Momma yensua pii fa mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ de hu asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ mogya mu ntini mu yare no ho.

So woasusuw sɛnea wo koma te apɔw no ho pɛn? Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, yebetumi anya nyarewa a efi koma mu a yenhu mpo. Nanso anigyesɛm ne sɛ, mogya mu nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aboa ma wɔahu nneɛma a ɛde asiane ba yi ntɛm. Enti ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka nea mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi yɛ ne sɛnea ebetumi aboa wo ma woahu asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya komayare, titiriw ahrawa mu yare (CAD) ho asɛm. Momma yɛmmɔ mmɔden sɛ yɛbɛte eyi ase kɛkɛ, te sɛ nea wo ne w’adamfo bi rekasa.

Dɛn nti na wuhia mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi?

Seesei ebia woresusuw ho sɛ, "Dɛn nti na mihia mogya mu nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi?" Ɛnyɛ obiara na ohia wɔn ntɛm ara. Nanso tebea horow bi wɔ hɔ a ebia oduruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ wo sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi. Hwɛ sɛ ntease ahorow yi fa wo ho anaa:

• Adidi su: Wotaa di nnuan a ɛmfata a ngo, asikre, ne esiam pii wom.
• Abusua abakɔsɛm: Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu, titiriw wo maame, wo papa, anaa wo nuanom anya komayare (CAD) ansa na wadi mfe 50 a .
• Kɛseyɛ mmoroso anaa mu duru a ɛkɔ soro: Sɛ wo nipadua mu duru boro sɛnea ɛte daa no so koraa a.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wonnya: Sɛ nipadua no ntumi nteɛteɛ n’apɔw mu sɛnea ɛsɛ awiabere a.
• Sigaretnom: Sɛ woyɛ obi a ɔnom sigaret anaasɛ wode tawa ahorow afoforo di dwuma (e.g., betel nut anaa betel ahaban).
• Ayaresa mu tebea afoforo: Sɛ wowɔ nyarewa te sɛ Asikreyare, Mogya mmoroso dedaw, anaasɛ woadi kan anya komayare anaa akisikuru a.

Sɛ wowɔ nsɛm yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a, ɛbɛyɛ nea nyansa wom sɛ wo ne oduruyɛfo bɛkasa na woayɛ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu te sɛ eyi.

Hena na ɔyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi?

Mpɛn pii no, obi a wɔatete no ama saa atirimpɔw yi na ogye mogya fi wo hɔ. Yɛfrɛ wɔn ``Phlebotomist'' anaa ``Phlebotomy technician''. Afei wɔde mogya yi kɔ aduruyɛdan mu. ``Medical laboratory technician'' bi wɔ hɔ. Ɔde mfiri soronko bi susuw nneɛma ahorow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu na ɔyɛ amanneɛbɔ.

Dɛn na mogya mu nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi susuw de hu asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ komayare?

Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ nea mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi hwehwɛ ankasa. Eyinom ne nea nnuruyɛfo de nya adwene wɔ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya komayare no ho.

Cholesterol ne Nneɛma a Ɛfa Ho

• Total Cholesterol (TC): Eyi ne srade dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu nyinaa. Ɛne asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya komayare no wɔ abusuabɔ tẽẽ.
• Triglycerides (TG): Eyi nso yɛ srade bi. Eyinom nso ne komayare wɔ abusuabɔ. Asikre a ɛnyɛ den, carbohydrates a ɛnyɛ den (te sɛ paanoo, aburow), nnuan a srade wom, ne nsa a yedi no betumi ama saa `(TG)` dodow yi akɔ soro. Wobetumi atew eyi so denam apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ pa so.
• High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL): Eyi ne nea yɛfrɛ no “srade pa.” Dodow a ɛdɔɔso wɔ mogya no mu no, dodow no ara na asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare no so tew.
• Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL): Eyi ne nea yɛfrɛ no "srade bɔne." Dodow a ɛdɔɔso wɔ mogya no mu no, dodow no ara na asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare no yɛ kɛse.
• Lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)): Eyi ba bere a protein bi a wɔfrɛ no apo(a) bata LDL srade ho no. Sɛ ne dodow dɔɔso wɔ mogya no mu a, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare, ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase, mogya a ɛbɛtɔ, srade a ɛbɛkɔ ntini ahorow no mu bere a wɔayɛ oprehyɛn a wɔde twa mogya mu ntini no ho ahyia akyi, ne komayare no mu ntini a ɛbɛsan ayɛ ketewaa bio bere a wɔayɛ mogya ntini no mu no kɛse. Eyi betumi atu mmirika wɔ mmusua mu nso. Enti, sɛ obi a ɔwɔ abusua no mu anya komayare wɔ ne mmofraase a, oduruyɛfo no bɛkamfo nhwehwɛmu yi akyerɛ.
• Apolipoprotein B (ApoB): Eyi yɛ protein titiriw a ɛwɔ srade mu. Nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi kyerɛ sɛ ApoB dodow yɛ asiane ho sɛnkyerɛnne pa sen LDL dodow nkutoo. ApoB dodow a ɛkɔ soro no kyerɛ sɛ LDL nketenkete a ɛyɛ den dodow akɔ soro.

Mogya mu nneɛma afoforo a ɛho hia ne nneɛma a wɔde kyerɛ

• Complete Blood Count with Differential (CBC): Nhwehwɛmu yi susuw mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa, ne mogya mu nkwammoaa dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu. Etumi hu tebea horow te sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu, a ɛyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a enni nipadua no mu.
• Homocysteine ​​(Hcy): Eyi yɛ amino acid. Eyi dodow a ɛdɔɔso wɔ mogya mu no ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare no yɛ kɛse.
• Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c): Saa mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi boa ma wohu asikreyare. Asikreyare yɛ tebea a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya ahrawa mu yare (CAD) no yɛ kɛse. Saa nhwehwɛmu yi kyerɛ sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu wɔ asram abien kosi abiɛsa a atwam no mu.
• Mmuadadi Mogya mu Glucose / Mmuadadi Mogya Asikre: Eyi kyerɛ wo mogya mu asikre dodow anɔpa bere a woadi mmuada anadwo no. Ebetumi ahu asikreyare a edi kan ne asikreyare, na ne nyinaa ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya komayare no yɛ kɛse.
• Creatine Kinase (CK): Eyi yɛ enzyme bi a ɛwɔ ntini no mu. Sɛ worenom nnuru a ɛtew srade so (sɛ nhwɛso no, statin) a, ne dodow betumi akɔ soro.
• Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) anaa SGPT: Eyi yɛ enzyme bi a ɛwɔ mmerɛbo mu. Ebia ne dodow bɛkɔ soro bere a wonom nnuru a ɛma mogya mu srade so tew no.
• Aspartate Transaminase (AST) anaa SGOT: Eyi yɛ enzyme foforo a ɛwɔ mmerɛbo mu. Ebetumi nso akɔ soro bere a wɔnom nnuru a ɛma mogya mu srade so tew no.
• Fibrinogen a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwuma:Eyi yɛ protein a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu. Ɛboa ma wo mogya tu. Nanso sɛ ɛkɔ soro dodo a, ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya komayare no yɛ kɛse.
• Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH): Eyi kyerɛ sɛnea wo thyroid ntini no reyɛ adwuma yiye. Wɔde thyroid a ɛnyɛ adwuma yiye no abata komayare ne koma a ɛbɔ a ɛnteɛ ho.
• Ultra-sensitive C-reactive Protein (us-CRP) anaa High-sensitivity CRP: Eyi kyerɛ sɛ mogya ntini no mu ayɛ hyew. Dodow a ne dodow kɔ soro no, dodow no ara na asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya koma ne mogya ntini mu yare no yɛ kɛse.
• Urine Albumin-Creatinine Ratio (uACR): Eyi kyerɛ protein dodow a ɛwɔ nsu mu. Protein kakraa bi a ɛwɔ nsu mu mpo yɛ ade a ɛde komayare ba. Saa sɔhwɛ yi ho hia titiriw ma nnipa a wɔwɔ asikreyare.
• MPO (Myeloperoxidase): Eyi nso yɛ ade a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi ayɛ ɔfe. Eyi dodow a ɛkɔ soro no ne asiane a ɛkɔ soro a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare, ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase, ne hia a ehia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn a ɛfa ntini a ɛma mogya tu no ho no wɔ abusuabɔ. Eyi dodow a ɛkɔ soro nso betumi akyerɛ sɛ koma ne ntini mu yare no mu ayɛ den.
• Vitamin D: Eyi yɛ vitamin a srade wom. Ɛma calcium ne phosphate dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no yɛ adwuma yiye. Eyinom boa ma nnompe nya apɔwmuden. Vitamin D a enni nipadua mu no ne akwahosan ho asiane ahorow wɔ abusuabɔ. Afei nso, sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wubegye statin (nnuru a wɔde srade srade di dwuma) atom a, ebia vitamin D a wunni yi ne nea enti a ɛte saa.
• Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO): Mmoawa a wɔwɔ wo dwensɔtwaa mu na wɔyɛ eyi. Wohu no pii wɔ nam, nkesua, ne nufusu mu nneɛma mu. Nnuru a wɔde ka aduan ho te sɛ choline, lecithin, ne L-carnitine nso betumi ama TMAO dodow akɔ soro. TMAO a ɛdɔɔso wɔ mogya mu no betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare, akisikuru, ne ntini mu yare no ayɛ kɛse.
• Amino-terminal, pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP): Wɔyɛ saa protein yi wɔ wo koma mu. Ɛma ɛkɔ mogya no mu bere a wo koma ayɛ basaa kɛse no. Protein yi dodow a ɛdɔɔso kyerɛ sɛ asiane kɛse wɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare na ebetumi akyerɛ nso sɛ koma no dwumadi so atew. Wobetumi ayɛ sɔhwɛ afoforo de ahu pii.
• Serum Creatinine (CR): Eyi ne asaabo no dwumadi wɔ abusuabɔ. Sɛ asaabo no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye a, ebetumi de ɔhaw aba koma no so. Asaabo a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye yɛ tebea a ebetumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare no ayɛ kɛse. Na koma no nso betumi aka asaabo no.
• Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) Asiane Nkonimdie: Saa nkontabuo yi kyerɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobɛnya ``atherosclerotic'' adeyɛ (te sɛ komayareɛ anaa akisikuru) wɔ mfeɛ 10 a ɛdi hɔ no mu.

Susuw ho saa kwan yi so, sɔhwɛ ahorow yi mu biara te sɛ ɔsraani a ɔhwehwɛ nkurɔfo ho nsɛm mu. Egye nsɛnkyerɛnne biara na ama wɔatumi aka mfonini no nyinaa abom. Saa ara nso na nnuruyɛfo hwɛ nhwehwɛmu ho amanneɛbɔ ahorow yi na wotumi ba awiei wɔ wo koma akwahosan ho.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn asiesie wo ho ansa na woayɛ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu?

Ansa na wobɛtwe wo mogya no, ɛho hia sɛ wubisa wo duruyɛfo sɛ ebia ɛsɛ sɛ wugyae nnuru, vitamin, anaa nnuru biara a wode ma wo nom anaa. Nnuru bi betumi aka nea efi mogya mu nhwehwɛmu mu ba no. Nanso nnyae nnuru biara a wobɛnom da a wunnya wo duruyɛfo afotu.

Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu bi hwehwɛ sɛ wudi mmuada nnɔnhwerew pii (mpɛn pii no nnɔnhwerew 8-12) ansa na wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu no. Enti bisa wo duruyɛfo no eyi ho asɛm ansa na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu no.

Dɛn na ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no?

Mpɛn pii no, oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ ntini mu yare no de ade bi hyɛ ntini bi a ɛwɔ wo nsa atifi anaa wo nsateaa mu mu. Ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho yɛ wo yaw bere a wɔde ade no hyɛ ntini no mu no. Mogya a wɔtwe no gye bɛyɛ simma biako.

Sɛ wɔtwe mogya wie a, dɛn na ɛba?

Sɛ wɔfa mogya no wie a, phlebotomist no yi ade no, kura baabi a mogya no wɔ no, de plaster anaa kotoku bi gu so, na ɔde biribi a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma gu so.

Dɛn ne nea efi mu ba a minya? Dɛn na wɔka kyerɛ me?

Ɛsono nea ebefi mu aba a egyina nneɛma ahorow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no so. Wo duruyɛfo no ne wo bɛkasa afa nea afi mu aba no ho na wakyerɛ wo nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ akyi.

Nhwehwɛmu atitiriw pii a ɛfa komayare ho asiane ho no gyinapɛn ahorow bi a wɔtaa hwɛ kwan ni:

• Srade a Ɛma Nnipa Nyinaa (TC): .
• Mfeɛ 20 anaa nea ɛnnu saa: Ɛwɔ 75 - 169 mg/dL ntam.
• Mfeɛ 21 anaa nea ɛboro saa: Ɛwɔ 100 - 199 mg/dL ntam.
• Triglycerides (TG): Sɛ ennu 150 mg/dL a, eye. Sɛ ɛboro 500 - 1000 mg/dL a, asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya dwensɔtwaa mu yare. Mpɛn pii no, saa dodow yi dɔɔso wɔ nnipa a wɔayɛ kɛse mmoroso ne nnipa a wɔwɔ asikreyare mu.
• High-density lipoprotein (HDL - "srade pa"): Dodow a eyi kɔ soro no, dodow no ara na eye.
• Mmarima: ɛboro 45 mg/dL.
• Ɔbea: ɛboro 55 mg/dL.
• Lipoprotein a ɛba fam (LDL - "srade bɔne"): Dodow a ɛba fam no, dodow no ara na eye. Ɛsono dodow a wɔhwɛ kwan no a egyina w’akwahosan tebea so:
• Sɛ wowɔ komayare, mogya ntini mu yare, asikreyare, anaasɛ wowɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wubenya komayare a: Ennu 70 mg/dL.
• Sɛ wowɔ `(Metabolic Syndrome)` anaa nea ɛboro biako a ɛde komayare ba a: Ennu 100 mg/dL.
• Sɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya ahrawa mu yare sua a: Ennu 130 mg/dL.
• Mogya dodow a edi mũ (CBC): .
• Mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa dodow: 5,000 - 10,000 (microliter biara).
• Hematocrit (mogya dodow a mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ na ɛyɛ): Mmarima 40% - 55%; Mmea 36% - 48%.
• Hemoglobin (mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no fã a ɛde oxygen): Mmarima 14 - 18 gm/dL; Mmea 12 - 16 gm/dL.
• Lipoprotein (A) (Lp(a)): Sɛ ennu 30 mg/dL a, eye.
• Apolipoprotein B (ApoB): Sɛ wonnu 100 mg/dL a, eye.
• Homocysteine ​​(Hcy): Sɛ ennu 15 mcmol/L a, eye.
• Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu: .
• Akwahosan dodow: 6% anaa nea ennu saa.
• Asikreyare a edi kan: 5.7% - 6.4%.
• Asikreyare: 6.5% anaa nea ɛboro saa.
• Botaeɛ ma obi a ɔwɔ asikreyareɛ: 6.5% - ennu 7%.
• Mmuadadi Mogya mu Glucose: Sɛ ennu 100 mg/dL a, eye.
• Asikreyare a edi kan: 100 - 125 mg/dL.
• Asikreyare: 126 mg/dL anaa nea ɛboro saa wɔ mmere ahorow abien a ɛsono emu biara mu.
• Creatine Kinase (CK): Ɛyɛ nea ɛfata 30 - 220 U/L.
• Alanine aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT): Ɛyɛ nea ɛfata 5 - 45 U/L.
• Aspartate transaminase (AST/SGOT): Ɛyɛ nea ɛfata 7 - 40 U/L.
• Fibrinogen: Ɛyɛ nea ɛfata 200 - 400 mg/dL.
• Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH): Nea eye sen biara ne 0.4 - 5.5 mIU/mL. (Eyi betumi ayɛ soronko sɛ woadi kan anya thyroid ayaresa a.)
• Protein a ɛyɛ C-reactive a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye (us-CRP):
• Asiane a ɛba fam: ennu 2.0 mg/L.
• Asiane a ɛkɔ fam: 2.0 - 3.0 mg/L.
• Asiane kɛse: ɛboro 3.0 mg/L.
• Nsuo mu albumin-creatinine ratio (uACR): Sɛ wonnu 30 mg/g a, eye.
• MPO: Sɛ ennu 420 pmol/L a, eye.
• Vitamin D: Nea eye sen biara ne 31 - 80 ng/ml.
• Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) a wɔde yɛ aduru a wɔfrɛ no trimethylamine N-oxide:
• Asiane a ɛba fam: ennu 6.2 uM.
• Asiane a ɛkɔ fam: 6.2 - 9.9 uM.
• Asiane kɛse: 10 uM anaa nea ɛboro saa.

