Ngisho noma uzwa ngokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, okungukuthi, ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass, uzizwa wesaba kancane futhi ukhathazekile, akunjalo? Ikakhulukazi uma udokotela ethi udinga ukwenza "i-triple bypass." Kodwa uma uqonda ngokucacile ukuthi kuyini ngempela lokhu, kungani kudingeka kwenziwe, nokuthi impilo izoba njani ngemva kwalokhu, lokho kwesaba enhliziyweni yakho kuzonyamalala kakhulu. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda, njengokungathi ukhuluma nomngane.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukuhlinzwa kwe-triple bypass?
Cabanga ukuthi ipayipi lamanzi eliyinhloko eliya endlini yakho ligcwele ukungcola ezindaweni ezintathu, futhi amanzi avalekile kakhulu. Senzani-ke? Uma singenakukwazi ukususa lezo zindawo ezivalekile, singakha umugqa omusha ngokufaka izingcezu ezintsha zepayipi ukuze sidlule lezo zindawo, akunjalo? Yilokho okwenziwa yilolu hlinzo.
Imithambo yegazi enikeza igazi ezinhliziyweni zethu (esiyibiza ngokuthi imithambo yenhliziyo) ivaleka ngamafutha kanye ne-cholesterol. Kwezokwelapha, sibiza lokhu ngokuthi i-plaque. Le plaque ivimba ukugeleza kwegazi. "Nge-triple bypass," imithambo yegazi ivaleka ezindaweni ezintathu ezinkulu .
Ngakho-ke lokho okwenziwa udokotela ohlinzayo ukuthatha umthambo wegazi ophilile kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho (ngokuvamile ovela emlenzeni wakho, engalweni, noma ngaphakathi esifubeni sakho) bese udala "indlela entsha" ezungeze indawo evinjiwe. Kufana nomgwaqo odlulayo. Lokhu kuvumela imisipha yenhliziyo ukuthi ithole igazi eliyidingayo futhi. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kubizwa nangokuthi i-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft, noma i-CABG.
Lokhu akulona ikhambi eliphelele lesifo senhliziyo, kodwa kuyasiza ekuvimbeleni umonakalo enhliziyweni obangelwa ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi, kusindise impilo yakho futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.
Ubani ongathanda ukwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa akwenziwa yiwo wonke umuntu. Udokotela uyakutusa ngezizathu ezithile. Ngokuyinhloko, kuyadingeka kubantu abanesifo semithambo yenhliziyo.
- Uma une -blockage engaphezu kuka-50% emthanjeni omkhulu wesobunxele ohlinzeka ngegazi enhliziyweni yakho.
- Uma kukhona ukuvaleka okungaphezu kuka-70% kweminye imithambo yegatsha.
- Uma ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi kukhulu futhi kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwanele ukuthi inqubo engangenisi kakhulu njenge-angioplasty (lokhu esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi "ukubekwa kwe-stent") ayikwazi ukwenziwa.
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba njalo (i-angina), ubunzima bokuphefumula , noma usengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo senhliziyo ngenxa yalezi zithiyo.
Ezimweni ezinjengalezi, inketho engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukulimala okwengeziwe enhliziyweni ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokunquma usuku lokuhlinzwa, udokotela uzokwenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuze ahlole ngokunembile isimo sakho. Ungakhathazeki ngalokhu, kwenzelwe ukwenza ukuhlinzwa kuphephe futhi kuphumelele ngangokunokwenzeka.
