Momma yensua sɔhwɛ bi a ɛhwɛ w’ani so ho ade? (Aniwa so Sɔhwɛ) .

So woakɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn pɛn na woama wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu titiriw bi de ahwɛ baabi a w’aniwa no kodu? Ɛno ne nea yɛfrɛ no ``Visual Field Test.'' Nokwarem no ɛyɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye, a ɛnyɛ yaw. Enti momma yɛnka ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri.

Dɛn na saa `(Visual Field Test)` yi hwɛ?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, sɔhwɛ yi susuw nneɛma atitiriw abien.

• Ɛyɛ baabi a w’ani tumi hu soro, fam, benkum, ne nifa bere a wohwɛ w’anim tẽẽ a wunhinhim wo ti no.
• Adeɛ foforɔ ne sɛ, wowɔ beaeɛ a wobɛtumi ahunu no nyinaa (yɛfrɛ yei `visual field`), ne sɛdeɛ w'anisoadehunu no yɛ nkateɛ wɔ n'afã biara mu.

Wunim, yɛn ani tumi hu baabi kɛse bi wɔ yɛn anim prɛko pɛ. Sɛ woanhinhim w’ani mpo a, ɛnyɛ nea ɛwɔ w’anim tẽẽ nko na wubetumi ahu, na mmom nea ɛwɔ soro, ase, ne nkyɛnkyɛn nso. Nnuruyɛfo frɛ nea wuhu wɔ beae a ɛwɔ w’anim tẽẽ yi akyi no ``anisoadehu a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri.' ' Nea wuhu wɔ w'anim tẽẽ ne ``mfinimfini anisoadehu.''

Mpɛn pii no, yehu pefee kɛse wɔ saa `aniwa a wɔde hwɛ ade` yi mfinimfini. Ɛno nti na wodane w’ani hwɛ biribi a wopɛ sɛ wuhu no pefee no. Bere a wotwe wo ho fi w’anisoadehu no mfinimfini no, nneɛma mu nna hɔ kɛse. Sɛ ade bi kɔ akyirikyiri dodo kɔ nkyɛn a, ɛyera koraa fi w’ani so.

Bere bɛn na wɔyɛ ``Visual Field Test''?

Sɛ wokɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn (aniwa ho oduruyɛfo anaa aniwa ho ɔyaresafo) a, wɔbɛyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu sɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa no fã. Eyi betumi aboa wo duruyɛfo ma wahu tebea horow te sɛ glaucoma , a ebetumi asɛe w’ani nkakrankakra no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ntɛm. Ebia nnipa binom a wɔwɔ atiridiinini no renhu nsakrae biara wɔ wɔn ani so mfiase no. Nanso, nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ aniwa mu no betumi ahu sɛ wɔahwere aniwa a ɛwɔ akyi no.

Saa sɔhwɛ yi nso betumi akyerɛ wo biribi foforo. Ɛkyerɛ wo sɛnea ntini no afã horow a ɛboa wo ma wuhu ade no yɛ adwuma. Ntini no afã horow a ɛboa wo ma wuhu ade no bi ne:

• Wo retina : Eyi te sɛ transducer a ɛwɔ w’ani mu. Egye hann ahoɔden na ɛdan no anyinam ahoɔden sɛnkyerɛnne.
• W’aniwa ntini : Saa ntini yi de saa anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne no kɔ amemene no mu, na ɛhɔ na wɔdannan no mfonini.
• W’amemene : Awiei koraa no, saa nsɛnkyerɛnne no bɛyɛ mfonini ahorow a wuhu wɔ w’amemene mu.

Fa no sɛ, sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ nhyehyɛe yi mu baabiara a, ebetumi aka w’aniwa. Nhwɛso ahorow bi wɔ nea efi sɔhwɛ yi mu ba no mu. Sɛ nnuruyɛfo hwɛ saa nhwɛso ahorow no a, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛte ɔsɛe anaa yare ko a ɛwɔ hɔ no ase.

Afei nso, ɛdenam saa ``Visual Field Test'' yi a wobɛsan ayɛ wɔ bere pɔtee bi mu so no, nnuruyɛfo betumi ahu sɛ wo tebea no retu mpɔn anaasɛ ɛresɛe.

Nyarewa ahorow bɛn na oduruyɛfo bɛkamfo nhwehwɛmu yi akyerɛ?

Sɛ wowɔ ayaresa tebea horow bi, anaasɛ wo duruyɛfo susuw sɛ wowɔ bi a, obetumi akamfo akyerɛ sɛ wonyɛ ``Visual Field Test''. Nnuruyɛfo de nea efi sɔhwɛ yi mu ba no di dwuma de ``hwehwɛ'' na ``hwɛ'' tebea no so. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• `(Glaucoma)`
• Nnwodwoɔ
• Macular degeneration a ɛyɛ mmerɛw
• `(Multiple sclerosis (MS))` (Eyi yɛ yare a ɛka ntini ahorow) .
• `(Graves' disease)` (Eyi yɛ yare a ɛfa thyroid gland ho) .
• Pituitary ntini mu yare
• Anifuraefo (scotoma) .

Adɛn nti na ɛsɛ sɛ nnipa binom yɛ saa ``Visual Field Test'' yi mpɛn pii?

Ɛtɔ da bi a, w'ani duruyɛfoɔ bɛtumi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ saa ``Visual Field Test'' yi bio ntɛmntɛm na ama woahwɛ sɛ nea ɛfiri mu ba no yɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ. Kae sɛ, sɛ wote nka sɛ woabrɛ a, ebia sɔhwɛ no mu aba no renyɛ nea wotumi de ho to so saa.

Anaasɛ, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ san nyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi bio wɔ adapɛn kakraa bi, asram kakraa bi, anaa afe biako mpo mu. Eyi betumi aboa ma wɔahu ɔhaw foforo biara ntɛm . Sɛ wowɔ aniwa mu yareɛ bi a, wo duruyɛfoɔ bɛyɛ saa ``Visual Field Test'' yi daa de ahwɛ sɛdeɛ w'ayaresa no reyɛ adwuma yie.

Saa sɔhwɛ yi ho hia titiriw bere a wɔresa nnipa a wɔwɔ atiridiinini yare no. Sɛ wunnim mpo a, sɛ w’ani so atew a, oduruyɛfo no betumi afi sɔhwɛ yi mu ahu. Ɛno ne ade biako nti a ɛsɛ sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ atiridiinini no kɔ bere biara a wɔn duruyɛfo akyerɛ wɔn no nkyɛn .

Dɛn na ɛba bere a woyɛ `(Visual Field Test)`?

Ahosiesie titiriw biara nni hɔ a wuhia ma saa `(Visual Field Test) yi. Ɛnyɛ nea ɛyɛ hu, enti hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya ɔhaw biara a ɛbɛba no sua koraa.

``Visual Field Test'' ahorow pii wɔ hɔ. Nanso wɔn nyinaa wɔ ade biako a ɛyɛ pɛ: ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ w’anim tẽẽ wɔ beae bi, na afei wode sɛnkyerɛnne kyerɛ bere a wuhu ade anaa kanea bi wɔ nkyɛn no.

Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛkyerɛ baabi pɔtee a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ mu na ama woayɛ nhwehwɛmu no yiye.

``Visual Field Tests`` mfitiaseɛ ahodoɔ mmienu na ɛwɔ hɔ, na ɛyɛ mmerɛw yie:

• Amsler grid: Eyi te sɛ grid a ɛyɛ ahinanan. Ɛyɛ nkyerɛwde a ɛyɛ tẽẽ a wɔatwe wɔ grid nsusuwii mu no ho nhwɛso. Wohwɛ nsensanee kɛse a ɛwɔ mfinimfini no. Afei, woka kyerɛ me sɛ nhama no te sɛ nea ɛyɛ kusuu, ɛyɛ nsensanee, anaasɛ abubu wɔ ɔfã biara a. Amsler grid no yɛ sɔhwɛ a wɔyɛ no ntɛmntɛm. Nanso ɛsusuw w’anisoadehu (a wɔfrɛ no mfinimfini anisoadehu) no mfinimfini nkutoo. Ɛma oduruyɛfo no nya nsɛm kakraa bi pɛ.
• `(Confrontation visual field)` sɔhwɛ: Wɔ eyi mu no, asɛmfua 'confrontation' kyerɛ sɛ onipa a ɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no te onipa a ɔrehwɛ sɔhwɛ no anim, bɛyɛ anammɔn 3 kosi 4 (bɛyɛ mita biako). Onipa a ɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no teɛ ne nsa kɔ nkyɛnkyɛn. Ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ w’anim tẽẽ. Afei ɔde ne nsa biako ba, afei ɔde foforo no ba wo nkyɛn. Ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ sɛnkyerɛnne bere a wuhu ne nsa ara pɛ.

Saa ``Confrontation visual field'' sɔhwɛ yi susuw ``visual field'' no akyi pɛɛ nkutoo. Ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ koraa.

So `(Visual Field Test)` ahorow afoforo wɔ hɔ?

Yiw, ebia wobɛte `(Visual Field Test)` ahorow afoforo ne din afoforo a wɔde frɛ wɔn ho asɛm. Sɛ nhwɛso no, `static perimetry` ne `kinetic perimetry` sɔhwɛ ahorow. (`Perimetry test` nso yɛ din foforo a wɔde frɛ `peripheral vision test`, a ɛkyerɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛhwɛ peripheral vision.)

• `(Kinetic perimetry)` sɔhwɛ: Wɔ eyi mu no, onipa a ɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no de ade bi di akɔneaba, na ɛsɛ sɛ woka kyerɛ wɔn bere a woahu no. Nnuruyɛfo taa de `(Goldmann perimetry test) di dwuma.`
• Static perimetry test: Aniwa a wɔde hwɛ ade a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri a wɔde wɔn ankasa yɛ no yɛ static perimetry sɔhwɛ bi. Wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu no, wohwɛ afiri bi a ɛte sɛ bɔɔl mu. Sɛ wuhu ade bi a, womia bɔtn bi so de kyerɛ. Nhwɛso ahorow a ɛfa static sɔhwɛ ahorow ho ne Humphrey ne Octopus mfiri ahorow no.

Bere tenten ahe na `(Visual Field Test)` gye?

Mpɛn pii no, egye ntra simma anum kosi du wɔ aniwa biara ho.

`(Visual Field Test)` bɛn na ɛma nsɛm a ɛkɔ akyiri sen biara?

Mprempren nnwinnade a wɔde kɔmputa ayɛ wɔ hɔ a wɔde bɛyɛ Visual Field Test na wɔabu nea efi mu ba no ho akontaa. Nea efi nnwinnade yi mu ba no yɛ nea edi mu kɛse na wotumi san yɛ bio. Nneɛma pii nti na ɛte saa:

• Wo ti tra baabi biako bere a woreyɛ sɔhwɛ no nyinaa.
• Wubetumi ahu sɛ saa afiri yi wɔ mfinimfini ‘botae’ kɛse bi. Enti wubetumi ama aniwa no mfinimfini atra baabi biako.
• Saa mfiri yi de hann nketenkete bi di dwuma de sɔ anisoadehu hwɛ. Oduruyɛfo noWubetumi asusuw sɛnea wohu ade wɔ beae biara, na woasesa hann yi hyerɛn ne ne kɔla.
• Gyinapɛn ahorow a emu da hɔ wɔ hɔ a ɛkyerɛ nea ɛyɛ nea efi mu ba a ‘ɛyɛ daa’. Saa mfiri yi betumi de sɔhwɛ foforo biara a ɛyɛ atoto gyinapɛn ahorow yi ho.

Dɛn na nea efii `(Visual Field Test)` mu bae no ka?

