So wunim Cardio-Oncologist a ɔboa ma koma no nya akwahosan pa ka kokoram ayaresa ho?

Sɛ woyɛ obi a woreyɛ kokoram ayaresa, anaasɛ wowɔ abusua muni anaa adamfo bi a ɔte saa a, ebia woasusuw eyi ho. Kokoram ayaresa yɛ ayaresa a egye nkwa. Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa ayaresa yi betumi anya yɛn koma so nkɛntɛnso. Ɛnnɛ, yɛrebɛka nnuruyɛfo atitiriw kuw bi a wɔba bɛboa yɛn wɔ mmere a ɛtete saa mu ho asɛm.

Hena ne koma ne kokoram ho ɔyaresafo yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyinom yɛ nnuruyɛfo a wɔde wɔn adwene si wɔn a wɔwɔ kokoram no koma akwahosan so titiriw bere a wɔresa wɔn yare no. Afei hwɛ, komayare ho animdefo wɔ hɔ, na kokoram ho animdefo nso wɔ hɔ. ``Cardio-oncologist'' oduruyɛfo yɛ koma ho ɔyaresafo anaasɛ oncologist. Nanso, wɔ wɔn adwuma titiriw titiriw akyi no, wɔanya ntetee titiriw a wɔde bedi komayare ho dwuma wɔ wɔn a wɔwɔ kokoram mu.

Wunim, kokoram ayaresa, te sɛ nnuru a wɔde sa yare ne mframa a wɔde sa yare , boa nkurɔfo ma wɔtra ase kyɛ. Ɛno yɛ kɛse. Nanso awerɛhosɛm ne sɛ, saa ayaresa ahorow yi betumi anya nkɛntɛnso bɔne . Eyinom bi ne komayare foforo anaa komayare a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw a ɛreyɛ kɛse. Sɛnea wo koma bɛsɛe wo ne asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubehyia ɔhaw ahorow no betumi ayɛ soronko kɛse wɔ ayaresa biara mu. Wɔfrɛ saa ɔhaw a ɛba koma no so yi cardiotoxicity , anaasɛ radiation heart disease.

Eyi nti na nnuruyɛ ho nimdeɛ foforo bi a wɔfrɛ no Cardio-Oncology aba no. Cardio-Oncology twe adwene si koma ne ntini mu yare a kokoram ayaresa de ba no a wobehu, ahwɛ so, na wɔasa so. Botae no ne sɛ wobɛtew nsunsuanso bɔne a kokoram ayaresa de ba wo koma ne ntini nhyehyɛe so no so.

Saa koma ne kokoram ho abenfo yi boa wo ma wunya kokoram ayaresa a etu mpɔn sen biara, a ɛmma wo koma nsɛe koraa. Wɔne akwahosan ho adwumayɛfo afoforo yɛ adwuma de yɛ w’ayaresa ho nhyehyɛe ma ɛne w’ahiade hyia.

Ntetee bɛn na saa animdefo yi nya?

Saa ``Cardio-Oncologists`` yi yɛ nnuruyɛfo a wɔwɔ nimdeɛ dedaw wɔ wɔn adwuma mu, ``Cardiology`` anaa ``Oncology.`` Wɔ wɔn ntetee titiriw akyi no, wonya ntetee foforo de sua nea edidi so yi:

• Dɛn ne kokoram ayaresa mu nsunsuanso bɔne a ɛka wo koma ne ntini nhyehyɛe?
• Sɛnea kokoram ka nipadua no nyinaa, titiriw koma ne ntini ahorow no.
• Sɛnea wɔhwehwɛ koma ne ntini mu asiane mu ansa na wɔasa kokoram, bere a wɔreyɛ, ne bere a wɔasa no akyi.
• Sɛnea wobehu koma ne ntini mu yare wɔ nnipa a wɔwɔ kokoram mu na wɔadi ho dwuma.
• Sɛnea wubesi nnuru a wɔde sa yare a asiane biara nni ho ma wo koma ne nea ɛde asiane kɛse ba ho gyinae.
• Sɛnea wobɛhwɛ wo koma ntini ne wo koma ntini ahorow so ahu nneɛma bɔne a efi kokoram ayaresa mu ba bere a wɔreyɛ ayaresa no ne bere a wɔasa no akyi.