| Ukuhlolwa | Kalula nje, lokhu kubhekani? |
|---|---|
| I-Angiogram | Besebenzisa udayi okhethekile kanye ne-X-ray, bangabona kahle ukuthi imithambo yegazi enhliziyweni yakho ivinjiwe kangakanani nokuthi kuphi. |
| I-X-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan | Hlola isimo senhliziyo namaphaphu akho jikelele. |
| Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi | Hlola ukusebenza kwezinso, ikhono lokujiya kwegazi, kanye nezinye izifo. |
| I-Echocardiogram | Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound. Kubheka ukuthi imisipha yenhliziyo nama-valve asebenza kanjani. |
| I-Electrocardiogram (EKG) | Hlola ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo, okungukuthi, iphethini yokushaya kwenhliziyo. |
Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ukuthi uyeke okwesikhashana ukuthatha imithi ethile (ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi) ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Uzokutshela nokuthi uyeke ukudla nokuphuza kusukela phakathi kwamabili ngosuku olwandulela ukuhlinzwa.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Ukuhlinzwa kuzoqala ngemva kokunikezwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile (`(General Anesthesia)`) bese ulaliswa. Ngakho ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu. Ukuhlinzwa kungathatha amahora ama-3 kuya kwayi-6.
Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa njengokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile.
1. Ukwenza i-incision: Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza i-incision eqonde phezulu cishe ngamasentimitha angu-1.5 phansi maphakathi nesifuba sakho.
2. Ukufinyelela inhliziyo: Ithambo lesifuba (ithambo lesifuba) eliphakathi nesifuba lihlukaniswa ngokucophelela libe kabili ukuze lifinyelele inhliziyo. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, leli thambo liphinde lixhunywe ngezintambo ezikhethekile, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana liphinde liphole kahle.
3. Ukuthatha umthambo wegazi omusha: Okulandelayo, umthambo wegazi odingekayo ukudala indlela entsha uzothathwa emlenzeni wakho, engalweni, noma ngaphakathi kwesifuba sakho.
4. Ukudala indlela entsha: Ekugcineni, ingxenye eyodwa yomthambo wegazi inamathele emthanjeni oyinhloko othwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni, i-aorta, kanti enye ingxenye inamathele endaweni evinjiwe ngezansi. "Ku-triple bypass," kwakhiwa izindlela ezintathu ezintsha.
Ngezinye izikhathi, iziguli ezikhethiwe kakhulu zingahlinzwa ngokusebenzisa ukusikwa okuncane. Kodwa-ke, akufanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.
Sinjani isikhathi sokululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzodluliselwa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU). Ngokuvamile uzohlala lapho ubusuku bonke. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, uzoba nepayipi emlonyeni wakho elizokusiza ukuphefumula, kodwa lizosuswa ngemva kwamahora ambalwa. Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nomfutho wegazi kuzoqashwa njalo yimishini.
- Ukuhlala esibhedlela: Ngemva kwegumbi lokunakekela abagula kakhulu, uzodluliselwa ewadini elijwayelekile. Uzohlala esibhedlela ezinye izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu.
- Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya: Kungathatha cishe amasonto ayisithupha ukululama ngokuphelele. Abanye abantu bangathatha isikhathi eside noma ngaphansi.
- Ukuhamba: Ngesikhathi usesibhedlela, uzocelwa ukuthi uvuke embhedeni uhambehamba kancane ngemva kosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ululame ngokushesha.
- Ukushayela: Kufanele ugweme ukushayela amasonto ayisithupha, njengoba kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi i-sternum iphole.
- Ukuphakamisa okunzima: Futhi, akukhuthazwa ukuphakamisa noma yini esinda ngaphezu kwamakhilogremu angu-4-5 (isibonelo, ibhodlela lamanzi elikhulu, isilinda esincane segesi) phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
- Ukuvuselelwa Kwenhliziyo: Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, udokotela wakho cishe uzoncoma uhlelo olukhethekile lokuzivocavoca kanye nokwelulekwa ukuze kusize ukuqinisa inhliziyo yakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlanganyela kulo.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, lokhu kunezinzuzo zako kanye nezingozi ezincane.
Izinzuzo
- Kuvimbela ukulimala kwenhliziyo ngokubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi emisipheni yenhliziyo.
- Izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba obuvamile kanye nokuphelelwa umoya ziyancipha kakhulu.
- Izinga lempilo yakho lizothuthuka kakhulu.Ungasebenza futhi uhambe ngezinyawo ngaphandle kokukhathala.
- Ezigulini ezivalekile kakhulu, kwandisa amathuba okuphila isikhathi eside kunezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
Izingozi
Okokuqala, abantu abangaphezu kuka-95% abahlinzwa nge-bypass ababi nezinkinga ezinkulu. Lena inqubo eye yenziwa ngempumelelo emhlabeni wonke amashumi eminyaka. Kodwa-ke, ezinye iziguli (ikakhulukazi lezo ezinezinye izimo zezokwelapha noma lezo ezihlinzwa ngokuphuthumayo) zingase zibe nezingozi ezithile.
- Ukusebenza kwezinso okungasebenzi kahle
- Isifo sohlangothi
- Amahlule egazi
- Ukuvaleka kabusha komthambo wegazi osetshenzisiwe
- Ukutheleleka endaweni yokusikwa
- Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-Atrial Fibrillation)
Ngokuvamile, ingozi yokufa ngenxa yokuhlinzwa okuhleliwe kwe-triple bypass ingaphansi kuka-1%. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokwenza konke okusemandleni alo ukunciphisa lezi zingozi.
Kunini lapho udinga ukubonana nodokotela ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya?
Udinga ukunakekela umzimba wakho kahle ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya. Kubalulekile ukuqapha uma uthola izimpawu zokutheleleka.
| Uma unalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. | |
|---|---|
| Isici | Okufanele ukunake |
| Igazi noma ubomvu obuphuma esithongweni | Uma kukhona amabala egazi ezingutsheni, inxeba libomvu, livuvukele, futhi kuphuma uketshezi olufana nobovu. |
| Imfiva | Uma izinga lokushisa lomzimba wakho likhuphuka, kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka. |
| Ubuhlungu obandayo endaweni yokusikwa | Uma ubuhlungu bukhula usuku nosuku esikhundleni sokuncipha kancane kancane. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo | Uma inhliziyo yakho izwa sengathi ishaya ngokushesha kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi uya kuzo zonke izikhathi zokulandelela udokotela wakho akutshela ukuthi uze kuzo ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ukuthi welulama kahle yini nokuthi imithi isebenza kahle yini.
Impilo ngemva kokuhlinzwa...
Umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo uthi, "Ungaphila isikhathi esingakanani ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-bypass?" Kukhona impendulo enhle kulokhu. Ngisho neminyaka eyi-10 ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-bypass, iziguli ezingaphezu kuka-75% zisaphila futhi ziphilile.
Kodwa khumbula, ukuhlinzwa kuyisixazululo sesikhashana senkinga. Izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo (i-cholesterol, isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme) ezibangele ukucinana kwemithambo yegazi zisekhona emzimbeni wakho. Ngakho-ke, impumelelo yesikhathi eside yokuhlinzwa incike endleleni yakho yokuphila.
- Ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukubhema nokusebenzisa ugwayi.
- Ukudla ukudla okunempilo, amafutha noshukela omncane, kanye nemifino nezithelo eziningi.
- Vivinya umzimba njalo ngokwemiyalelo kadokotela.
- Ukuthatha imithi ebhalwe ngudokotela (i-cholesterol, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, imithi yokwehlisa igazi) ngesikhathi.
- Ukulawula ukucindezeleka.
Uma wenza lezi zinto ngendlela efanele, ungaphila impilo enempilo nesebenzayo isikhathi eside ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-triple bypass kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu futhi evamile yezifo zenhliziyo ezimbi. Ungakwesabi ngokungadingekile.
- Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuzoqeda izimpawu zakho, njengobuhlungu besifuba kanye nokuphelelwa umoya, futhi kuthuthukise kakhulu ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.
- Kungathatha amasonto ayisithupha noma ngaphezulu ukuze ululame ngokuphelele. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kubalulekile ukubekezela nokulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
- Impumelelo yesikhathi eside yokuhlinzwa incike kuwe. Ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo nokuphuza imithi kadokotela kubalulekile.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nokuhlinzwa, xoxa ngakho ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho.
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