Asetra foforo a wode bɛma wo nufu akwahosan! Momma yensua saa 3D mammogram (Tomosynthesis) yi ho ade?

So ehu aka wo kakra anaasɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa wɔ wo nufu ho pɛn? Anaasɛ woate nufu mu kokoram ho asɛm na wopɛ sɛ wuhu ho nsɛm pii? Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka mammogram nhwehwɛmu a ɛboa yɛn wɔ mmere a ɛte saa mu, na ɛde mfiridwuma a ɛkɔ anim yiye na ɛyɛ adwuma ho asɛm. Ne din ne digital breast tomosynthesis, anaa sɛnea yɛn nyinaa nim no, 3D mammography.

Dɛn ne tomosynthesis? So ɛyɛ 3D mammogram ankasa?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, saa `(Tomosynthesis)` yi yɛ mammogram a ɛkɔ akyiri yiye a wɔde hu nufu mu kokoram . Ɛho wɔ mfaso titiriw sɛ wo nufu mu ntini yɛ den kakra, kyerɛ sɛ, `(Dense breast tissue)`. Wunim nea enti a ɛte saa? Wɔsan frɛ no `(3D mammography)`. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ saa afiri yi twa wo nufu ho mfonini pii a ɛwɔ afã abien (2D) na ɛka ne nyinaa bom ma ɛyɛ mfonini a ɛwɔ afã abiɛsa (3D) .

Mammogram a yɛtaa yɛ no fa nufu no ho mfonini a ɛwɔ afã abien (2D) nkutoo. Wɔda so ara bu no sɛ ɔkwan a wotumi de ho to so sen biara a wɔfa so hu nufu mu kokoram. Nanso, U.S. Aduan ne Nnuru Dwumadibea (FDA) penee saa mfiridwuma foforo yi a wɔfrɛ no tomosynthesis so wɔ afe 2011. Ɛyɛ nea eye wɔ kokoram a wohu mu araa ma ebia ɛbɛyɛ sika kɔkɔɔ gyinapɛn a wɔde bɛyɛ nufu mu nhwehwɛmu daakye .

Hena na wonya tomosynthesis so mfaso kɛse?

Nokwarem no, obiara a ɔpɛ sɛ wɔyɛ no mammogram no betumi anya mfaso afi saa `(Tomosynthesis)` yi mu. Nanso, titiriw sɛ wo nufu mu ntini yɛ den (sen sɛ ɛbɛyɛ srade) a, eyi som bo ma wo titiriw . Wɔkyerɛ sɛ mmea nyinaa mu bɛyɛ fã wɔ nufu a ɛyɛ den. Esiane sɛ wo nufu mu ntini yɛ den nti, ɛyɛ den kakra sɛ wubehu kokoram denam 2D ​​mammogram a wɔyɛ no daa so.

Susuw ho saa kwan yi so. Te sɛ mammogram a wɔyɛ no daa no, wɔde X-ray a ɛba fam na edi dwuma wɔ tomosynthesis mu. Ntini a ɛyɛ den – kyerɛ sɛ, dompe, akisikuru a ɛyɛ den, ne nufu mu ntini a ɛyɛ den – twetwe saa X-ray ahorow yi pii. Wɔda adi fitaa wɔ mammogram mu. Ɔhaw no ne sɛ, esiane sɛ kokoram ne nufu mu ntini a ɛyɛ den no nyinaa te sɛ fitaa nti, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wobehu abien no mu nsonsonoe.

Eyi ne baabi a dijitaal nufu tomosynthesis ba Ɛtwe wo nufu mfonini fi afã horow pii ne mfonini pii sen mammogram a wɔyɛ no daa. 3D mfonini a efi mu ba no mu da hɔ yiye. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ebetumi ahu kokoram a ebia "ɛde asie" wɔ nufu mu ntini a ɛyɛ den mu. Ebetumi nso ahu ntini a ɛte apɔw a ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea "ɛyɛ adwenem naayɛ" anaasɛ "ɛbɛyɛ sɛ" wɔ mammogram a wɔyɛ no daa mu no pɛpɛɛpɛ. Eyi nso ma nea efi mu ba a ɛnyɛ nokware a ɛyɛ papa no so tew.Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ ɛnyɛ den koraa sɛ wubehu sɛ "ebia wubenya kokoram" a wunnya bi ankasa. Ɛno yɛ ahotɔ kɛse, ɛnte saa?

Bere bɛn na ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ tomosynthesis?

Wɔde saa ``(Digital breast tomosynthesis)`` yi di dwuma wɔ akwan abien no mu biako so:

Sɛ́ sɔhwɛ a wɔde hwehwɛ nufu mu kokoram ntɛm

U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) kamfo kyerɛ sɛ mmea nyinaa mfi ase nyɛ nufu mu nhwehwɛmu bere a wɔadi mfe 40. Nanso, sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu anya nufu mu kokoram (i.e., abusua abakɔsɛm a emu yɛ den) a, ebia wobɛpɛ sɛ wufi ase yɛ nhwehwɛmu ntɛm. Tomosynthesis yɛ ɔkwan pa a wɔfa so si nhwehwɛmu ananmu. Te sɛ amanne kwan so mammogram no, ebetumi ahu kokoram ntɛm , ansa na woanya sɛnkyerɛnne biara.

Sɛ́ nhwehwɛmu a wɔde hu yare bere a sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ba no

Sɛ wowɔ nufu mu sɛnkyerɛnne biara – te sɛ nufu mu yaw, wo nufu mu akisikuru, anaa honam ani nsakrae a – wo duruyɛfo betumi akra ``Digital Breast Tomosynthesis''. Eyi yɛ ``Diagnostic'' sɔhwɛ. Eyi betumi aboa wo duruyɛfo ma asi so dua sɛ wunni kokoram, anaasɛ osi gyinae sɛ ebia ``Biopsy'' ho hia na ama woahu sɛ kokoram nkwammoaa bi wɔ hɔ anaa.

Hena na ɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ yi?

Mpɛn pii no, radiologic technologist anaa mammographer bɛgyina wo gyinabea ama nhwehwɛmu yi, ayɛ mammography afiri no adwuma, na afei wahwehwɛ mfonini ahorow no mu na wabɔ nea efi mu ba no ho amanneɛ akyerɛ wo duruyɛfo .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na saa tomosynthesis afiri yi yɛ adwuma?

Saa ``Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT)`` yi te sɛ mammogram a wɔyɛ no daa no ara pɛ. Nsonsonoe titiriw a ɛwɔ mu ne sɛ ɛtwa wo nufu ho mfonini a ɛkɔ akyiri, fi mmeae pii .

Fa no sɛ wɔ mammogram a wɔtaa yɛ mu no, wɔde wo nufu no si baabi a ɛyɛ tratraa na wɔde mia (wɔde mia) mprɛte abien a ɛda fam ntam. Afiri no twa wo nufu ho mfonini a ɛwɔ afã abien (2D) fi afã abien – soro kɔ fam ne ɔfã kɔ ɔfã.

Wɔ DBT mu no, wɔde wo nufu no si baabi na wɔmia no wɔ ɔkwan koro no ara so sɛnea wɔyɛ wɔ 2D mammogram a wɔyɛ no daa mu no. Nanso wɔ Tomosynthesis mu no, mammogram afiri no basa (X-ray tube) no tu kɔ wo nufu so wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa so . Bere a ɛretu no, ɛfa 2D mfonini pii fi mmeae ahorow.

Afei wɔde saa 2D mfonini ahorow yi digitized na wɔde kɔ kɔmputa so. Kɔmputa no ka mfonini ahorow yi nyinaa bom yɛ mfonini a ɛwɔ afã abiɛsa (3D) . Saa 3D mfonini yi kyerɛ nneɛma pii, na ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw kɛse sɛ wobehu nsonsonoe a ɛda ntini a ɛte apɔw ne ntini a ebetumi ayɛ kokoram ntam.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn asiesie wo ho ama tomosynthesis sɔhwɛ?

Ɛho hia sɛ woka w’aduruyɛ ho abakɔsɛm nyinaa kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo – titiriw wo nufu akwahosan. Nneɛma bi a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ de siesie wo ho ni:

• Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nsusuw w’aduruyɛ ho abakɔsɛm ho: Ka nufu mu tebea biara a wowɔ, oprehyɛn biara a woayɛ, nnuru a wɔde twitwiw wo nnansa yi, ne hormone biara a worenom ho asɛm kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Ka w’abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛfa nufu mu kokoram ho kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Sɛ woanyinsɛn anaasɛ worenom nufu a, ɛsɛ sɛ wo duruyɛfo nso hu eyi.
• Ma wo mprempren oduruyɛfo no mfa nhwehwɛmu ahorow a atwam no mu aba nkɔma wo: Sɛ wɔayɛ wo nufu mu nhwehwɛmu wɔ baabi foforo pɛn a, hwɛ hu sɛ wode saa mfonini ahorow no bɛkɔ akɔma wo mprempren oduruyɛfo no. Ɛnyɛ den sɛ wubehu nneɛma a ɛnteɛ bere a wode mfonini ahorow a worenya no toto nea atwam no ho no.
• Yɛ wo sɔhwɛ ho nhyehyɛe da a wo nufu nyɛ yaw: Mpɛn pii no, nufu mu yɛ mmerɛw kakraa bi wɔ dapɛn biako anaa abien a edi kan bere a wo nna awie no mu. Ɛno ne bere a eye sen biara a wobetumi ayɛ mammogram.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ kwan da a wɔbɛyɛ sɔhwɛ no?

