Asɛm a ɛwɔ asaabo akyi: (Renal Cortex) ne yɛn nipadua!

Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka asaabo, akwaa a ɛho hia paa wɔ yɛn nipadua mu ho asɛm. Ne titiriw no, asaabo no fã a ɛwɔ akyi pɛɛ, renal cortex . Ebia eyi bɛyɛ te sɛ asɛmfua bi kɛkɛ, nanso ɛyɛ beae a ɛyɛ nwonwa yiye wɔ yɛn nipadua mu a ɛyɛ adwuma pii komm. Enti, momma yensua eyi ho ade nkɔ akyiri kakra, te sɛ nea yɛne yɛn adamfo bi rekasa, ɛnte saa?

Dɛn ne Renal Cortex no? Ɛhe na ɛwɔ?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, asɛmfua "Cortex" taa kyerɛ yɛn nipadua mu akwaa bi a ɛwɔ akyi paa anaasɛ ɛkata so. Enti, Renal Cortex yɛ yɛn asaabo no akyi pɛɛ. Nnipa binom nso frɛ no "Kidney Cortex". Saa "Renal Cortex" yi twa asaabo no fã a ɛwɔ mu, medulla . Ɛte sɛ akutu. Nanso, saa "Renal Cortex" yi nni hɔ nko, ɛsan nso de ahobammɔ membrane, ntini a ɛyɛ den kakra a wɔfrɛ no "Renal Capsule" akata so. Fa no sɛ ayɛyɛde were, eyinom yɛ ntoatoaso pii.

Afei, wɔ saa `(Renal Cortex)` yi mu no, yɛn nipadua no mogya-hohoro akuw a ɛho nhia, kyerɛ sɛ, ` (Nephrons)` no fi ase. Ɛyɛ nea wontumi nsusuw ho, bɛyɛ ɔpepem biako `(Nephrons)` te sɛ eyi wɔ asaabo biako mu! So ɛnyɛ nwonwa? Ade titiriw a wɔde yiyi nneɛma mu wɔ saa `(Nephron)` yi mu ne glomerulus . Saa `(Glomerulus)` yi wɔ abusuabɔ ne ɔkwan bi a wɔfa so yɛ adwuma `(Tubule). Ɛnam saa kwan yi so na woyi nwura fi hɔ na nneɛma a nipadua no hia no san kɔ nipadua no mu. Wɔ `(Renal Cortex)` mu no, saa akwan yi kyinkyim kakra, ɛyɛ kurukuruwa, na `(Convoluted).` Nanso, wɔ `(Medulla), a ɛyɛ asaabo no mu fã no, saa akwan yi yɛ tẽẽ kakra.

Momma yɛnhwɛ baabi a yɛn asaabo wɔ. Wɔwɔ yɛn moma so, wɔ mparow no ase pɛɛ, wɔ yafunu no akyi. Mpɛn pii no, asaabo biako na ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo no afã biara. Sɛ yɛbɛka no pɛpɛɛpɛ a, ɛda dwensɔtwaa ne dwensɔtwaa no ntam. Efi asaabo biara mu no, ɔfã bi a ɛte sɛ afiri a wɔfrɛ no ureter fi ase, na ɛne akisikuru no di nkitaho.

`(Renal Cortex)` yi kɔla yɛ kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ bruu . Eyi ne asaabo no fã a ɛwɔ akyi paa. Ɛkata `(Medulla)`, a ɛyɛ asaabo no mu fã. `(Medulla)` no mu no, asinasin nketewa a ɛyɛ ahinanan wɔ hɔ, a wɔfrɛ no renal pyramids. `(Renal Cortex)` no kata saa `(Renal Pyramids)` yi so te sɛ kyɛw.

Dɛn na ɛkɔ so ankasa wɔ Renal Cortex no mu? Dɛn ne asaabo no dwumadi?

Sɛ́ wo nsu a ɛkɔ wo nsu mu no fã no, adwene no mu ntini no ka w’asaabo no dwumadi ho tẽẽ. Asaabo nyɛ akwaa bi a eyi nwura fi hɔ ara kwa. Wɔyɛ pii sen saa. Hwɛ:

• Ɛhwɛ ma electrolytes ne nsu kari pɛ: Ɛboa ma nkyene ne nsu dodow a ɛfata kɔ nipadua no mu.
• Ɛhwɛ wo mogya mmoroso ne nsu dodow a ɛwɔ wo nkwammoaa akyi (extracellular fluid) so.
• Ɛboa ma wɔyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ.
• Ɛma nipadua no acid ne base kari pɛ.
• Ɛboa ma wonya vitamin D.
• Ɛhwɛ calcium ne phosphate a ɛkari pɛ so.
• Ɛboa nso ma wɔyɛ glucose (Glucogenesis): Ɛwom sɛ glucose (asikre) a yehia no mu dodow no ara yɛ mmerɛbo no ankasa de, nanso ebi nso yɛ nea asaabo no na ɛyɛ.

Susuw sɛnea nneɛma pii kɔ so wɔ saa cortex ketewaa yi mu no ho hwɛ! Ɛyɛ nwonwa ankasa, ɛnte saa?

Dɛn ne nyarewa a ɛtaa ba a ebetumi aka Renal Cortex no?

Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, nyarewa ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ɛka asaabo no. Eyinom bi nso betumi aka ``Renal Cortex``.

• Asaabo mu Yare a Enni sabea (CKD): Eyi yɛ asaabo no dwumadi a ɛyera nkakrankakra. Mpɛn pii no, asikreyare anaa mogya mmoroso na ɛde ba.
• Asaabo mu Kokoram: Renal Cell Carcinoma ne asaabo mu kokoram a abu so sen biara.
• Kidney Failure / Renal Failure: Eyi betumi asi mpofirim `Acute` anaasɛ ebetumi abɛyɛ nea enni sabea bere a bere kɔ so no. End- Stage Renal Disease yɛ tebea a asaabo no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye bio. Afei ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ dialysis.
• Asaabo mu Nyarewa (Pyelonephritis): Saa yare yi betumi aba bere a mmoawa te sɛ mmoawa tu kwan kɔ wo ureters mu kɔ w’asaabo mu no. Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi ba mpofirim. Nnuruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ama eyi.
• Asaabo mu Abo: Ahwehwɛ betumi ayɛ wo nsu mu na asiw nsu no kwan. Ɛtɔ da bi a, saa abo yi tumi twam wɔn ankasa. Anaasɛ ayaresa ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a wɔde bubu anaasɛ woyi fi hɔ.
• Kidney Cysts / Renal Cysts: Nsuo ahyɛ mu ma a ɛte sɛ kotokuo betumi ayɛ asaabo no so. Saa akisikuru yi nso betumi asɛe asaabo no. Sɛ ɛho hia a, nnuruyɛfo beyi eyinom afi hɔ.
• Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD): Eyi yɛ awosu mu tebea. Wɔ tebea yi mu no, akisikuru pii ba asaabo no so. PKD betumi ama mogya mmoroso ne asaabo a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde nnuruyɛfo hwɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ PKD so bere nyinaa.

Tebea horow bi a anibere wom kɛse

Nea ɛka eyi ho no, nyarewa afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a ɛfa asaabo ho, na ebinom yɛ aniberesɛm ankasa.

• Acidosis a ɛma obi nya ɔyare: .Sɛ asaabo no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye a, asikre a ɛwɔ mogya no mu betumi ayɛ kɛse. Eyi betumi de akwahosan ho haw pii aba. Sɛ wɔansa a, ebetumi de ne nkwa ato asiane mu.
• Acute anaa Chronic Interstitial Nephritis: Eyi ma asaabo no hohoro, na ebetumi ama asaabo no ayɛ adwuma yiye.
• Asikreyare Ayare anaa Hypertensive Nephropathy: Mogya mmoroso ne asikreyare a wontumi nni so sɛe asaabo no. Wɔsan frɛ eyi `(Nephropathy)`.
• Glomerular Nyarewa: Saa nyarewa yi betumi ama wo glomeruli ahonhon anaasɛ asɛe, na ebetumi ama w’asaabo ayɛ adwuma yiye.
• Nsakrae Kɛse Yare: Eyi nso yɛ asaabo mu yare. Wɔ eyi mu no, glomeruli no sɛe na protein pii fi nsu mu.
• Proteinuria ne Nephrotic Syndrome: Proteinuria yɛ bere a protein pii wɔ wo nsu mu. Eyi betumi ayɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ asaabo asɛe. Sɛ protein pii wɔ wo nsu mu a, ebetumi ayɛ Nephrotic Syndrome ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Eyi ne bere a asaabo a asɛe no ma protein pii fi wo mogya mu kɔ wo nsu mu no.
• Uremia: Awuduru a mpɛn pii no ɛsɛ sɛ asaabo no yi fi hɔ na ɛkɔ nsu mu no boaboa ano wɔ mogya no mu mmom. Sɛ wɔansa uremia a, ebetumi de obi nkwa ato asiane mu.

Dɛn ne asaabo mu yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba?

Asaabo mu haw pii nkyerɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow wɔ ne mfiase. Ɛno ne nea ɛyɛ hu sen biara. Bere a asaabo no sɛe no, ebia wubefi ase ahu nneɛma te sɛ:

• Ntini mu Akisikuru: Ntini mu akisikuru betumi aba esiane electrolyte a ɛnkari pɛ wɔ nipadua no mu nti. Mpɛn pii no, eyi na ɛma ntini mu yɛ den. Nanso, ebetumi aka ntini kuw biara.
• Nsu a ɛyɛ tumm anaa nsu a mogya wom: Sɛ nneɛma a wɔde yiyi asaabo mu no sɛe a, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ betumi akɔ nsu no mu. Wɔfrɛ eyi ``Hematuria''.
• Nsu a ɛyɛ ahuru: Sɛ ahurututu wɔ nsu no mu a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ protein dɔɔso dodo.
• Wora a ɛyɛ wo yaw na ɛyɛ nwunu: Sɛ mineral ne aduannuru a ɛwɔ mogya no mu no nkari pɛ a, ebetumi ama honam ani ayɛ wo yaw na ayɛ kusuu.
• Nsu a wɔtaa tow: Ɔhaw ahorow bi a ɛwɔ nneɛma a wɔde gu mu a wɔde yiyi mu no betumi ama ɛho behia sɛ wotɔ nsu mpɛn pii.
• Aniwa a ɛho ayɛ fĩ anaasɛ anan ne anan a ahonhon: Sɛ asaabo dwumadi so tew a, nipadua no fi ase kura protein ne sodium mu. Eyi ma edema, anaasɛ ɔfe.
• Dae ho haw, ɔbrɛ ne aduan ho akɔnnɔ a wonnya: Sɛ awuduru boaboa ano wɔ mogya no mu a, ebia wo nna, aduan ho akɔnnɔ ne w’ahoɔden so bɛtew.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobɛhwɛ sɛnea (Renal Cortex) no akwahosan te?

Nnuruyɛfo de nhwehwɛmu ahorow pii di dwuma de susuw asaabo dwumadi na wohu asaabo mu haw ahorow. Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo nhwehwɛmu te sɛ eyinom akyerɛ:

• Mfonini a wɔde yɛ nhwehwɛmu: Sɛ nhwɛso no, X-ray, CT scan, MRI, ultrasound, anaa nuklea aduruyɛ mu mfonini. Eyinom betumi ada nneɛma a ɛnteɛ anaasɛ asaabo no asiw adi. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wotumi susuw adwene no mu ntini no mu duru. Sɛ cortex no yɛ teateaa a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ asaabo no asɛe.
• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Eyinom betumi ahwɛ sɛnea wo glomeruli no reyɛ mogya yiye.
• Kidney Biopsy: Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no, oduruyɛfo no fa asaabo mu ntini ketewaa bi na ɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ mu.
• Ureteroscopy: Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no, oduruyɛfo no de afiri bi (endoscope) fa wo urethra mu kɔhwehwɛ nneɛma a ɛnteɛ wɔ wo urethra ne ureters mu.
• Nsu mu nhwehwɛmu: Saa nhwehwɛmu yi susuw nneɛma pɔtee bi a ɛwɔ nsu no mu te sɛ protein ne mogya mu de hu biribiara a ɛnteɛ a ebetumi akyerɛ sɛ obi anya ayaresa tebea anaa ɔyare mmoawa bi.
• Kidney Function Tests / Renal Function Tests: Saa nhwehwɛmu yi kyerɛ sɛnea w’asaabo reyɛ adwuma yiye. Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu baako na wɔfrɛ no `(Creatinine).` Eyi betumi ahwɛ sɛnea asaabo yɛ adwuma na ahwɛ sɛnea w’asaabo reyi nneɛma a ɛho nwura afi wo mogya mu yiye.

Dɛn ne nnuru a wɔde sa nyarewa a ɛfa Renal Cortex ho?

Nyarewa a ɛka w’asaabo ne w’adwene mu ntini no ayaresa gyina tebea a wowɔ no so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wowɔ ɔyare mmoawa bi a, wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw wo nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa.

Sɛ wowɔ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ woyi fi hɔ, te sɛ asaabo mu ɔbo, akisikuru, anaa kokoram a, ebia ebehia sɛ wɔyɛ wo oprehyɛn anaa oprehyɛn.

Mɛyɛ dɛn atumi ama m’asaabo anya apɔwmuden? Ɛho hia paa!

Ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu daa de hwɛ w’asaabo akwahosan. Eyi ho hia titiriw sɛ wowɔ akwahosan ho haw ahorow te sɛ mogya mmoroso, kɛseyɛ mmoroso, ne asikreyare a. Wubetumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya asaabo mu haw so denam:

• Kwati sigaretnom anaa gyae. So ɛfata sɛ yɛka eyi mpo?
• Tew nkyene a ɛboro so a wudi so. Eyi betumi aka mineral a ɛkari pɛ wɔ wo mogya mu no.
• Nom nsu pii. Eyi boa asaabo no ma awuduru fi mu.
• Ma da biara da apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ nkɔ soro. Eyi betumi aboa ma mogya mmoroso so atew.
• To nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a ɛnyɛ steroid (NSAIDs) a wɔde di dwuma no ano hye. Sɛ wonom eyinom pii a, ebetumi asɛe w’asaabo.
• Kura mu duru a ɛfata mu.
• Hwɛ wo mogya mmoroso so daa. Eyi bɛboa wo ma woahu dodow biara a ɛkorɔn sen sɛnea wohwɛ kwan ntɛm.
• Hwɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no yiye na ma asikreyare no nni wo so.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda (Renal Cortex) ne (Renal Medulla) ntam?

Ntini a ɛyɛ den na ɛyɛ asaabo no. Wɔfrɛ eyi sɛ renal parenchyma . Ɛyɛ afã abien a wɔfrɛ no cortex ne medulla. Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, renal cortex yɛ asaabo no akyi fã, na medulla yɛ emu fã.

`(Renal Cortex)` no yɛ grainy kakra wɔ abɔde mu. `(Medulla)` no yɛ mmerɛw.

Ɛwom sɛ afã abien no nyinaa wɔ ntini ahorow de, nanso cortex no wɔ glomeruli, ntini a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa, ne mogya ntini. Eyi nti na ɛte sɛ nea ɛyɛ granular no. Ntini a ɛwɔ medulla no mu no yɛ tẽẽ kakra na wɔfrɛ no ntini a ɛboaboa ano (efisɛ ɛboaboa nsu ano). Medulla no nso wɔ Henle a ɛyɛ nhama , anaasɛ ntini a ɛboaboa ano no afã horow a ɛte sɛ U.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn wɔ asaabo mu haw ahorow ho?

Sɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ asaabo mu haw a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Ebia wubenya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ eyinom:

• Nsakraeɛ a ɛba wo nsuo mu (te sɛ mogya a ɛwɔ wo nsuo mu anaa kɔla tuntum) anaa nsakraeɛ a ɛba wo nsuo mu (te sɛ ɛhia sɛ wokɔ tiafi mpɛn pii anaa ɛyaw a wobɛte berɛ a woretotɔ).
• Wora a ɛyɛ nwunu anaasɛ ɛyɛ wo yaw.
• Ɔbrɛ a ɛtra so.
• Mogya mmoroso (Hypertension).
• Ntini a ɛtwetwe.
• Aduan ho akɔnnɔ a ɛyera anaasɛ dade dɛ a ɛwɔ aduan mu.
• Yafunu mu yaw anaasɛ ɔfe.
• Ɛhohoro, titiriw wɔ nansoaa anaa nsa ho.

Sɛ wowɔ tebea horow bi a, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ asaabo dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu daa:

• Sɛ obi wɔ abusua no mu a ɔwɔ asaabo mu yare ho abakɔsɛm a.
• Asikyireyareɛ.
• Koma mu yare.
• Mogya mmoroso.
• Kɛse mmoroso anaa kɛseyɛ mmoroso.
• Sɛ worenom nnuru bi daa (e.g., mogya mmoroso nnuru).

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae

Enti, sɛ wopɛ sɛ wohwɛ w’asaabo so a, ɛsɛ sɛ wudi kan hwɛ w’akwahosan nyinaa so. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛDi wo mogya mmoroso ne asikre dodow so, nom nsu pii, di yiye. Afei nso , da sɛnea ɛsɛ na teɛteɛ w’apɔw mu. Sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi wɔ wo nsu a wode tow nsu mu anaa ɛyaw biara a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka ho asɛm na mobom nyɛ adwuma hwehwɛ ano aduru. Kae sɛ yɛn asaabo yɛ adwumayɛfo a wɔyɛ komm, enti ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ so yiye!

` Asaabo, adwene mu ntini, asaabo mu yare, asaabo mu yare, asaabo dwumadi, nsu mu nhyehyɛe, asaabo akwahosan