Wɔtaa de ntetee yi ma denam ntetee titiriw nhyehyɛe a emu yɛ den (Fellowship) a ɛkyɛ bɛyɛ afe so. Nea ɛka ho ne:

• Nkyerɛkyerɛ a wɔde ma tẽẽ denam ɔkasa ahorow so.
• Nhyiam ahorow a wɔbɛkɔ.
• Nya osuahu a mfaso wɔ so wɔ ayarefo a wɔwɔ Cardio-Oncology Ayaresabea ahorow mu.
• Nhwehwɛmu mu osuahu.

Koma ne kokoram ho abenfo binom mpo wɔ board adansedi krataa a efi International Cardio-Oncology Society hɔ, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wogye wɔn nimdeɛ ne wɔn ahokokwaw tom wɔ amanaman ntam.

Dɛn nti na koma ne kokoram ho abenfo yi ho hia saa?

Bere a kokoram ayaresa tu mpɔn da biara da no, hia a saa `(Cardio-Oncologist)` nnuruyɛfo yi ho hia no akɔ soro kɛse mpo. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ nnipa dodow a wɔn ho tɔ wɔn wɔ kokoram mu no renya nkɔanim nkakrankakra. Susuw ho hwɛ, afe 2016 mu no, nnipa bɛboro ɔpepem 15 na wonyaa kokoram wɔ United States nkutoo. Nhwehwɛmufo kyerɛ sɛ ebedu afe 2040 no, dodow yi bɛkɔ soro akodu ɔpepem 26! Enti, bere a nnipa dodow a wɔn ho tɔ wɔn wɔ kokoram mu no kɔ soro no, nnipa dodow a wohyia ɔhaw ahorow a efi ayaresa mu nso kɔ soro, ɛnte saa?

Wɔn a wɔanya kokoram no du biara mu bɛyɛ baason adi boro mfe 65. Bere a wɔn a wɔanya kokoram yi nyin no, ebia wobehyia asiane a ɛkɔ soro sɛ wobenya komayare esiane wɔn kokoram ayaresa nti. Nea ɛka ho no, asiane no kɔ soro bere a obi nyin, asetra mu nneɛma, ne nyarewa afoforo a ɛbata ho no. Enti, ɛho hia sɛ wosa wɔn yare a wosusuw saa nneɛma yi nyinaa ho .

Saa koma ne kokoram ho abenfo yi wɔ ntetee ne osuahu a ehia na wɔde aboa nnipa dodow a ɛrenya nkɔanim yi.

Dɛn ankasa na koma ne kokoram ho ɔyaresafo yi yɛ?

Saa nkurɔfo yi hu koma ne ntini mu haw ahorow a ɛwɔ kokoram ayarefo mu na wɔsa. Ade a edi kan a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ ne sɛ wobehu nea ɛde ɔhaw no ba ankasa. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na ɛda adi pefee sɛ ebia kokoram ayaresa na ɛde tebea bi te sɛ komayare ba anaa. Mpɛn pii no, nnipa a wɔwɔ kokoram no wɔ afoforoEbia nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a ɛde komayare ba . Enti, ɛsɛ sɛ saa ``Cardio-Oncologists'' nnuruyɛfo yi hwehwɛ nea ɛde ba ankasa wɔ saa nneɛma ahorow a ebetumi de komayare aba yi mu.

Afei nso, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔkari pɛ wɔ botae abien a ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi ne wɔn ho wɔn ho bɔ abira:

• Hia a ɛho hia sɛ wɔsa wo kokoram no.
• Hia a ehia sɛ wobɔ wo koma ho ban .

