Inhliziyo yethu iyisitho esisebenza njengepompo emangalisayo. Ngaphakathi kwalepompo, kunamasango amancane asiza ukugeleza kwegazi ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Sibiza lawa ma-valve enhliziyo. Cabanga ukuthi kwenzekani uma elinye lala masango lingavuli kahle, livalekile, noma lincipha? Khona-ke inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukupompa igazi. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-stenosis yesimo. Ngakho-ke namuhla sikhuluma ngendlela yokwelapha engeyona inkimbinkimbi yokwenza i-valve enjalo evalekile isebenze kahle futhi, okungukuthi, ukwenza ukuvulwa kwayo kube kukhulu.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-valvuloplasty?
I-Valvuloplasty inqubo evamile esetshenziselwa ukwandisa ukuvulwa kwevalvu yenhliziyo encishisiwe noma evalekile. Kulula kakhulu. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa ipayipi elincane, elincane elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter. Isiphelo sale payipi sinebhaluni elincane elinamathiselwe kuyo.
Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-Balloon Valvuloplasty . Ngakho-ke, leli payipi elimise okwebhaluni lidluliselwa komunye wemithambo yegazi yakho liye ku-valve encishisiwe enhliziyweni yakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, lapho ibhaluni selivuvukile, livula i-valve encishisiwe bese lenza libe likhulu. Lapho inqubo isiqediwe, ibhaluni liyancishiswa bese ipayipi lisuswa. Kulula kakhulu, akunjalo?
Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-valvotomy." Kodwa-ke, lelo gama ngezinye izikhathi lisetshenziselwa le nqubo yebhaluni kanye nokuhlinzwa kokukhulisa ivalvu kusetshenziswa ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile. Kodwa-ke, ku-"valvuloplasty" esikhuluma ngayo namuhla, akukho ukusikwa okukhulu okwenziwayo.
Yiziphi izimo ezisetshenziswayo lokhu kwelashwa?
Lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukwandisa ivalvu yenhliziyo esinciphile (stenosis). Lokhu kungenziwa kunoma yimaphi amavalvu amane ayinhloko enhliziyweni yethu. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ivalvu ye-mitral kanye nevalvu ye-aortic .
Cabanga ngalokhu. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kwenziwa njengesixazululo sesikhashana. Okusho ukuthi, ngemva kwalokhu kwelashwa, ungathola impumuzo isikhashana, bese kamuva kungadingeka ukuthi uhlinzwe ukuze ufake i-valve entsha (ukufakwa esikhundleni se-Valve).
Into ebalulekile ukuthi i-valvuloplasty akuyona into entsha yokufakelwa ivalvu yenhliziyo. Imane ilungisa ivalvu ekhona futhi ikhulise ukuvuleka kwayo.
Ngingalungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokwelashwa?
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ecacile yokuthi ungakulungiselela kanjani lokhu. Ngokuvamile, kuzodingeka wenze okulandelayo:
- Ungadli noma uphuze lutho kusukela ngobusuku bangaphambi kokwelashwa (ukuzila ukudla).
- Uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi (ama-anticoagulant), kuzodingeka uyeke ukuyithatha isikhashana, njengoba udokotela wakho ekutshela.
- Susa ubucwebe bensimbi namawashi bese uwashiya ekhaya.
Uma uya esibhedlela, ithimba lezokwelapha lizokunikeza umuthi wokudambisa ubuhlungu (i-anesthesia) ukuze likusize uphumule. Esikhathini esiningi, uzobe uphapheme phakathi nalokhu kwelashwa, kodwa ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?
Le nqubo ye-valvuloplasty yebhaluni yenziwa udokotela wenhliziyo. Ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe ihora noma isikhathi eside. Ake sibheke ukuthi kwenzekani phakathi nale nqubo.
| Izinyathelo | Incazelo elula yalokho okwenzekayo |
|---|---|
| 1. Ukufaka ithubhu | Udokotela ufaka ipayipi elincane elibizwa ngokuthi i-sheath emthanjeni wegazi omkhulu embotsheni yakho, engalweni, noma ehlombe. |
| 2. Ukuthumela i-catheter | Ngaphakathi kwalelo payipi, i-catheter enepayipi ekugcineni idluliselwa ngokucophelela emthanjeni wegazi iye enhliziyweni. |
| 3. Ukunakekela umgwaqo | Ukuze kubonakale kahle indlela yaleli payipi edlula emithanjeni yegazi, kufakwa uhlobo olukhethekile 'lwedayi engafani'. Lo dayi wenza ingaphakathi lemithambo libonakale uma libukwa ngomshini onjenge-X-ray. |
| 4. Ukunyuka kwebhaluni | Lapho i-catheter ifika endaweni eqondile yevalvu evinjiwe, ibhaluni liyafuthwa, okwenza ivalvu evinjiwe ivuleke futhi ivuleke. |
| 5. Ukususa ipayipi | Uma ivalvu isivuliwe, ibhaluni liyaphuma bese i-catheter nebhaluni kususwa ngokucophelela. |
| 6. Ukuvala inxeba | Indawo lapho ipayipi lifakwe khona ivalwa ngomthungo omncane noma uhlobo olukhethekile lweglue yokuhlinzwa. |
Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kunengozi yokopha noma uma udinga ukulinda kuze kube yilapho imithi yokunciphisa igazi iphela, ipayipi lokuqala elifakiwe, elibizwa ngokuthi 'i-sheath', lishiywa endaweni yalo cishe amahora ayisithupha bese lisuswa.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kwelashwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, kunezinzuzo nezingozi. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela lokhu ngokuningiliziwe ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho sempilo.
| Izinzuzo | Izingozi ezingaba khona |
|---|---|
| Ukujikeleza kwegazi kuyathuthuka futhi inhliziyo ayinawo umsebenzi omningi okufanele iwenze ukupompa igazi. | Ukungezwani komzimba nodayi. |
| Kungenzeka ukuthi ubambezele noma ugweme ukuhlinzwa kokushintsha ivalvu. | Ukuvela kwezifo ezithathelwanayo. |
| Ungalulama ngokushesha kunokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile. | Ukopha. |
| Akushiyi isilonda esikhulu emzimbeni. | Ukulimala emthanjeni wegazi noma enhliziyweni. |
| Ingozi yezinkinga iphansi. | Ukuvuza okuvela ku-valve. |
| Ubuhlungu buncane kakhulu. | Bese ivalvu iyancipha futhi. |
| Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo. | |
| Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi (okungavamile kakhulu) |
Kwenzekani ngemva kokwelashwa?
Uma ukwelashwa sekuqediwe, uzothuthelwa endaweni yokululama. Ibhandeji lizobekwa lapho kufakwe khona i-catheter.
- Uma i-catheter ifakiwe nge-groin, kuzodingeka ugcine umlenze wakho uqondile amahora amaningana. Ngokuvamile kuzodingeka uhlale embhedeni amahora amabili kuya kwayisithupha.
- Uzotshelwa ukuthi uphuze amanzi amaningi . Lokhu kuzosiza ekususeni idayi eyafakwa emzimbeni wakho ngomchamo wakho.
- Uma udinga ukuchama usembhedeni, kuzodingeka usebenzise idivayisi ekhethekile (umchamo/ipani lokulala) ukuze wenze kanjalo.
- Ngemva kwamahora ambalwa uzokwazi ukuvuka uhambe.
- Iningi labantu liyakwazi ukuya emakhaya ngosuku olulandelayo .
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?
Lokhu kuncike ezintweni eziningana, njengempilo yakho jikelele kanye nesimo senhliziyo.
- Kufanele ugweme imisebenzi enzima njengokusebenza nokubhukuda cishe izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa .
- Iningi labantu lingabuyela emsebenzini cishe ngesonto . Kodwa-ke, uma umsebenzi wakho udinga ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba, udokotela wakho angase akucebise ukuthi uphumule isikhashana.
- Kungathatha cishe amasonto ayisishiyagalombili ukubuyela empilweni yakho evamile.
- Uzocelwa ukuthi ubuye uzohlolwa ezinyangeni ezingaba ngu-3-6 ngemuva kokwelashwa. Ngemva kwalokho, kufanele ubonane nodokotela kanye ngonyaka.
Ngingashayela nini udokotela ucingo?
Uma ubuyela ekhaya ngemva kokwelashwa, naka kakhulu umzimba wakho. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, ungalibali futhi uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
| Izimpawu eziphuthumayo okufanele uziqaphele | |
|---|---|
| - Ubuhlungu besifuba | - Ukuzizwa ubanda futhi unomkhuhlane |
| - Ukuquleka / Ukungakwazi ukunyakaza | - Uketshezi noma ukuphuma kwegazi endaweni yokufaka |
| - Ukucanuzela noma ukuhlanza | - Ubuhlungu noma ukuvuvukala okwandayo |
| - Ukwanda kwesisindo okungaphezu kuka-1.5 kg (3 lbs) ngosuku olulodwa (lokhu kungaba uphawu lokugcinwa koketshezi) | |
Uma kukhulunywa ngokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile kancane, noma ngabe akuyona indlela evulekile yokuhlinzwa. I-Valvuloplasty iyindlela enhle yokulibazisa isidingo se-valve entsha. Kodwa akuyona indlela yokwelapha efanela wonke umuntu. Uma unemibuzo mayelana nenqubo yebhaluni, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Valvuloplasty inqubo elula, engahlaseli enweba ivalvu yenhliziyo encishisiwe kusetshenziswa ibhaluni.
- Lokhu akuphathelene nokufaka ivalvu entsha, kodwa kunalokho ukulungisa ivalvu ekhona.
- Izinzuzo eziyinhloko ukululama okusheshayo, ubuhlungu obuncane, kanye nezibazi ezincane njengokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile.
- Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, umkhuhlane, noma ukuvuvukala okukhulu ngemva kokwelashwa, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Khuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho wenhliziyo mayelana nokuthi lokhu kwelashwa kulungile yini kuwe nokuthi yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zako.
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