Ahintasɛm a ɛma wo koma bɔ: Momma yensua Cardiac Conduction System no ho ade.

So woasusuw sɛnea wo koma bɔ bere nyinaa, pɛpɛɛpɛ saa no ho pɛn? Ɛte sɛ dɔn nsa a ɛrebɔ, a enni ɔhaw biara, da biara, mfe pii... Eyi nyɛ ade foforo ara kwa. Ɛlektrik nhyehyɛe bi a ɛyɛ nwonwa yiye wɔ yɛn koma mu. Ɛno ne nea yɛfrɛ no Cardiac Conduction System. Eyi te sɛ ‘anyinam nhama nhyehyɛe’ ketewaa bi a ɛwɔ koma no ankasa mu. Momma yɛnka nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ nwonwa yi ho asɛm wɔ nsɛm a ɛnyɛ den mu nnɛ.

Dɛn ne koma no mu ntini a ɛkɔ nipadua no mu no?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, wo koma no mu ntini a ɛma anyinam ahoɔden no yɛ nkwammoaa, ntini ahorow, ne anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne soronko bi a wɔahyehyɛ. Eyinom nyinaa bom yɛ adwuma ma wo koma kɔ so bɔ. Sɛnea ofie hia nhama a wɔde bɛsɔ akanea no, saa ara na wo koma rentumi nyɛ adwuma a enni hɔ.

Nkwammoaa ahorow atitiriw abien na ɛhwɛ yɛn koma bɔ so:

• Nkwammoaa a ɛde anyinam ahoɔden kɔ: Eyinom ne nea ɛde anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne kɔ. Wɔte sɛ abɔfo nkumaa.
• Ntini mu nkwammoaa: Eyinom na ɛhwɛ sɛnea koma no twetwe no so. Ɛne sɛ, koma no ‘pɔmpɛ’.

Saa anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne yi kyerɛ koma no bere ne ɔkwan a wɔbɛfa so de mogya akɔ nipadua no nyinaa mu. Fa no sɛ kar akwan sohwɛfo, a ɔma koma no yɛ adwuma wɔ bere a ɛfata pɛpɛɛpɛ mu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nhyehyɛe yi yɛ adwuma?

Wo koma no ntini a ɛma wo koma no ne nea ɛma sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛbɛma woafi ase abɔ. Ɛsan nso kyerɛ koma no afã horow bere a ɛsɛ sɛ ɛtwetwe ne bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wogye wɔn ahome. Saa kwan a wɔfa so twetwe ne ho na ɛma obi dwo yi na ɛhwɛ ma mogya fa koma no mu ne nipadua no nyinaa mu.

Mpɛn pii no, anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe yi ma koma bɔ ntɛmntɛm mpo . Ɛboa nso ma wo koma bɔ ntɛmntɛm bere a wuhia mogya ne mframa pa pii (sɛ nhwɛso no, bere a woteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu) na ɛma wo koma bɔ brɛoo bere a woregye w’ahome no.

Nea ɛkɔ so bere a koma rebɔ no, anammɔn biara

Bere biara a koma no bɔ no, anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne fa ɔkwan a koma no fa so no so. Eyi te sɛ sɛnea anyinam ahoɔden fa nhama a ɛwɔ ofie mfiri mu no mu. Ɛde anigye sɛnkyerɛnne bi a efi wo koma no fã bi a wɔfrɛ no sinoatrial (SA) node mu fi ase .

Saa nkanyan sɛnkyerɛnne yi tu kwan te sɛ eyi:

1. Atria (koma no atifi adan): Saa sɛnkyerɛnne yi di kan kɔ atria no mu. Afei atria no twetwe.

2. Atrioventricular (AV) node: Afei, sɛnkyerɛnne no kɔ AV node no so. Ɛha yi, sɛnkyerɛnne no akyɛ kakra. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ wɔbɛma mogya a ɛwɔ atria no mu nyinaa bere ma akɔ koma no mu adan a ɛwɔ fam no mu.

3. Ne Bundle: AV node no akyi no, sɛnkyerɛnne no fa His bundle yi so kɔ Purkinje nhama no mu.

4. Nkwammoaa (Ventricles - koma no ase adan) nam Purkinje nhama so:Sɛ awiei koraa no nkwammoaa no nya saa sɛnkyerɛnne yi a, ɛtwetwe. Ɛno ne bere a wɔde mogya fi koma no mu ne nipadua no nyinaa mu.

Sɛ anammɔn yi bom a, ɛyɛ koma ntini no a ɛtwetwe koraa biako. Wo koma mu anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe no de saa nsɛnkyerɛnne yi mpempem pii mena da biara, na ɛma wo koma bɔ a ennyae. So ɛnyɛ nwonwa?

Dɛn ne koma no mu ntini a ɛma mogya fa nipadua no mu no afã atitiriw?

Nkwammoaa ne ntini titiriw pii wɔ wo koma no mu a ɛhwɛ wo koma bɔ so. Wɔne:

• Sinoatrial node (SA ntini) .
• Atrioventricular node (AV ntini a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu) .
• Ne Bundle (atrioventricular bundle) .
• Purkinje nhama a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

Afei ma yɛnhwɛ afã horow yi mu biara nkɔ akyiri kakra.

Sinoatrial node (Sinoatrial - SA ntini a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu) .

Wo sinoatrial node (SA node) ne koma no abɔde mu ade a ɛma koma no bɔ kɛse. Ɛte sɛ ‘ɔpanyin’ a ɔwɔ koma no mu. Ɛyɛ nea ɛde anyinam ahoɔden a ɛma koma no fi ase bɔ no kɔ. Ɛtɔ da bi a, sɛ SA node no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye a, conduction system no afã horow a ɛwɔ fam no yɛ adwuma sɛ aboafo pacemaker cells.

SA node no wɔ koma no atrium nifa no atifi. Ne titiriw no, ɛbɛn baabi a superior vena cava, ntini kɛse bi a ɛde mogya a oxygen nnim fi wo nipadua mu kɔ koma no mu no kɔka atrium no ho.

Wo autonomic nervous system no na ɛhwɛ sɛnea SA node no de anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne mena ntɛmntɛm anaasɛ ɛyɛ brɛoo no so. Ntini no fã yi ma hormone ahorow a egyina nea woreyɛ so hwɛ wo koma bɔ so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wo koma bɔ kɔ soro bere a woteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu na sɛ woda nso so tew.

Autonomic nervous system no wɔ afã atitiriw abien:

• Sympathetic nervous system: Eyi ne ‘ɔko anaa guankɔbea mmuae’ wɔ abusuabɔ. Ɛma SA node no yɛ adwuma, na ɛma koma no bɔ kɛse.
• Parasympathetic nervous system: Eyi ne ‘ahomegye ne aduan mu mmuae’ wɔ abusuabɔ. Ɛma SA node no brɛ ase na ɛma koma no bɔ brɛoo.

Atrioventricular node (AV ntini a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu) .

Wo atrioventricular node (AV node) no bɛn wo koma mfinimfini. Ɛyɛ eyi denam anyinam ahoɔden sɛnkyerɛnne a efi SA node no mu a ɛtwentwɛn so bere pɔtee bi (sekan fã ketewaa bi) bere biara no so.

Saa akyɛde yi ho hia yiye efisɛ ɛhwɛ hu sɛ mogya a ɛwɔ koma no atifi (atria) no nyinaa atwam akɔ fam (ntini) no mu ansa na agyae twetwe.

Atria no ne nea egye mogya fi nipadua no mu na ɛde kɔ nkwammoaa no mu.

Ne Bundle (atrioventricular bundle) .

His no bundle yɛ nhama (ntini nkwammoaa) a efi ase wɔ AV node no mu. Saa nhama a wɔaboaboa ano yi gye anyinam ahoɔden sɛnkyerɛnne no fi AV node no mu na ɛde kɔ Purkinje nhama no mu.

Nwi akuwakuw no fa ɔfasu (septum) a ɛtetew wo nifa ne benkum ventricles ntam no so. Saa nhwi a wɔaboaboa ano yi wɔ nkorabata atitiriw abien:

• Benkum so bundle branch: Eyi de anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne kɔ benkum ventricle no mu denam Purkinje nhama no so.
• Right bundle branch: Eyi de anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne kɔ nifa ventricle no mu denam Purkinje nhama no so.

Purkinje nhama a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

Purkinje nhama yɛ ntini mu nkwammoaa titiriw bi a ɛde anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne kɔ wo koma no nifa ne benkum mu ntɛmntɛm. Purkinje nhama wɔ wo ventricles, ntini a ɛwɔ wo koma no mu a ɛyɛ wo koma no adan no afasu mu.

Sɛ Purkinje nhama no de anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne kɔ wo nkwammoaa no mu a, nkwammoaa no twetwe. Afei mogya fi ahurututu nifa mu kɔ ahurututu mu ntini ahorow no mu na efi benkum ahurututu no mu kɔ aorta no mu. Ahurututu mu ntini no de mogya kɔ ahurututu no mu ma ɛgye mframa pa. Aorta no ne ntini a ɛsõ sen biara wɔ wo nipadua mu, na ɛde mogya fi koma no mu kɔ wo nipadua no fã a aka no.

Saa afã horow yi te dɛn?

Eyinom yɛ afã nketenkete ankasa. Sɛ nhwɛso no, `SA` node no tenten bɛyɛ milimita 15 (bɛyɛ sɛ stapler pin kɛse) na ne tɛtrɛtɛ bɛyɛ milimita 4. `AV` node no tenten ne ne tɛtrɛtɛ bɛyɛ milimita 5 (bɛyɛ kanea switch ano). Wɔkyerɛ sɛ His a wɔaboaboa ano, ne nkorabata, ne Purkinje nhama a wɔaka abom no te sɛ dua a ɛdannan. Ne nkorabata a wɔaboaboa ano ne ne nkorabata no te sɛ dua dua, na Purkinje nhama no te sɛ dua nkorabata.

Ɔhaw bɛn na ebetumi asɔre wɔ nhyehyɛe yi mu?

Ayaresa mu tebea horow betumi aka wo koma mu anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe. Ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ koma no ntini a ɛma mogya no mu no betumi de koma no nnyigyei ho haw ahorow aba .

Koma mu nnyigyei a ɛtaa ba:

Tebea horow bi a ɛtaa ba ni:

• Arrhythmia: Koma a ɛbɔ a ɛnteɛ daa. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no atrial fibrillation (Afib).
• Bundle branch block: Purkinje nhama a ɛwɔ koma no fã biako a esiw ano. Eyi betumi ama apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛnyɛ adwuma aba.
• Koma a esiw: Ɛmma anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkɔ koma no mu ntini ne ntini ahorow ntam no asɛe.
• Long QT syndrome (LQTS): Egye bere tenten ansa na koma no atwetwe na asan ayɛ sɛnea na ɛte kan no. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a eyi betumi ama obi ayɛ basaa anaasɛ ne koma ayɛ basaa.
• Ventricular contractions a ɛba ntɛm: Tebea a ɛma koma no bɔ ntɛm dodo. Eyi betumi ama obi a ne koma abɔ anaasɛ wate nka sɛ "koma a ɛbɔ no ayera."
• Koma a ɛtwetwe: Koma a ɛtwetwe mpofirim a ɛnam koma a ɛbɔ denneennen a ɛnkɔ so daa nti. Sɛ wɔansa eyi ntɛm ara a, ebetumi akum obi. Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛyɛ hu paa.

Dɛn ne ɔhaw bi ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ wo koma mu ntini a ɛma mogya fa mu no mu a, wubetumi anya sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ eyinom:

• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den
• Koko mu yaw
• Koma a ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm anaasɛ ɛnteɛ (a ɛbɔ denneennen) .
• Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa
• Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa
• Adwumaden

Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ eyinom a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wohwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara.

Oduruyɛfo betumi ayɛ electrocardiogram (EKG) de ahwɛ sɛnea wo koma bɔ denneennen. Sɛ wɔpɛ sɛ wɔkɔ so hwɛ sɛnea wo koma no anyinam ahoɔden yɛ adwuma a, ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ hyɛ wo koma a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma so nna kakraa bi anaa adapɛn kakraa bi. Electrophysiology nhwehwɛmu betumi ama woanya nsɛm a emu dɔ pii afa wo koma no mu ntini a ɛma mogya fa mu no ho.

Wobetumi de nnuru ne ayaresa te sɛ afiri a ɛma koma no bɔ kɛse a wɔde bɛhyɛ koma no mu no adi ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ koma no anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe mu no ho dwuma .

Mɛyɛ dɛn atumi ama me koma a ɛma me koma no yɛ adwuma yiye?

Yɛrentumi nsakra awosu mu nneɛma a ɛde koma a ɛbɔ ho haw pii ba no. Nanso, wubetumi aboa ma wo koma nyinaa anya apɔwmuden denam suban pa a wubedi akyi so . Nneɛma bi a wubetumi ayɛ ni:

• Kura mu duru a ɛfata a ɛfata wo mu.
• Gyae tawa ho nneɛma a wode di dwuma no na kwati wusiw a wɔde di dwuma dedaw.
• Fa aduru no sɛnea oduruyɛfo no kyerɛ no pɛpɛɛpɛ.
• To nsa anaa anonne a caffeine wom a wobɛnom ano hye.
• Di nnuan a ahoɔden wom te sɛ nnuaba, nhabannuru, ne aburow a wɔayam.
• Anyɛ yiye koraa no, yɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ simma 150 dapɛn biara.
• Fa akwan a ahoɔden wom te sɛ ɔkasa ayaresa anaa adwennwen so di adwennwen ho dwuma.

Ebia worenhu wo koma mu anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe kosi sɛ wubenya ɔhaw bi wɔ wo koma a ɛbɔ no ho. Nanso saa nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛma mogya fa mu yi na ɛma wo koma bɔ na ɛma mogya fa mu. Sɛ wunim sɛnea nhyehyɛe yi yɛ adwuma a, ebetumi aboa wo ma woahu ɔhaw ahorow a ebetumi aba na woanya mmoa.

Nsɛm ntiantiaa a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae

Okay, enti momma yɛnsan nhwɛ nneɛma a ɛho hia paa a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae mfi nea yɛkaa ho asɛm nnɛ no mu.

• Wo koma mu ntini a ɛma wo koma no yɛ anyinam ahoɔden a ɛhwɛ wo koma bɔ so.
• Ɛyɛ afã atitiriw a wɔfrɛ no `SA` node, `AV` node, bundle of His, ne Purkinje nhama .
• Ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ nhyehyɛe yi mu no betumi ama koma no mu ayɛ basaa (arrhythmias) .
• Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ ahome a ɛyɛ den, wo koko mu yaw, anaasɛ wototɔ piti a, hwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara.
• Ɛdenam asetra pa a wubedi akyi (aduan pa, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, sigaretnom a wubegyae, ne adwennwen a wubedi so) so no, wubetumi ama wo koma ne wo ntini nyinaa ne wo koma nyinaa anya apɔwmuden.

Enti, hwɛ wo koma so yiye. Ɛyɛ akwaa a ɛyɛ nwonwa a ɛyɛ adwuma ma wo a ɔmmrɛ!

` Koma mu ntini nhyehyɛe, anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe a ɛwɔ koma no mu, koma bɔ, SA node, AV node, arrhythmia, komayare