Nea efi mu ba a ɛyɛ 'normal' wɔ ``Visual Field Test'' mu no kyerɛ sɛ wubetumi ahu obi a onni anisoadehu mu haw biara.

Saa sɔhwɛ yi kyerɛ sɛnea aniwa so tew ne mmeae a ɛka. Afiri no tintim nea efi mu ba no sɛ `patterns of dots` anaa `numbers`. Saa nhyehyɛe ahorow yi ma wo duruyɛfo no kyerɛ sɛnea w’ani ne w’aniwa nhyehyɛe no reyɛ adwuma yiye. Eyi boa wo duruyɛfo ma ohu nea ɛyɛ akwahosan tebea a ɛhyɛ ase ne ayaresa a wuhia.

Sɔhwɛ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ aniwa no ayera kyerɛ sɛ w’aniwa nhu ade yiye sɛnea ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ wɔ mmeae bi no. Sɔhwɛ no betumi akyerɛ sɛ woahwere w’ani so wɔ beae ketewaa bi, anaasɛ woahwere w’ani koraa wɔ mmeae akɛse.

Bere bɛn na mɛhu nea efi sɔhwɛ no mu aba?

Mpɛn pii no, ɛsɛ sɛ wo duruyɛfo tumi ma wo nea efi mu ba no ntɛm ara.

Sɛ nea efi mu ba no nyɛ nea ɛfata a, dɛn na ɛba akyi?

Nea efi mu ba a ɛnteɛ betumi akyerɛ nneɛma ahorow pii. Saa nsunsuansoɔ yi tumi kyerɛ ɔhaw ahodoɔ, te sɛ `(Glaucoma)`, `(Macular degeneration)` anaa `(Stroke`). Enti, anammɔn a edi hɔ (`follow-up`) no betumi ayɛ soronko.

W’ani duruyɛfo ne wo bɛkasa afa ayaresa a wubetumi apaw ho.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mefrɛ me duruyɛfo ?

Sɛ wuhu ade foforo anaasɛ w’ani nyɛ wo dɛ a, ɛsɛ sɛ wo ne w’ani duruyɛfo di nkitaho bere nyinaa. Sɛ wohu aniwa a ɛyera mpofirim anaasɛ w’ani yɛ wo yaw kɛse a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ mu ntɛm ara.

Ɛyɛ adwene pa sɛ wobɛyɛ w’ani mu nhwehwɛmu daa. Sɛ́ wo sɔhwɛ no fã no, ɛda adi sɛ wobɛyɛ aniwa mu sɔhwɛ de ahu sɛnea wubetumi ahu w’ani atifi, ase, ne w’ani nkyɛnkyɛn yiye. Sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ w’aniwa mu a, nea ebefi mu aba no betumi aboa wo duruyɛfo ma wahu ayaresa tebea bi a ebia wowɔ anaasɛ wahu sɛnea mprempren ayaresa ahorow reyɛ adwuma yiye.

Enti, dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae fi eyinom nyinaa mu?

``Visual Field Test'' yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛnyɛ den, a ɛyaw nnim a ɛsusuw w'anisoadehu nyinaa, a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea ɛnyɛ w'anim nko na wubetumi ahu yiye, na mmom nea atwa wo ho ahyia nso.

Eyi yɛ mmoa kɛse wɔ nyarewa te sɛ atiridiinini a wohu ntɛm ne tebea horow a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw a wɔhwɛ so no mu.

Sɛ w’ani duruyɛfo kamfo nhwehwɛmu yi kyerɛ a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛyɛ, efisɛ ebetumi ayɛ nea ɛho hia kɛse wɔ w’ani a ɛsom bo a wobɛkora so no mu .

Sɛ wuhu nsakrae mpofirim wɔ w’ani so anaa ɛyaw mu a, mma wo werɛ mmfi sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm.

` Aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu, aniwa a ɛhwɛ ade, atiridiinini, anisoadehu a ɛwɔ akyi, aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu, aniwa ntini, Amsler grid