Ntini bi a ɛho hia wɔ wo nipadua atifi: brachiocephalic ntini.

So woasusuw sɛnea mogya a ɛkɔ yɛn nipadua mu no yɛ den na ɛho hia no ho pɛn? Ntini nhyehyɛe titiriw bi wɔ hɔ a edi dwuma titiriw wɔ mogya a efi yɛn nipadua no atifi, kyerɛ sɛ, efi ti, kɔn, ne abasa mu ba koma mu no mu. Wɔfrɛ saa nhyehyɛe no fã bi a ɛho hia yiye sɛ Brachiocephalic Vein . Nnipa binom nso frɛ no ``Innominate Vein''. Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm tiawa ne ayamye mu nnɛ.

Dɛn ne saa brachiocephalic vein yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, wo brachiocephalic vein no yɛ wo nipadua a ɛwɔ soro no mogya a ɛkɔ nipadua no mu no fã. It’s a paired vein , a ɛkyerɛ sɛ saa ntini yi mu abien na ɛwɔ wo nipadua no fã biara, wɔ nifa ne benkum.

• Brachiocephalic Ntini a Ɛwɔ Nifa So
• Benkum Brachiocephalic Ntini

Saa nifa ne benkum brachiocephalic ntini yi bom boa ma mogya a oxygen nnim fi wo nipadua atifi, kyerɛ sɛ, wo ti, wo kɔn, ne wo nsa, san kɔ wo koma mu. Fa no sɛ akwan nketewa a ɛtoatoa so a ɛka bom yɛ ɔkwan kɛse.

Dɛn ne ntini yi dwumadi?

Adwuma titiriw a wo brachiocephalic veins yɛ, sɛnea madi kan aka no, ne sɛ ɛde mogya a oxygen ayɛ no ma afi wo ti, wo kɔn, ne wo nsa mu bɛsan akɔ wo koma mu. Saa ntini yi yɛ ntini kɛse bi a ɛde mogya kɔ wo nipadua atifi nyinaa no afã nketewa abien ankasa, nanso ɛho hia yiye. Fa no sɛ ɛte sɛ afiri tenten bi a afã horow pii a ɛka bom. Sɛ wutwa ɔfã biako wɔ mfinimfini a, biribiara rensen fa afiri no nyinaa mu, ɛnte saa? Saa na ntini a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu nyinaa bom yɛ adwuma ma mogya no kɔ so tu yiye. Ntini biara boa ma mogya no fa ɔkwan pa so, kɔ baabi a ɛfata.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na mogya tu kwan?

Afei ma yɛnhwɛ sɛnea brachiocephalic vein no ka ade kɛse yi ho. 1. Wo nifa ne benkum brachiocephalic ntini no bom yɛ ntini kɛse bi a wɔfrɛ no wo Superior Vena Cava . Eyi wɔ wo koma atifi, na ɛtrɛw kɔ fam na ɛboaboa mogya ano wɔ soro dan a ɛwɔ wo koma nifa so, nifa so ahurututu no mu . 2. Efi hɔ no, wo mogya fa wo koma nifa so kɔ ahurututu mu kɔfa mframa pa. 3. Sɛ egye oxygen wie a, mogya no san kɔ koma no mu, na afei benkum so ahurututu no de saa mogya no kɔ wo nipadua no mu nyinaa. Enti, wubetumi ahu, brachiocephalic vein no yɛ ntamgyinafo a ɛho hia yiye a ɛboa ma wo mogya fa wo koma mu, fa w’ahurututu mu, na awiei koraa no ɛfa wo nipadua nyinaa mu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔhyehyɛ saa brachiocephalic vein yi?

Wo subclavian vein (eyi yɛ vein a ɛkɔ collarbone ase) ne jugular vein a ɛwɔ mu(Eyi yɛ ntini titiriw bi a ɛwɔ kɔn mu) Brachiocephalic vein no ba bere a ntini abien ka bom no. Saa nkabom yi ba wo nipadua no nifa ne benkum so wɔ ɔkwan soronko so.

Ɛhe na brachiocephalic vein no wɔ?

Saa brachiocephalic ntini yi wɔ wo moma so atifi, wɔ wo nipadua no mu tɔnn. Wɔwɔ wo kɔn mu dompe (clavicle) ase pɛɛ, na ɛbɛn wo mmati kakra. Sɛnea wofi ase ni:

• Brachiocephalic vein nifa: Eyi ne baabi a wo subclavian vein nifa ne jugular vein nifa a ɛwɔ mu no ka bom. Ɛtu mmirika kɔ fam tẽẽ, kɔ koma no mu .
• Benkum Brachiocephalic Vein: Ɛha na wo benkum subclavian vein ne benkum mu jugular vein hyia. Oyi ware kakra sen ɔfoforo no, na ɛfa ɔkwan soronko kakra so. Ɛtu kwan kɔ fam, kɔ fam kakra, kɔhyia brachiocephalic vein nifa no. Wɔ kwan so no, ɛfa wo aortic arch no so ne wo carotid ntini ahorow ( ntini atitiriw a ɛwɔ wo kɔn mu) anim. Afei ɛka brachiocephalic vein nifa no ho. Ɛhɔ na vena cava a ɛkorɔn no fi ase.

Ntini afoforo bɛn na ɛne brachiocephalic ntini no di nkitaho?

Mogya a efi ntini nketenkete pii mu ba no ka brachiocephalic ntini yi ho. Ebi ne:

• Jugular Ntini a Ɛwɔ Mu
• Ntini a Ɛwɔ Subclavian
• Benkum ne Nifa Inferior Thyroid Ntini
• Benkum ne Nifa Mu Ntini a Ɛwɔ Ahurututu Mu (a wɔsan frɛ no Internal Mammary Veins) .
• Benkum ne Nifa Akyi Ntini
• Benkum Superior Intercostal Ntini a Ɛwɔ Anom

Ntini yi nyinaa kura mogya a mframa pa asɛe na ehia sɛ ɛsan kɔ koma no mu.

Saa ntini yi kɛse te dɛn?

Wo nifa ne benkum brachiocephalic ntini no kɛse yɛ soronko kakra.

• Brachiocephalic vein nifa no tenten bɛyɛ sɛntimita 2 kosi 3. Susuw ho hwɛ, ɛfa aspirin aduru abien a wɔde di dwuma daa a wɔde gu nkyɛnkyɛn no tenten ho.
• Benkum brachiocephalic ntini no tenten kyɛ, bɛyɛ sɛntimita 6.

Dɛn na wɔde yɛ brachiocephalic vein no?

Te sɛ wo ntini afoforo no, saa brachiocephalic ntini yi yɛ ntoatoaso abiɛsa a ɛyɛ ntini ne nhama ahorow abiɛsa:

• Tunica Adventitia (akyi fã): Eyi na ɛma ntini no yɛ ne nsusuwii ne ne nhyehyɛe.
• Tunica Media (mfinimfini fã):Ntini mu nkwammoaa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛwɔ mu. Eyinom na ɛma ntini no trɛw anaa ɛyɛ teateaa bere a mogya fa mu no.
• Tunica Intima (mfinimfini fã): Eyi wɔ nkataso bi a ɛyɛ endothelial nkwammoaa a ɛyɛ torotoro . Eyi ma mogya fa ntini no mu ntɛmntɛm a biribiara nsiw kwan.

Nea ɛho hia no, brachiocephalic ntini no nni valve te sɛ wo ntini afoforo dodow no ara. Valve ahorow no siw mogya no kwan sɛ ɛnkɔ akyi nkutoo.

Dɛn ne nipadua mu nsakrae a ɛwɔ brachiocephalic vein no mu?

Wɔwo nnipa binom a nipadua mu nsakrae ahorow bi wɔ wɔn brachiocephalic ntini mu. Nea ɛtaa ba no mu biako ne retroaortic brachiocephalic vein . Eyi ba bere a benkum brachiocephalic vein no tu mmirika wɔ aortic arch no ase sen sɛ ɛbɛfa so, sɛnea ɛtaa yɛ no. Enti, sɛ́ anka ntini yi betu mmirika akɔ wo aorta a ɛreforo ( wo aorta no fã a edi kan) anim no, etu mmirika wɔ n’akyi. Saa nsakrae a ɛba brachiocephalic ntini no mu yi ba nkokoaa bɛyɛ 250 biara mu 1 mu. Sɛ nsakrae ahorow yi nkutoo na ɛwɔ hɔ, kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ komayare foforo biara nni hɔ a, mpɛn pii no, ɛnsɛe hwee. Nanso mpɛn pii no wohu nsakrae yi wɔ nkokoaa a wɔwɔ komayare a wɔde awo wɔn (CHD) mu . Nyarewa yi bi ne:

• Aortic Arch Nsonsonoe, te sɛ Double Aortic Arch.
• Tokuru a ɛwɔ ahurututu no ntam anaa ahurututu no ntam (Atrial Septal Defects anaa Ventricular Septal Defects) .
• Aorta no a ɛyɛ den .
• Tetralogy of Fallot (ebia ɛwɔ ahurututu mu atresia).
• Total Anomalous Ahurututu mu Ntini a Ɛsan Ba.
• Truncus Arteriosus a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu.

Saa nsɛm yi mu bɛyɛ 60% fa CHD a emu nyɛ den ho. Nanso, nkokoaa binom betumi anya CHD a emu yɛ den a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ wɔn ayaresa anaa oprehyɛn.

Dɛn nti na nsakrae yi ho hia?

Saa nsakrae a ɛba brachiocephalic ntini no nhyehyɛe mu yi ho hia yiye sɛ ɛho hia sɛ woyɛ oprehyɛn anaa ayaresa bi a. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Sɛ wɔde bata koma ne ahurututu mu bypass (koma-ahurututu afiri) ho a.
• Bere a wode afiri a ɛma koma no bɔ kɛse rehyɛ mu no .

Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ, sɛ woyɛ nneɛma a ɛte sɛɛ a, wo brachiocephalic veins anaa mmeae a atwa ho ahyia no betumi aka. Enti, wo duruyɛfoɔ bɛyɛ nneɛma te sɛ ``Imaging Tests`` de ahwɛ wo nipadua nhyehyɛeɛ ansa na wayɛ biribi te sɛ yei. Afei, wɔbɛyɛ nsakrae bere a wɔreyɛ oprehyɛn anaa oprehyɛn no sɛnea ɛho hia.

Tebea bɛn na ɛka brachiocephalic vein no?

Aduruyɛ mu tebea horow pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aka brachiocephalic vein no:

• Nsɛnnennen a Ɛwɔ Central Venous Catheter mu: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a nnuruyɛfo de wo brachiocephalic vein no di dwuma ma mfinimfini venous no kɔ mu. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wɔde afiri a ɛyɛ tratraa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw hyehyɛ ntini yi mu na ama woanya nsu anaa nnuru. Nsɛnnennen a ebetumi aba wɔ eyi mu bi ne ntini no mu tokuru anaasɛ ntini a emu dɔ a ɛkɔ soro no mu thrombosis . Ɛntaa mma sɛ nneɛma te sɛ pseudoaneurysms nso betumi asi.
• Stenosis: Aduruyɛ mu ayaresa ahorow bi betumi ama saa ntini yi ayɛ teateaa. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ woreyɛ dialysis , wo duruyɛfo betumi ayɛ arteriovenous fistula (mogya ntini bi a ɛka ntini bi ne ntini bi bom) na ama dialysis ayɛ mmerɛw. Eyi taa fa brachiocephalic vein no ho. Vein stenosis yɛ ɔhaw a ɛntaa nsi wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu.
• Akisikuru: Mfinimfini akisikuru titiriw betumi ama saa ntini yi ayɛ kɛse na asiw mogya kwan, anaasɛ ebetumi afi nufu mu kokoram a atrɛw akɔ nipadua no afã afoforo mu.

Nhwehwɛmu bɛn na nnuruyɛfo de hwehwɛ saa ntini yi mu?

Ebia nnuruyɛfo de nhwehwɛmu te sɛ eyinom bedi dwuma de ahwɛ sɛ ebia ɔhaw ahorow te sɛ akisikuru wɔ wo brachiocephalic ntini mu:

• Duplex Ultrasound a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma
• CT Scan `(Kɔmputa so Tomography - CT Scan)`
• MRI Scan `(Magnetic Resonance Mfoniniyɛ - MRI )`
• Venogram (X-ray nhwehwɛmu titiriw bi a wɔde hwehwɛ ntini mu) .

Enti yɛbɛyɛ dɛn ama brachiocephalic vein yi anya apɔwmuden?

Sɛ wudi asetra kwan a ɛma koma nya ahoɔden akyi a, wubetumi ama wo mogya ntini nyinaa, a brachiocephalic ntini yi ka ho, ayɛ adwuma yiye. Afotu kakraa bi ni:

• Gyae sigaretnom ne tawa ho nneɛma nyinaa. Eyi ho hia paa.
• Nom nsu pii. Nsu dodow a ɛfata a wɔnom da biara no ye ma nipadua no yiye.
• Di nnuan a ɛma koma nya ahoɔden.Eyi boa ma wohwɛ wo mogya mmoroso, srade dodow, ne wo nipadua mu duru so.
• Kɔ nantew. Bɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛnantew simma 30 anyɛ yiye koraa no nnanu dapɛn biara. Nanso hwɛ hu sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa ansa na woafi apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ nhyehyɛe foforo ase.
• Di akɔneaba kakra da mũ no nyinaa. Sɛ wugye w’ahome bere tiaa bi fi tra a wobɛtra hɔ dinn na woakeka wo nipadua no ho a, ɛboa ma mogya no tu mpɔn.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae

Wo brachiocephalic vein no yɛ wo mogya a ɛkɔ wo mogya mu no fã a ɛho hia yiye. Ɛyɛ nea ɛde mogya a oxygen ayɛ no ma fi wo nipadua no atifi san kɔ wo koma mu. Enti, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛyɛ nea wubetumi biara na ama wo brachiocephalic vein, ne wo ntini afoforo nyinaa, anya apɔwmuden.

Suban ahorow a ɛma koma no yɛ den a wubegye atom no betumi aboa ma wo ntini ahorow no ayɛ adwuma yiye mfe pii. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka nsakrae a wubetumi ayɛ wɔ wo da biara da dwumadi mu ho asɛm. Obetumi de afotu a eye sen biara ama wo.

Enti, mewɔ anidaso sɛ saa nsɛm yi ho baa mfaso maa wo. Sɛ yenim nhyehyɛe ahorow a ɛyɛ nwonwa yi ho asɛm wɔ yɛn nipadua mu a, ɛma yɛn ani gye ho kɛse sɛ yɛbɛma ayɛ nea apɔwmuden, ɛnte saa?