Eyi ne baabi a adwumayɛkuw ahorow a wɔyɛ adwuma bom bɛyɛ nea ɛho hia kɛse. Cardio-Oncologists ne animdefo afoforo yɛ adwuma de kyerɛ ayaresa nhyehyɛe a eye sen biara ma ankorankoro biara.

Nnwuma a komayare ho oduruyɛfo yɛ sɛ wɔn nnwuma fã no bi ni:

• Ansa na wobefi kokoram ayaresa ase no, wɔyɛ asiane a ɛwɔ wo koma ne ntini mu no mu nhwehwɛmu kɔ akyiri.
• Wɔyɛ mfoninitwa nhwehwɛmu ne nhwehwɛmu a wɔde hu yare a ɛyɛ nwonwa de hwɛ sɛ ebia ɔhaw biara wɔ koma anaa mogya ntini mu anaa.
• Wɔayɛ ayaresa nhyehyɛe bi a wɔde bɛto wo kokoram no so wɔ ɔkwan a ɛremma wo koma nsɛe pii sɛnea wobetumi so.
• Wɔbɛhwɛ wo wɔ wo kokoram ayaresa no nyinaa mu na wɔahu koma mu haw biara ntɛm.
• Wɔde ɔhwɛ a edi akyi ma bere a wɔawie wo kokoram ayaresa no mpo.
• Wɔkamfo oprehyɛn ne ayaresa afoforo kyerɛ wɔ komayare a kokoram ayaresa de ba no ho.

Saa ``Cardio-Oncologists'' yi boa ma wɔhwɛ komayare ahorow so. Nhwɛso kakraa bi ni:

• Koma mu nnyigyei a ɛnkɔ so pɛpɛɛpɛ (Arrhythmias), te sɛ Atrial Fibrillation ne Torsade de Pointes.
• Coronary Ntini mu Yare.
• Koma a Ɛnyɛ Den.
• Koma mu Valve Yare.
• Mogya mmoroso (Hypertension).
• Koma ne Ntini Mu Yare a Ɛma Anohyeto.

Henanom na wonya ayaresa fi saa koma ne kokoram ho abenfo yi hɔ?

Nnuruyɛfo yi hwɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ kokoram a wɔwɔ komayare anaa nneɛma a ɛde komayare ba. Wɔsan nso sa nnipa a wonya komayare bere a wɔasa wɔn kokoram akyi. Koma mu awuduru bi da adi ntɛm ara. Nanso afoforo pue wɔ kokoram ayaresa akyi mfe pii (ebia mfe 10 anaa nea ɛboro saa). Ɛte sɛ nea ɛno yɛ hu, ɛnte saa? Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, ɛno nso ano aduru wɔ hɔ.

Cardio-Oncologist nnuruyɛfo boa nnipa te sɛ:

• Nnipa a wɔrebefi ase ayɛ kokoram ayaresa na wɔwɔ ade biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a ɛde komayare ba. Eyinom ho nhwɛso ne kɛseyɛ mmoroso , asikreyare, ne mogya mmoroso .
• Wɔn a wɔrebefi ase ayɛ kokoram ayaresa, ne wɔn a wɔwɔ komayare dedaw nso.
• Nnipa a wonya komayare ho sɛnkyerɛnne bere a wɔreyɛ nnuru anaa mframa a wɔde sa yare no. Eyinom ho nhwɛso ne ɔfe (edema) , ɔbrɛ , koko mu yaw, ne koma a ɛbɔ a ɛnteɛ (arrhythmia).
• Nnipa a kan no na wɔayɛ wɔn kokoram ayaresa na mprempren wɔrehyia komayare foforo.
• Nnipa a wɔanya komayare esiane kokoram ayaresa nti na wohia koma mu oprehyɛn anaa ayaresa afoforo.
• Nnipa a wɔwɔ koma mu akisikuru.

So ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ koma ho oduruyɛfo nso nkyɛn?

Onipa a oye sen biara a wubebisa wo hwɛ ahiade ho asɛm ne wo hwɛfo titiriw anaa oduruyɛfo a ɔresa wo kokoram (oncologist). Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wokɔ koma ne kokoram ho ɔyaresafo nkyɛn a, ɛho behia sɛ wo duruyɛfo de wo kɔma wo .

Sɛ wotɔ saa akuw yi mu biako mu a, ebia ɛho behia nso sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo titiriw bi nkyɛn:

• Sɛ wowɔ komayare na nnansa yi ara wɔahu sɛ wowɔ kokoram a.
• Sɛ wɔasa wo kokoram bere bi a atwam, bere a na woyɛ abofra mpo a.
• Sɛ mprempren woreyɛ kokoram ayaresa a.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ komayare nkyɛn?

Bere dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ koma ne kokoram ho ɔyaresafo nkyɛn no gu ahorow kɛse wɔ onipa biara mu. Ebia wubefi ase anya ɔhwɛ ansa na woafi ase ayɛ kokoram ayaresa na afei woayɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛbɛma woadi akyi mfe pii. Ɛsɛ sɛ wudi akwankyerɛ a efi w’aduruyɛfo kuw hɔ a ɛfa mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ hɔ ho no akyi.

Koma ne ntini mu mfoniniyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu te sɛ echocardiograms , yɛ wo koma kokoram hwɛ no fã titiriw yiye. Eyi yɛ nokware bere a wo kokoram ayaresa no aba awiei mpo no. Saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi betumi ada komayare ho sɛnkyerɛnne adi ntɛm. Enti, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wudi wo duruyɛfo bere nyinaa so .

Sɛ́ wubefi kokoram ayaresa mu aba no yɛ anammɔn kɛse. Afei, sɛ wuhu sɛ wowɔ komayare na wuhia ayaresa a, ebetumi ayɛ wo den. Ebetumi ayɛ te sɛ nea woawie mmirikatu a ɛyɛ den na mpofirim ara ɛsɛ sɛ wutu mmirika foforo. Nanso kae sɛ ɛnyɛ wo nkutoo na wowɔ akwantu yi mu . Koma ne kokoram ho animdefo yɛ animdefo a wobetumi aboa wo ma woadi komayare ho dwuma, sɛ́ ebia wowɔ asiane mu anaasɛ wɔahu sɛ wowɔ bi no. Wo ne w’abusua oduruyɛfo anaa oncologist nkasa na sua pii fa sɛnea koma ne oncologist betumi aboa wo no ho.

Nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae fi nea yɛaka ho asɛm no mu (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, enti, so yɛbɛkae wo nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wode sie w’adwene mu fi nea yɛaka ho asɛm no mu kɛkɛ?

• (Koma ne Kokoram Ho Ɔbenfo) .Eyi kyerɛ oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ kokoram no koma akwahosan so titiriw bere a ɔresa wɔn yare no.
• Kokoram ayaresa (e.g., `(Chemotherapy)`, `(Radiation Therapy)`) betumi de nsunsuanso bɔne aba koma no so. Wɔfrɛ eyi `(Cardiotoxicity)` .
• Saa animdefo yi boa ma koma no sɛe bere a wɔde kokoram ho ayaresa a eye sen biara ma no.
• Sɛ wowɔ komayare a kokoram wom, wowɔ nneɛma a ɛde komayare ba, anaasɛ wunya komayare ho sɛnkyerɛnne bere a woasa kokoram akyi a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa nkɔhwɛ koma ne kokoram ho oduruyɛfo.
• Ɛho hia paa sɛ wode w’adwene si wo koma so bere nyinaa ansa na woasa kokoram, bere a woreyɛ no, ne bere a woayɛ no akyi.

Kae sɛ ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wubesusuw wo koma akwahosan ho bere a woreko atia kokoram no. Nanso, abenfo bi wɔ hɔ a wɔbɛboa wo na wɔahwɛ wo. Enti nsuro!

` Koma ne kokoram ho ɔyaresafo, kokoram ayaresa, komayare, nea efi mu ba, nnuru a wɔde sa yare, mframa a wɔde sa yare, koma akwahosan