Ukhuluma kakhulu ekhaya, kodwa uthule esikoleni? Lokhu kungaba uMutism okhethayo!

Ingabe ingane yakho, ehlala igijima futhi idlala ekhaya futhi idlula wonke umuntu ngokukhuluma kwayo, ivele ithule njengesithombe setshe esikoleni, endlini yesihlobo, noma lapho ihlangana nomuntu omusha? Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyicela kangakanani ukuthi ikhulume, ingabe ivele ithule futhi ihlale yodwa, njengokungathi iyesaba? Abazali abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kungamahloni noma inkani yengane, kodwa kungaba yinto ejulile kunalokho. Namuhla sikhuluma ngalokhu 'kuthula okukhethayo' noma, ngokwezokwelapha, i-Selective Mutism .

Kalula nje, kuyini i-Selective Mutism?

I-Selective mutism iyinkinga yokukhathazeka ethinta izingane. Kulesi simo, ingane ingakhuluma kahle, kodwa kwezinye izimo zomphakathi (isibonelo, esikoleni, phambi kwezihlobo) ilahlekelwa ngokuphelele ikhono lokukhuluma.

Ekhaya, endaweni lapho bezizwa bejwayelene futhi bephephile khona (nomama, ubaba, abafowabo nodadewabo), laba bantwana bakhuluma kakhulu. Kodwa uma bephuma kuleso simo, isibonelo, lapho beya ekilasini, lapho uthisha ebuza umbuzo, bathula ngokuphelele. Ngezinye izikhathi bangase bahlebele kancane kangangokuthi umngane kuphela ongabazwa.

Yiziphi izici eziyinhloko zomntwana one-Selective Mutism?

Lezi zici zingase zihluke kuye ngomntwana, kodwa kunezinto ezimbalwa ezingabonakala zifana.

• Ukukhuluma ngokujwayelekile ezindaweni engizijwayele: Ekhaya, ngingakhuluma nabazali bami kanye nezingane zakithi ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
• Ukungakhulumi ezimweni ezithile zomphakathi: Ukukhuluma kuyaphela ngokuphelele ezindaweni ezifana nesikole, emaphathini, noma phambi kwezihlobo.
• Ibonisa izimpawu zokukhathazeka: Ingane iyesaba futhi ayihlaliseki uma ingakwazi ukukhuluma. Abanye banamathela kunina noma kuyise. Izimo zobuso ziyashintsha, zibukeka sengathi ziqinile.
• Ukusebenzisa izinto esikhundleni samagama: Ngisho noma bengakwazi ukukhuluma, bazama ukuxhumana ngokunqekuzisa amakhanda abo, ukukhomba, noma ukubhala.
• Lesi simo sihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga: Kujwayelekile ukuthi ingane ithule isikhashana phakathi nenyanga yokuqala yesikole esisha. Kodwa-ke, uma lokhu kuthula kuqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga, kuyinto okufanele ikhathazeke ngayo.

Ingabe lokhu kumane kuyihlazo? Noma kukhona okunye?

Lena yinkinga enkulu abantu abaningi abanayo. Abazali abaningi bacabanga ukuthi, "Ingane yami inamahloni kakhulu, yingakho ingakhulumi." KodwaUkukhetha ukungathandi kanye namahloni ajwayelekile kuyizinto ezimbili ezihlukene.

Cabanga nje, lapho ingane enamahloni iya endaweni entsha, iqale ithule, kodwa ngemva kwesikhashana ijwayela indawo, kancane kancane iqala ukukhuluma. Kodwa ingane ene-Selective Mutism ayikwazi ukwenza lokho. Kuleso simo, ilahlekelwa ngokuphelele ikhono lokukhuluma. Kuyinto engaphezu kwamandla ayo.

Ingabe lokhu kuyi-autism? Noma ingabe kuyi-talking stop?

Lena futhi indawo lapho abantu abaningi bedideka khona.

• I-Autism: Ezinye izingane ezine-autism zingase zibe nokulibaziseka kokukhuluma noma ukuziphatha okungenazwi. Kodwa-ke, i-autism iyinkinga yokukhula ebanzi kunenkinga yokukhathazeka. Ingafaka nezinye izimpawu, njengobunzima bokuqonda izinkomba zomphakathi, izinkinga zezinzwa, kanye nokuziphatha okuphindaphindiwe. Izingane ezine-Selective Mutism zivame ukuqonda ukubonakaliswa kobuso nemizwa yabanye.
• Ukulibaziseka Kolimi: Uma ingane eneminyaka emibili ingakhulumi nelilodwa igama, singakubheka njengokulibaziseka kolimi. Kodwa uma ingane eneminyaka eyisithupha ikhuluma kahle ekhaya kodwa esikoleni kuphela, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kube yi-Selective Mutism.

Kungani izingane zithola lesi simo?

Imbangela eqondile yalokhu ayikatholakali, kodwa abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kunezici eziningana ezingase zibe nomthelela kukho.

• Ukuthambekela Kokukhathazeka: Iningi lalaba bantwana lizalwa linokuthambekela kokukhathazeka komphakathi.
• Umlando womndeni:Othile emndenini, ikakhulukazi abazali, unenkinga yokukhathazeka noma amahloni amakhulu.
• Izinkinga zokukhuluma nolimi: Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nezinkinga zokukhuluma noma zolimi, okungazenza zesabe ukukhuluma phambi kwabanye.
• Izinkinga ezibucayi: Ezinye izingane zinobunzima bokubhekana nezixuku nomsindo omkhulu. Ezindaweni ezinjalo, ziyathula njengendlela yokuzivikela.

Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi simo ngokunembile?

Uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela wezingane.

Udokotela ulandela izinyathelo eziningana ukuze axilonge lesi simo.

1. Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba: Okokuqala, kwenziwa izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izinkinga zomzimba ngezitho zokuzwa nezenkulumo zengane (umlomo, ulimi, izintambo zezwi).

2. Imibuzo Yokukhula: Uzobuzwa imibuzo eningiliziwe mayelana nokukhula kwengane yakho, izindlela zokuziphatha, kanye nomlando womndeni kusukela ekuzalweni kuze kube manje.

3. Ukudluliselwa Kudokotela Wezifo Zenkulumo: Ungathunyelwa Kudokotela Wezifo Zenkulumo ukuze uhlole amakhono okukhuluma nolimi lwengane yakho.

4. Ukusekelwa nguchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo: Njengoba lesi simo sihlobene nokukhathazeka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukudlulisela ingane kudokotela wengqondo noma wezifo zengqondo onolwazi ngempilo yengqondo yengane. Yibo abangaqinisekisa ukuthi lesi simo ngempela siyi-Selective Mutism futhi bathuthukise uhlelo lokwelapha olufanele ingane.

Ungasiza kanjani njengomzali noma uthisha?

Ukusekelwa kwabazali, othisha, nomndeni kubalulekile ekwelapheni lesi simo.

Lokho abazali abangakwenza:

• Ukuqonda: Into yokuqala okufanele uyiqonde ukuthi lokhu akuyona indaba yokuba nenkani kwengane, kodwa kunalokho ukuthi isho into ehlukile ngenxa yokukhathazeka okungalawuleki.
• Ungamphoqi: Ungalokothi umphoqe ingane yakho ukuthi ikhulume. Ukwenza kanjalo kuzokwandisa ukukhathazeka kwengane. Ungasho izinto ezinjengokuthi, "Vula umlomo wakho ukhulume!"
• Bekezela: Lesi simo sithatha isikhathi ukuphulukiswa. Bekezela ngengane yakho. Mncome ngempumelelo yakhe encane (isib., ukumomotheka kothile, ukunqekuzisa ikhanda).
• Landela iseluleko sezokwelapha: Landela imiyalelo enikezwe udokotela wengane yakho kanye nomeluleki wayo ngqo.

Lokho othisha abangakwenza:

• Ukungakhohlwa ingane:Ngisho noma ingane ingakhulumi, qonda ukuthi isekilasini futhi ilalele izifundo.
• Ukunikeza ezinye izindlela: Vumela ezinye izindlela njengokubhala, ukudweba, noma ukunqekuzisa ikhanda ukuphendula imibuzo.
• Ukudala indawo ephephile: Dala indawo lapho ingane yakho izizwa iphephile khona ekilasini. Menze ahlale eduze komngane omethembayo.
• Ukwazi: Chazela abanye abantwana ngalesi simo ngendlela elula, futhi ubakhuthaze ukuba basize lo mntwana futhi bangamhlukanisi.

Lokho okungenziwa yizingane zakini nabangani:

• Ungazahlukanisi: Ungazahlukanisi ingane yakho, mfake emidlalweni. Ngisho noma ingakhulumi, isengadlala.
• Ukuvikelwa ekuxhashazweni: Uma abanye abantwana behlekisa ngalo mntwana ngamagama anjengokuthi “isilima”, khuluma ngokumelene nalokho bese wazisa othisha.
• Ukusiza: Uma ingane idinga ukusho okuthile, yisize ikusho egameni layo (ngemvume yengane).