(Sɛ TMAO dodow dɔɔso a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wotew LDL so na di asiane afoforo so. Ebia wɔbɛkamfo nso sɛ wobɛnom aspirin a ɛba fam mprenu da biara na woadi Mediterranea aduan akyi.)

• NT-proBNP: Sɛ ennu 125 pg/mL a, eye.
• Creatinine a ɛwɔ mogya mu (CR): .
• Ɔbea: 0.58 - 0.96 mg/dL.
• Mmarima: 0.73 - 1.22 mg/dL.
• ASCVD asiane ho nkontabuo:
• Asiane a ɛba fam: <5% .
• Asiane a ɛwɔ ɔhye so: 5-7.4% .
• Asiane a ɛkɔ fam: 7.5-<20% .
• Asiane kɛse: >20% .

Nea ɛho hia: Eyinom yɛ gyinapɛn ahorow a wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ ara kwa. Ɛsɛ sɛ wode nea efi mu ba no toto nneɛma afoforo pii te sɛ mfe a woadi, wo bɔbeasu, ne ayaresa tebea afoforo ho. Enti , ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo susuw nea afi mu aba yi ho.

Bere tenten ahe na egye ansa na wɔahu nea efi mu ba?

Mpɛn pii no, nea efi mogya mu nhwehwɛmu mu ba no gye nna kakraa bi anaa nea ɛboro saa ansa na asan aba. Bisa wo duruyɛfo bere tenten a ebegye ansa na woanya nea efi mu ba no.

So ɛsɛ sɛ mesan kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn bio?

Sɛ wo nsa nkaa wo nhwehwɛmu no aba wɔ bɛyɛ adapɛn abien akyi a, frɛ wo duruyɛfo. Sɛ wunya nea efi mu ba no wie a, wo duruyɛfo no ne wo bɛbɔ ho nkɔmmɔ na wakyerɛ wo nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ akyi.

Kae sɛ, bere a mogya mu nhwehwɛmu betumi ama woanya asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya komayare no ho adwene pa de, nanso ɛno nkutoo ntumi nkyerɛ wo yiye sɛ wowɔ yare no. Sɛ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no dɔɔso a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo. Nsuro sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa afa nsɛmmisa anaa dadwen biara a wowɔ wɔ saa adeyɛ yi nyinaa mu ho.

Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, mogya mu nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi yɛ adwinnade a ɛsom bo a wɔde hu komayare ntɛm. Wubetumi agyina nsɛm a wɔde ma so ayɛ nsakrae wɔ w’asetra mu na sɛ ɛho hia a, woafi ase ayɛ ayaresa. Afei, wowɔ hokwan kɛse sɛ wobɛbɔ wo ho ban afi komayare a emu yɛ den ho.

Kae:

• Sɛ wowɔ nneɛma a ɛde komayare ba (nea yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm) a, ma wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi wɔ nnuruyɛfo afotu so.
• Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa nea ebefi mu aba no ho nkɔmmɔ pefee.
• Sɛ nea efi mu ba no kyerɛ sɛ asiane no dɔɔso a, mma ɛnhaw wo. Nea ɛkyerɛ ara ne sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ w’akwahosan so kakra.
• Wubetumi ama wo koma anya apɔwmuden denam aduan pa a wubedi akyi, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wobɛyɛ daa , ne sigaretnom a wobɛkwati so .

Sɛnea wo koma som bo ma wo no, saa ara nso na ɛsom bo kɛse sɛ wobɛhwɛ wo koma akwahosan!

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