igciwane lomkhuhlane lihlala lishintsha, kumele kutholakale umuthi omusha wokugomela njalo ngonyaka.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane, abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50, abesifazane abakhulelwe, kanye nalabo abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona ukuthi bagonywe.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nomuthi wokugoma, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokwenza noma yini.
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