Hwɛ kwan sɛ sɔhwɛ yi begye bɛyɛ simma 30 . Wubetumi akɔ fie da koro no ara. Ma nneɛma yi ntra w’adwenem na ama woasiesie wo ho:

• Gware sɛnea ɛsɛ, nanso mfa nnuru biara a wɔde yɛ wo ho te sɛ deodorant, powder, anaa lotion nhyɛ wo ho. Eyinom betumi ada adi sɛ nsensanee fitaa wɔ mammogram no so, na ebetumi ama wɔakyerɛ nea efi mu ba no ase wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so.
• Hyɛ ntade a ɛyɛ fɛ a ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobɛsesa. Ɛda adi sɛ ebehia sɛ wuyi wo soro (atifi ne bra) na wohyɛ ayaresabea atade a ebue wɔ anim.
• Mma nhyɛ agude. Kɔnmuade ne asomuade atenten nso betumi akyinkyim mammogram mfonini no. Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wubegyaw wɔn wɔ fie. Bisa adwumayɛfo no sɛ ɛnyɛ hwee sɛ wobɛhyɛ biribi te sɛ asomuade nketewa anaa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ tomosynthesis sɔhwɛ? So wubetumi akyerɛkyerɛ mu kakra?

Wɔyɛ saa `(DBT)` yi te sɛ mammogram a wɔyɛ no daa no ara pɛ. Nsonsonoe titiriw ne sɛ wɔ `(DBT)` mu no, afiri no basa (X-ray tube) no ma X-rays bere a ɛkɔ brɛoo wɔ arc mu twa wo nufu ho hyia no.

• Mfiridwuma ho nimdefo no bɛma woagyina afiri a wɔde hwehwɛ nufu mu no anim na wode wo nufu biako ato asɛnka agua no so. Wɔbɛsesa afiri no sorokɔ ma ayɛ nea ɛfata na wɔde wo nufu no asi hɔ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobetumi ahu no yiye.
• Sɛ wode si baabi a ɛfata wie a, plastic prɛte bi bɛkɔ fam nkakrankakra, na ɛbɛmia wo nufu no so wɔ asɛnka agua no so. Wobɛte nhyɛso bi nka saa bere yi. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ kakra. Nanso sɛ wote ɛyaw bi nka a, ka kyerɛ mfiridwuma ho nimdefo no. Kae sɛ biribi titiriw bi wɔ hɔ a ɛma wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ yi. Saa mia yi ma radiologist no hu wo nufu mu ntini yiye. Afei nso, esiane sɛ wɔamia ntini no nti, wobetumi de mframa a ɛba fam adi dwuma.
• Mfiridwumayɛfo no bɛtu kakra de ayɛ afiri no adwuma. Ɛsɛ sɛ wotra hɔ dinn bere a afiri no retu no.Ebia mfiridwuma ho nimdefo no nso bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ kura wo home mu bere a afiri no retwa mfonini ahorow no (sekan kakraa bi).
• X-ray afiri no di akɔneaba wɔ wo nufu no ho, na ɛma X-ray ahorow pii a ɛnyɛ den pii ba.
• Bere a mfiridwuma ho nimdefo no atwa nufu biako mfonini a ɛdɔɔso akyi no, ɔyɛ saa ara ma nufu foforo no.

Kae: Ɛwom sɛ ebia sɔhwɛ yi bɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛnyɛ dɛ kakra de, nanso ɛho hia paa ma w’akwahosan. Enti monyɛ den.

Mframa ahe na wɔde di dwuma wɔ tomosynthesis mu? So ɛyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ yesuro?

Wɔ United States no, FDA apene so sɛ wɔmfa DBT nka nufu mu nhwehwɛmu nkutoo ho. Mframa dodow a wɔde ma nyinaa bɛyɛ nea wɔde yɛ nufusu mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa no mmɔho abiɛsa . Bere a "mprɛnsa" betumi ayɛ te sɛ nea ɛdɔɔso no, ɛda so ara yɛ mframa a ɛba fam koraa, na wobu no sɛ ɛyɛ dodow a ahobammɔ wom .

`(Tomosynthesis)` akwan foforo bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi ayɛ mfonini a ɛwɔ afã abien (2D) afi data koro no ara a wɔde yɛ mfonini a ɛwɔ afã abiɛsa (3D) no mu. Eyi ma mframa a wɔde bɔ nipadua no mu no so tew bio, na ɛboro nufu mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa no so kakra .

Mammography, a ``Tomosynthesis,'' ka ho, de mframa a ɛba fam koraa, a ahobammɔ wom sen biara di dwuma de ma mfonini a ɛkorɔn de hu nufu mu kokoram. Enti nsuro eyi a ɛho nhia.

Nea afi mu aba no te dɛn? Dɛn na wɔka kyerɛ yɛn?

Oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ mframa so bɛhwehwɛ wo mfonini ahorow mu ahwehwɛ nufu mu kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow. Sɛ ohu biribi a ɛyɛ adwenem naayɛ a, obetumi de 3D mfonini no atoto nea woadi kan ayɛ wɔ mammogram mu anaa 2D mfonini ahorow no ho. Ɔbɛkyerɛw amanneɛbɔ ama wo duruyɛfo, na ɔbɛkyerɛ wo nea ebefi mu aba.

Ɛdenam nea ebefi mu aba so no, ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ wunni kokoram. Anaasɛ, ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo ho hia na ama wɔatumi ahwehwɛ ntini a ɛyɛ hu no mu bio. Ebia nea ɛka eyi ho ne mammogram foforo, ultrasound, MRI, anaa biopsy. Ɔkwan biako pɛ a wobɛfa so ahu ampa sɛ wowɔ kokoram ne sɛ wobɛyɛ biopsy.

Bere tenten ahe na egye ansa na wɔahu nea efi mu ba?

Mpɛn pii no, wonya nea efi mu ba no wɔ nna kakraa bi mu , nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi agye bere tenten. Ansa na wobɛfiri beaeɛ a wɔreyɛ nhwehwɛmu no, bisa sɛdeɛ wobɛnya wo nsunsuansoɔ ne berɛ a wobɛtumi ahwɛ kwan.

Enti, so tomosynthesis ye sen mammogram a wɔyɛ no daa?

Tomosynthesis ma wunya wo nufu ho mfonini a ɛkɔ akyiri sen mammogram a wɔtaa yɛ. Ɛyɛ papa wɔ kokoram a wohu wɔ nnipa a wɔn nufu mu ntini yɛ den mu na ɛtew nea efi mu ba a ɛnyɛ nokware so. Nanso, wɔda so ara gye akyinnye sɛ ebia 3D mammograms ye sen 2D mammograms a wɔde hwehwɛ nufu mu kokoram mu wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so anaa.Nhwehwɛmu da so ara kɔ so.

Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wubedi wo duruyɛfo nyansahyɛ ahorow a ɛfa nufu mu nhwehwɛmu a wuhia a egyina w’aduruyɛ ho abakɔsɛm ne sɛnea wo nufu mu ntini te so no akyi.

So tomosynthesis ne 3D mammogram yɛ ade koro?

Yiw, ɛte saa! Tomosynthesis, nufu mu tomosynthesis, dijitaal nufu mu tomosynthesis, ne 3D mammogram nyinaa yɛ din a wɔde frɛ sɔhwɛ kwan koro no ara.

So ɛyɛ nokware sɛ tomosynthesis ye ma nnipa a wɔn nufu yɛ den?

Yiw, ɛte saa. Eyi ma wunya wo nufu no ho mfonini a ɛkɔ akyiri, na ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw kɛse ma radiologist sɛ obehu nsonsonoe a ɛda nufu mu ntini a ɛyɛ den ne kokoram ntam.

Nneɛma a ɛho hia paa a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae fi nea yɛaka ho asɛm no mu (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, enti seesei wowɔ adwene pa wɔ nea yɛaka ho asɛm no ho, Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT). Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ , sɛ wowɔ nufu mu ntini a ɛyɛ den a, eyi betumi ayɛ ɔkwan pa a wobɛfa so ahu nufu mu kokoram.

• Sɛ bere aso sɛ wɔyɛ wo mammogram a, bisa wo duruyɛfo sɛ wɔyɛ tomosynthesis sɛ nhwehwɛmu no fã anaa.
• Ɛdenam w’akwahosan so no, ebia mammogram a wɔyɛ no daa mpo bɛdɔɔso na ama woahu kokoram.
• Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, tomosynthesis betumi ama hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya kokoram no ayɛ kɛse, anaasɛ ebetumi atew adwennwen a ɛne sɛ wobenya atoro a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya kokoram no so nso.
• Mma ntwentwɛn wo nan ase da sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo biribiara afa nhwehwɛmu yi ho, a nea enti a ɛfata wo (anaasɛ ɛnsɛ) ka ho. Ɛho hia sɛ wɔbɔ wo amanneɛ wɔ w’akwahosan ho.

` Nufu mu kokoram, tomosynthesis, 3D mammogram, nufu mu nhwehwɛmu, nufu mu nhwehwɛmu, nufu a ɛyɛ den, kokoram a wohu