Momma yensua akokodurufo nkumaa baanu a wɔkyekye yɛn nnompe no ho ade kɛkɛ: Osteoblasts ne Osteoclasts!

So woasusuw wo nnompe ho pɛn? Yɛtaa susuw wɔn sɛ nneɛma a emu yɛ den a ɛnsakra. Nanso ɛnte saa. Yɛn nnompe yɛ ntini a nkwa wom , te sɛ yɛn nipadua a aka no ara pɛ. Ebia worensusuw saa, nanso wɔrenyin, wɔresɛe, na wɔresesa wɔn ananmu bere nyinaa, ɛnyɛ fi mmofraase kosi mpanyin afe so nko, na mmom yɛn nkwa nna nyinaa! Nkwammoaa ahodoɔ mmienu a ɛho hia paa a ɛboa adwuma a ɛyɛ nwonwa yi na wɔfrɛ no `Osteoblasts` ne `Osteoclasts`. Momma yɛnka saa baanu yi ho asɛm kakra nnɛ, ɛnte saa?

Henanom ne `Osteoblasts`? Dɛn na wɔyɛ?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, `Osteoblasts` ne "Mason Jars" a ɛkyekye yɛn nnompe. Ɛtɔ da bi a wɔsan frɛ wɔn `osteogenic cells`. Wɔn na wɔhyɛ yɛn nnompe den, na wɔn na wɔyɛ nnompe foforo. `Osteoblasts` wɔ dwumadi atitiriw abiɛsa:

• Nnompe foforo a wɔbɛkyekye ( bone formation).
• Bere a yɛrenyin, kyerɛ sɛ, bere a yɛrenyin fi mmofraase kosi mpanyin afe so no, yɛn nnompe sesa ma ɛne yɛn nipadua nsɛso hyia, adeyɛ a wɔfrɛ no `remodeling`.
• Nnompe a wɔsa bere a wɔabubu, abubu, anaa wɔapirapira no .

Fa no sɛ, sɛ ɛho hia sɛ yɛn nnompe no mu biako nyin, sesa wɔ ɔkwan bi so, anaasɛ ɛsa yare bere a wɔabubu akyi a, nnuru ahorow a ɛyɛ adwuma wɔ yɛn nipadua mu, anaasɛ `hormones` na ɛkanyan saa `Osteoblasts` nkwammoaa yi. Afei saa `Osteoblasts` nkwammoaa yi bom na wɔyɛ na woyi afrafra soronko bi a wɔfrɛ no `bone matrix` . Saa `nnompe matrix` yi yɛ `proteins` te sɛ `collagen` ne `calcium` ne `phosphate`, a ɛyɛ minerals a ɛho hia paa ma yɛn nnompe. Saa adwuma yi te sɛ obi a ɔhwie `kɔnkrit` gu bere a ɔreyɛ kwan no. Obetumi ayɛ ɔkwan foforo koraa. Anaasɛ obetumi de saa `kɔnkrit` koro no ara ahyɛ mpaapaemu ne abubuw a ɛwɔ ɔkwan dedaw bi so no ma. Saa ara nso na `Osteoblasts`, `Masons` no, de saa `bone matrix` `concrete` yi yɛ nnompe foforo, hyɛ dedaw no den, na wɔsa nea abubu no yare. Sɛ wɔkyekye nnompe mu ntini foforo no wɔ saa kwan yi so wie a, `Osteoblasts` nkwammoaa bi bɛyɛ saa dompe foforo no fã. Afei wɔfrɛ wɔn `Osteocytes` . Anyɛ saa a, sɛ wɔn som ho nhia bio a, saa nkwammoaa no wuwu.

Momma yensua kakra fa wɔn a wɔfrɛ wɔn `Osteocytes` no ho?

Osteocytes te sɛ "security guards" a ɛwɔ yɛn nnompe mu no.Te sɛ. Yɛn nnompe no mu dodow no ara yɛ saa `Osteocytes` nkwammoaa yi. Wɔrehwɛ nhyɛso anaa nhyɛso ko a wɔde reto yɛn nnompe so bere nyinaa. Sɛ yɛnantew, tu mmirika, anaa yɛma biribi so a, sɛ mpo nkɛntɛnso kɛse bi te sɛ dompe a abubu a, saa `Osteocytes` yi te nka. Saa bere no, wɔn na wɔde nsɛnkyerɛnne kɔma `Osteoblasts` (wɔn a wosi) ne `Osteoclasts` (wɔn a wɔbubu - yɛbɛka ho asɛm akyiri yi) nyinaa sɛ, "Ɔhaw bi ni, bra bɛsiesie." Sɛ nhwɛsoɔ no, sɛ dompe bi mu paapae anaa ɛbubu a, `Osteocytes` ne wɔn a wɔde nkwammoaa foforɔ ba beaeɛ hɔ ntɛm, yi asinasin a abubu no, na ɛboa ma dompe foforɔ na ɛsa.

Enti nkwammoaa bɛn na ɛyɛ `Osteoclasts`?

Osteoclasts yɛ "ahotew adwumayɛfo" a wɔpete nkwammoaa dedaw a asɛe fi yɛn nnompe mu na woyi fi hɔ . Ɛte sɛ adwumayɛfo a wɔrebubu adan. Wɔn na wɔma osteoblasts kwan ma ɛyɛ dompe foforo.

Ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wobɛfa so akae ne sɛ: `Blasts` te sɛ `Builders`, `Clasts` te sɛ `Cleaners`.

Osteoclasts yi enzyme soronko bi fi hɔ. Saa enzymes yi tew dompe dedaw no na ɛpaapae. Wɔma nnuru yɛ adwuma wɔ nnompe dedaw no ani, na ɛma saa asinasin no tete na ɛma ntini foforo a ɛyɛ den no nya kwan. Nanso sɛ nnompe mu ntini a ɛma nnompe mu yɛ den no tew nnompe a, ɛnte sɛ acid a ɛredi dade bi te sɛ nea ɛwɔ mfoninitwa mu no. Wɔahyɛ saa adeyɛ yi so yiye na ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ . Osteoclasts no twitwa mmeae a osteocytes (ahobammɔ adwumayɛfo) a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no ahyɛ no agyirae sɛ "ɛha na ɛsɛ sɛ yeyi fi hɔ no nkutoo." Enzymes a osteoclasts gyae no bubu nnompe a ɛyɛ den no na ɛsan twetwe emu nneɛma. Afei, amena nketewa sisi dompe no ani. Sɛ saa ntokuru no ba wie a, nnompe mu ntini (adansifo) no ba mu na wɔde dompe foforo hyɛ nsonsonoe no mu ma. Ɛte sɛ kuw mmɔdenbɔ!

Saa `Osteoblasts` ne `Osteoclasts` nkwammoaa yi te dɛn?

Saa nkwammoaa abien yi nyinaa sua koraa na wohu wɔ yɛn nnompe no akyi kataso (`bone lining`) ne nnompe no ankasa mu.

• Mpɛn pii no, osteoblasts yɛ nkwammoaa nketenkete a ɛte sɛ kuruwa.
• Osteoclasts sõ kakra sen nnompe mu nkwammoaa. Wɔyɛ kurukuruwa, na wɔn nsusuwii te sɛ dome.

Dɛn ne nyarewa a ɛtaa ba a ɛka nkwammoaa yi dwumadi?

Osteoblasts ne osteoclasts yɛ yɛn nnompe no afã abien a ɛho hia yiye. Enti, yare biara a ɛka yɛn nnompe nso betumi aka nkwammoaa yi dwumadi. Ɔhaw atitiriw a ɛmma yɛn nnompe ntumi nkyekye na entumi nkɔ so nnya ahoɔden no bi ni:

• Nnompe mu yareɛ - Wei ne berɛ a nnompe no yɛ teateaa, ɛyɛ mmerɛ, na ɛbubu ntɛmntɛm.
• Osteopenia - Eyi yɛ ade a edi nnompe mu yare anim. Nnompe no mu duru fi ase so tew.
• Hyperparathyroidism - Ntini a parathyroid ntini no yɛ dodo, na ɛma woyi calcium fi nnompe no mu.
• `Paget's disease of the bone (osteitis deformans)` - Wɔ saa tebea yi mu no, nnompe no siesie nhyehyɛe no sɛe, na ɛma nnompe no yɛ mmerɛw na ɛyɛ mmerɛw.

So sɔhwɛ titiriw bi wɔ hɔ a wɔde hu nkwammoaa yi ho asɛm?

Mpɛn pii no, wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu pɔtee biara a wɔde bɛhwɛ sɛnea wo nnompe mu ntini anaa nnompe mu ntini no reyɛ adwuma yiye. Nnuruyɛfo taa sɔ dompe no nyinaa akwahosan hwɛ, sen sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ nkwammoaa pɔtee bi. Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wobetumi ayɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu (labs) de ahwɛ sɛnea wo nnompe mu ntini ahorow no reyɛ adwuma yiye anaasɛ wɔaboa ma wɔahu tebea bi te sɛ nnompe mu yare. Nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi a wɔtaa yɛ de hwɛ sɛnea wo nnompe no te ni:

• Bone density test (DXA scan) : Eyi de X-ray a ɛba fam na ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wo nnompe mu yɛ den. Ebetumi aboa ma woahu sɛ ebia wo nnompe reyɛ teateaa bere a worenyin no, anaasɛ wowɔ nnompe mu yare anaa nnompe mu yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow.
• Vitamin D sɔhwɛ (` Vitamin D 25-hydroxy sɔhwɛ`) : Hwɛ sɛ worenya `Vitamin D` a ɛdɔɔso anaa.
• Calcium nhwehwɛmu : Eyi hwɛ sɛnea calcium dodow wɔ wo mogya mu, na ebetumi nso ahwɛ sɛnea calcium dodow te wɔ wo nsu a wode nnɔnhwerew 24 gu mu no mu.
• `Intact parathyroid hormone (IPTH)` sɔhwɛ : Ɛhwɛ sɛnea parathyroid hormone dodow te.
• Creatinine nhwehwɛmu : Eyi hwɛ sɛ w’asaabo reyɛ adwuma yiye anaa.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛyɛ na ama yɛn nnompe ayɛ yiye?

Nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ na ama wo nnompe ayɛ yiye na ayɛ den. Nneɛma bi a wubetumi ayɛ ni:

• Di aduan pa a ahoɔden wom , titiriw nnuan a calcium ne vitamin D pii wom.
• Yɛ apɔw-mu- teɛteɛ a wode soa mu duru . Ɛne sɛ, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛma wo nnompe mu yɛ duru, te sɛ nantew , mmirikatu, ne antweri a wobɛforo.
• Kwati sigaretnom koraa . Sigaretnom pira nnompe paa.
• Nya calcium ne vitamin D a ɛdɔɔso.Hwɛ yiye sɛ ebia worenya nea ɛdɔɔso anaa. Sɛ ɛho hia a, fa nnuru a wɔde ka aduan ho wɔ aduruyɛfo afotu ase.
• Kɔ aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu daa . Sɛ wote yare anaa nsakrae bi nka a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛwɔ `Osteoblasts` ne `Osteocytes` ntam?

`Osteoblasts` ne `Osteocytes` nyinaa yɛ nkwammoaa a ɛboa ma yɛn nnompe kyekye na ɛhwɛ so. Nanso nsonsonoe kakra wɔ mu.

• Osteoblasts ne nkwammoaa a ɛma dompe foforo, nyin dompe a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw, na esiesie. Wɔn na wogyae nnompe no mu ntini no na ɛyɛ ntini foforo.
• Osteocytes yɛ nkwammoaa a wohu wɔ nnompe mu ntini a ɛho akokwaw mu . Wɔn na wɔte nhyɛso ne adwennwen a ɛwɔ nnompe no so no nka na wɔde nsɛnkyerɛnne kɔma nnompe mu ntini ne nnompe mu nkwaadɔm no, na wɔka sɛ, "Ɔhaw bi wɔ ha, ɛsɛ sɛ wosiesie."

Awiei koraa no, nea ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Afei wote sɛnea nkwammoaa nketewa abien yi a wɔfrɛ no `Osteoblasts` ne `Osteoclasts` nya nkɛntɛnso kɛse wɔ yɛn nnompe akwahosan so no ase. Wɔbom yɛ adwuma bere nyinaa, na wɔboa yɛn nnompe ma enyin, ɛyɛ foforo, na ɛkɔ so yɛ den. Te sɛ abran a wɔmmɔ wɔn dwom.

Ɛho hia titiriw sɛ nnipa a wɔadi boro mfe 65, mmea a wɔakɔ brayɛ mu, ne wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa mu tebea horow a enni sabea hwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu na wɔyɛ wɔn aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu daa. Eyi ma nnuruyɛfo tumi hwɛ wo nnompe akwahosan so na wohu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edi kan a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nnompe asɛe anaasɛ nnompe mu yare.

Enti, hwɛ wo nnompe nso yiye. Adidi pa, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, ne asetra a ahoɔden wom ne nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara!