W’amemene no panyin ketewa no: Momma yensua hypothalamus ho ade.

Ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka yɛn nipadua fã bi a ɛho hia yiye, nanso wonnim pii ho asɛm. Eyi ne akwaa a ɛyɛ nwonwa a wɔfrɛ no Hypothalamus, a ɛwɔ yɛn amemene no mu tɔnn, a ɛyɛ adwuma te sɛ yɛn nipadua no ‘smart control system’. Susuw sɛnea anka yɛn nipadua bɛyɛ basabasa kɛse sɛ ɛnyɛ saa asinasin ketewaa yi a!

Dɛn ne hypothalamus no? Dɛn na ɛyɛ?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, hypothalamus yɛ w’amemene no fã ketewaa bi, nanso ɛwɔ tumi kɛse, a ahobammɔ wom kɛse. Ɛyɛ bɛyɛ sɛ cashew nut. Ɛyɛ ɔkwan titiriw a ɛda wo endocrine system , a ɛyɛ hormone nhyehyɛe no ne wo ntini ahorow ntam .

Fa no sɛ wowɔ ‘ofie nhyehyɛe a nyansa wom’ wɔ wo fie. Ɛno ara na ɛhwɛ biribiara a ɛwɔ fie hɔ so, a akanea, fan, AC, ne ahobammɔ ka ho, ɛnte saa? Saa ara nso na hypothalamus no te sɛ yɛn nipadua no mfinimfini a ‘ɛhwɛ so nyansam’ no. Ɛno na ɛboa ma biribiara a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu kari pɛ na ɛkɔ so wɔ ɔkwan pa so. Wɔ nnuruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ eyi kari pɛ (Homeostasis) .

Afei hwɛ nneɛma a odi so no:

• Wo nipadua mu hyew
• Mogya mmoroso
• Ɔkɔm ne sukɔm
• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo ma bere a woadi awie no
• Wo adwene
• Ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna ho akɔnnɔ
• Da

Hypothalamus no yɛ adwuma wɔ akwan abien so na ama eyinom nyinaa akɔ so ayɛ adwuma yiye. Biako ne denam ntini a ɛma nipadua no tumi yɛ adwuma no so nkɛntɛnso tẽẽ so . Eyi ne nea edi nneɛma a yennim so, te sɛ yɛn koma bɔ ne yɛn home so. Ɔfoforo no nam hormone ahorow a wɔhwɛ so so . Hormone ahorow te sɛ yɛn nipadua mu abɔfo. Wɔnam mogya no mu na wɔde nkrasɛm kɔ akwaa ahorow mu. Hypothalamus no yɛ nkwaadɔm bi na ɛkora so wɔ akyi pituitary no mu . Ɛsan nso de nsɛnkyerɛnne (hormone) kɔ pituitary gland no mu . Saa nsɛnkyerɛnne yi ma pituitary gland no yi hormone ahorow a ɛka nipadua no fã bi tẽẽ, anaasɛ ɛde sɛnkyerɛnne bi kɔ ntini foforo mu, na afei ɛma hormone ahorow fi adi.

Abusuabɔ bɛn na ɛda hypothalamus ne pituitary gland ntam?

Pituitary gland no wɔ hypothalamus no ase pɛɛ. Wɔn baanu no bom yɛ adwuma yiye. Pituitary gland no wɔ afã atitiriw abien: pituitary a ɛwɔ anim ne akyi pituitary . Hypothalamus no ne afã abien yi di nkitaho wɔ ɔkwan titiriw bi so.

Ɛnam mogya ntini a ɛyɛ nhama so na ɛbata anim pituitary no ho. Ɛnam ntini bi a wɔfrɛ no pituitary stalk so na ɛbata akyi pituitary no ho. Hypothalamus no de nsɛnkyerɛnne kɔ pituitary gland no mu wɔ ɔkwan a ɛte sɛ nea ɛma hormone ahorow gyae, na ɛka kyerɛ no sɛ onnyi saa hormone yi mfi mu.

Sɛnea wɔde Anterior Pituitary yɛ adwuma

Anim pituitary gland no yi hormone ahorow a egyina nsɛnkyerɛnne a efi hypothalamus mu so. Nkwammoaa yi bi ka nipadua no afã horow tẽẽ, bere a afoforo nso kanyan ntini afoforo ma woyi nkwaadɔm pii fi mu. Ebia eyi bɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ den, nanso nokwarem no, ɛyɛ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn mu adeyɛ. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔhyɛ onyin hormone ne thyroid hormone a ɛkanyan nipadua no so wɔ saa kwan yi so.

Sɛnea wɔde Posterior Pituitary yɛ adwuma

Ɛha yi, biribi soronko kakra si. Hypothalamus no ankasa yɛ nkwaadɔm abien, nanso wɔkora so wɔ akyi pituitary no mu. Sɛ ɛho hia a, hypothalamus no de sɛnkyerɛnne bi kɔma sɛ ɛbɛma saa nkwaadɔm yi akɔ mogya no mu. Saa hormone abien yi ne:

• Oxytocin: Eyi yɛ hormone soronko koraa. Ɛboa ma awotwaa mu ntini no twetwe bere a wɔrewo no na ɛkanyan nufusu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw bere a wɔrema nufu no. Wosusuw nso sɛ ɛka abusuabɔ, nna ho akɔnnɔ, ahotoso, nea wohu, nna kyinhyia, ne anigye nkate mu.
• Vasopressin: Wɔsan frɛ no antidiuretic hormone (ADH) , saa hormone yi na ɛhwɛ nsu dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nsu dodow a ɛkɔ nipadua no mu, ne mogya mmoroso so.

Dwumadi afoforo bɛn na hypothalamus yɛ?

Wɔ nkwaadɔm a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no akyi no, hypothalamus no yɛ nkwaadɔm afoforo pii a ɛho hia.

• Dopamine: Eyi ne ‘hormone a ɛma wote nka sɛ wo ho ye’. Ɛno na ɛma yɛte anigye ne abotɔyam nka. Ɛno na ɛma yenya nkannyan ma yɛyɛ biribi. Dopamine nso yɛ biribi foforo, na ɛno ne sɛ ɛbɛka akyerɛ pituitary gland no sɛ onnyae hormone bi a wɔfrɛ no prolactin .
• Somatostatin: Saa hormone yi siw hormone afoforo pii a ɛba no kwan. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ɛma nkwaadɔm te sɛ onyin hormone , thyroid-kanyan hormone , cholecystokinin, ne insulin gyae. Nea ɛyɛ nwonwa no, saa nkwaadɔm yi nso hwɛ somatostatin a wɔyɛ so.

Nea ɛka ho no, hypothalamus no ankasa siesie nneɛma biara a ɛnkari pɛ wɔ nneɛma te sɛ nipadua mu hyew a ɛsakra, adwennwen, ne yɛn nipadua mu nnyigyei a ɛkɔ so da biara da mu.

Ɛhe na hypothalamus no wɔ?

Madi kan aka sɛ, ne kɛse bɛyɛ sɛ cashew nut. Hypothalamus no wɔ w’amemene no ase, thalamus no ase ne pituitary gland no atifi. Sɛ yɛbɛka no pɛpɛɛpɛ a, ɛwɔ amemene no ntini no atifi pɛɛ.

Sɛ hypothalamus no sɛe a, dɛn na ɛba?

Sɛ hypothalamus no sɛe wɔ ɔkwan bi so a, entumi nyɛ n’adwuma yiye. Yɛfrɛ tebea yi hypothalamic dysfunction . Ntease pii betumi ama eyi aba.

Nneɛma a ebetumi ama hypothalamic dysfunction aba:

• Sɛ nhwɛso no, ti apirakuru , amemene mu opira a ɛyɛ hu .
• Amemene mu nyarewa.
• Amemene mu akisikuru anaa amemene mu ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛba wɔ hypothalamus no mu anaa ne mpɔtam.
• Mu duru a ɛso tew dodo esiane adidi mu haw te sɛ bulimia anaa anorexia .
• Amemene mu oprehyɛn.
• Mframa a wɔde sa yare ne nnuru a wɔde sa yare .
• Awo mu dɛmdi / Awo mu tebea horow a ɛfa amemene anaa hypothalamus ho.
• Sɛ nhwɛso no, nyarewa a ɛma obi ho hyehye no , multiple sclerosis ne neurosarcoidosis .
• Sɛ nhwɛso no , awosu mu nyarewa bi , onyin hormone a enni nipadua mu .

Tebea horow a ebetumi afi hypothalamic dysfunction mu aba:

Nyarewa ahorow betumi aba esiane hypothalamus a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye nti. Esiane sɛ hypothalamus ne pituitary gland no yɛ adwuma yiye nti, wɔsan frɛ tebea horow a ɛka abien yi mu biara hypothalamic-pituitary disorders .

• Hypopituitarism: Eyi betumi afi pituitary gland anaa hypothalamus a ɛsɛe no mu aba.
• Asikreyare a ɛnyɛ dɛ: Saa tebea yi ba bere a hypothalamus no ntumi nyɛ hormone vasopressin (ADH) no yiye no. Eyi ma asaabo no yi nsu pii fi mu, na ɛma obi tow nsu dodo na osukɔm de no dodo.
• Prader-Willi syndrome: Eyi yɛ awosu mu yare. Wɔ tebea yi mu no, hypothalamus no nte nka yiye bere a yafunu no ayɛ ma bere a wɔadi awie no. Ne saa nti, ɔpɛ a obi wɔ sɛ ɔbɛkɔ so adidi na asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ obetumi ayɛ kɛse mmoroso.
• Kallmann syndrome: Eyi nso yɛ tebea a ɛne hypothalamus nyarewa wɔ abusuabɔ wɔ awosu mu. Eyi betumi ama mmofra akyɛ anaasɛ enni hɔ mmabunbere.
• Acromegaly ne Pituitary gigantism: Eyinom yɛ onyin mu ɔhaw ahorow a ɛntaa nsi a efi onyin hormone a efi pituitary gland no mu ba dodo.
• Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH): Eyi ne bere a hormone a ɛko tia nsu mu nsu (ADH) dodow kɔ soro dodo. Ebetumi afi akisikuru, mogya a ɛtɔ, ɔyare mmoawa, akwanhyia, kokoram, ne nnuru bi mu aba.
• Central hypothyroidism: Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi a hypothalamic ne pituitary yare nyinaa na ɛde ba. Nea ɛde ba titiriw ne pituitary tumor, sɛ nhwɛso no, pituitary adenoma .
• Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea: Nea ɛda adi wɔ tebea yi mu ne sɛ ɔbea a kan no na ɔba brayɛ daa gyae bɛboro asram abiɛsa, anaasɛ bɛboro asram asia wɔ ɔbea a na ɔnkɔ brayɛ daa mu. Nea ɛde eyi ba titiriw ne hypothalamic a ɛnyɛ adwuma yiye.
• Hyperprolactinemia: Eyi fi dopamine dodow a ɛso tew, na ɛma prolactin dodow kɔ soro. Eyi betumi afi akisikuru anaasɛ ntini mu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ hypothalamus no mu a ɛsɛe.

Dɛn ne hypothalamic dysfunction ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Hypothalamic dysfunction ho sɛnkyerɛnne gyina hormone ko a ɛka no ne sɛ ebia saa hormone no dodow sua anaasɛ ɛkɔ soro so. Sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ hypothalamus no ho a, ebia wubehu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi:

• Mogya mmoroso anaa mogya mmoroso a ɛba fam
• Nsu a ɛkɔ nipadua no mu anaasɛ nsu a ɛho ntew
• Mu duru a ɛso tew anaasɛ ɛkɔ soro, a aduan ho akɔnnɔ a ɛsakra anaasɛ ɛnsakra
• Awo a wontumi nwo
• Nnompe akwahosan a enye
• Mmabunbere a ɛkyɛ
• Ntini a wɔsɛe no ne mmerɛwyɛ
• Nsakrae a ɛtaa ba nipadua mu hyew mu
• Asoroben
• Ɛho hia sɛ wɔtaa tow nsu

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae

Hypothalamus a ɛwɔ w’amemene mu no te sɛ nipadua no ‘nyansa kwan so tumidi’ beae. Te sɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛma nipadua no di dwuma ankasa wɔ wo fie no, saa ara na hypothalamus no na ɛhwɛ nipadua no dwumadi so.

Ɛka wo autonomic nervous system no tẽẽ, na ɛhwɛ nneɛma te sɛ koma bɔ, mogya mmoroso, ne nipadua mu hyew so yiye. Ɛsan nso yi hormone ahorow fi mu na ɛkyerɛ hormone anaa ntini afoforo sɛ wɔnhwɛ nna, adwene, ntini ne nnompe nyin, ne nna ho akɔnnɔ, ne nneɛma afoforo so.

Tebea ahorow a ɛka hypothalamus no betumi de akwahosan ho haw ahorow pii aba. Enti sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a, ɛho hia sɛ wohwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu. Kae sɛ, sɛ wobɔ wo amanneɛ wɔ saa nsɛm yi ho a, ebetumi aboa wo kɛse ma woahwɛ w’akwahosan so!

` Hypothalamus, amemene, hormone, pituitary gland, endocrine nhyehyɛe, ntini nhyehyɛe, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow