So wo mogya tu ntɛmntɛm? Anaasɛ nkakrankakra? Momma yensua PTT (Partial Thromboplastin Time) sɔhwɛ no ho ade!

Hɛlo! Wo ho te sɛn? Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ebia ɛyɛ foforo kakra ma nnipa pii ho asɛm, nanso ɛtɔ da bi a ɛho hia paa. Wɔfrɛ eyi PTT sɔhwɛ, anaasɛ ne nyinaa mu no, `(Partial Thromboplastin Time)` sɔhwɛ. So woate saa din yi ho asɛm pɛn? Ebia oduruyɛfo bi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ eyi. Anaasɛ ebia obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu ayɛ saa. Enti, momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm nnɛ wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wubetumi ate ase so.

Dɛn ne PTT sɔhwɛ? Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a...

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, saa PTT nhwehwɛmu yi yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛkyerɛ bere tenten a egye ansa na wo mogya ayɛ . Fa no sɛ, sɛ wopira kakra a, mogya kakra bɛsen na agyae. Saa mogya a ɛtɔ no gyae efisɛ mogya no tu. Sɛ mogya a ɛtwetwe yi betumi akɔ so yiye a, ɛsɛ sɛ protein ahorow pii a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu a wɔfrɛ no clotting factors , bom yɛ adwuma. Ɛte sɛ kuw bi a wɔbom yɛ adwuma. Sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ saa nneɛma yi mu biara ho a, ɛbɛka mogya a ɛtwetwe no nyinaa, na ɛno kyerɛ sɛ bere a egye ansa na mogya no atɔ no betumi asesa.

Ɛtɔ da bi a wɔfrɛ saa sɔhwɛ yi `aPTT` (`(activated partial thromboplastin time)`). Eyi te saa efisɛ lab no de ade ketewaa bi ka wo mogya no ho a ɛboa ma mogya no tu. Ɛhɔ na asɛmfua `activated` no ba.

Saa PTT nhwehwɛmu yi betumi ahwɛ sɛnea wo mogya mu nneɛma dodow no ara reyɛ adwuma. Nanso, nneɛma afoforo bi wɔ hɔ a sɔhwɛ yi ntumi nhwɛ mu. Sɔhwɛ soronko bi wɔ hɔ a wɔde hwɛ eyinom, a wɔfrɛ no PT sɔhwɛ (Prothrombin Time sɔhwɛ anaa PT sɔhwɛ). Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, nnuruyɛfo hyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu abien no nyinaa na ama wɔahu sɛnea wo mogya retu no ho mfonini a edi mũ.

Dɛn ankasa na PTT sɔhwɛ yi susuw?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, PTT nhwehwɛmu no titiriw na ɛkyerɛ bere tenten a egye ansa na wo mogya ayɛ . Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ wɔde sikɔne kakraa bi na ɛsusuw.

Nea ɛka ho no, eyi betumi ama yɛanya nneɛma afoforo pii ho adwene:

• Nneɛma bi a ɛma mogya tu wɔ wo mogya mu dodow.
• Sɛ́ ebia saa nneɛma no reyɛ adwuma yiye anaasɛ ɛnte saa.

Susuw ho saa kwan yi so: mogya a ɛtwetwe no te sɛ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn. Sɛ link biako yɛ loose a, nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no nyinaa rentumi nyɛ adwuma yiye. Saa na ɛte wɔ eyi ho.

Bere bɛn na wɔyɛ PTT sɔhwɛ?

Seesei ebia woredwene sɛ, "Okay, eyi fa mogya a ɛtwetwe bere ho. Enti, bere bɛn na oduruyɛfo bɛkra PTT?" Nhwɛso ahorow bi ni:

• Sɛ wo mogya no tu ntɛmntɛm dodo anaasɛ ɛte sɛ nea ɛtwetwe brɛoo dodo a .
• Sɛ wususuw sɛ mogya atɔ wo mu wɔ mogya ntini bi mu a.
• Sɛ mogya retu wo bere nyinaa a ntease biara nnim a(Sɛ nhwɛso no, hwene mu mogya, anom a mogya tu) anaasɛ nipadua no so akuru kɛkɛ.
• Sɛ woyɛ ɔbea a, wotaa nyinsɛn gu .
• Sɛ wowɔ mmerɛbo mu yare a . Efisɛ mmerɛbo no yɛ nneɛma a ɛma mogya tu yi pii.
• Ansa na wobɛyɛ oprehyɛn anaa aduru foforo biara , hwɛ sɛ wowɔ mogyatɔw ho haw bi anaa.
• Sɛ worenom aduru a ɛma mogya tu a wɔfrɛ no heparin , hwɛ hu sɛ dodow a wode bɛma wo no fata wo. Heparin pii betumi ama mogya atu, na sɛ ɛdɔɔso a, ebetumi ama mogya atɔ.
• Sɛ wo duruyɛfo pɛ sɛ ohu ade pɔtee a ɛma mogya tu a ɛde wo mogya a ɛtɔ anaa mogya tu ho haw reba a, .

Ɛyɛ nsɛm a ɛte sɛ eyinom mu na oduruyɛfo bi si gyinae sɛ ɔbɛyɛ PTT nhwehwɛmu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ saa PTT sɔhwɛ yi wɔ lab?

Okay, afei ma yɛnhwɛ nea ɛkɔ so wɔ lab no mu bere a yɛagye mogya bi afi wo hɔ awie no. Eyi yɛ nyansahu mu asɛm kakra, nanso mɛma ayɛ mmerɛw.

1. Nea edi kan no, wɔtetew ɔfã a wohia ma nhwehwɛmu no nkutoo, plasma , fi mogya a wogye fi wo hɔ no mu.

2. Afei, wɔde activator bi ka plasma no ho. Eyi na ɛboa ma mogya no fi ase.

3. Afei, wɔde plasma no sie ɔhyew pɔtee bi mu bere tiaa bi (wɔfrɛ eyi ``incubating'').

4. Awiei koraa no, wɔde nnuru bi a wɔfrɛ no calcium chloride ka ho. Eyi ne bere a mogya a ɛretu no fi ase yɛ.

Labfo no rehwɛ bere tenten (wɔ sikɔne mu) ansa na mogya a ɛtɔ fi bere a etwa to a wɔde calcium chloride no kaa ho no. Ɛno ne wo PTT bo a ɛsom. Ate aseɛ?

So ɛsɛ sɛ wusiesie wo ho ansa na woayɛ PTT sɔhwɛ no?

Nnipa pii suro kakra sɛ wɔte mogya mu nhwehwɛmu ho asɛm a. Nanso biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ de siesie wo ho ma PTT sɔhwɛ yi. Ɛho nhia sɛ wobɛto w’aduan ano hye anaasɛ woyɛ biribi foforo biara.

Nanso, ade ketewaa biako wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ. Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛnom nsu pii ansa na wɔatwe wo mogya. Saa kwan no so no, ɛbɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wubehu ntini no. Ade foforo ne sɛ, sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a, hyɛ atade a nsa tiaa . Saa kwan no so no, ɛho renhia sɛ wobobɔ wo nsa.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ kwan bere a wɔretwe mogya no?

Eyi te sɛ mogya a wɔtwe de yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu afoforo ara pɛ. Fa no sɛ wokɔɔ oduruyɛfo adwumayɛbea hɔ sɛ worekɔgye mogya.

• Ɔyarehwɛfo no anaa obi a ofi lab no bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ tena nkongua so. Ebetumi ayɛ nkongua a wɔde nsateaa a wubetumi atrɛw wo nsa mu.
• Afei wɔde tourniquet kyekyere wo basa ho, te sɛ rɔba, na ama ntini no ada adi yiye.
• Afei, wɔde biribi te sɛ nsa popa baabi a wɔatutu no.
• Afei, wɔde ade ketewaa bi hyɛ honam ani a wɔahohoro no mu.
• Woyi mogya kakraa bi fi ntini bi mu na wɔboaboa ano wɔ afiri titiriw bi mu. Nnuru bi wɔ saa afiri yi mu a ɛmma mogya no ntumi nkɔ afiri no mu.

Ɛno ara ne nea ɛba. Sɛ wɔto stinger no mu a, ɛte sɛ nea ntɛtea ketewaa bi reka wo , nanso ɛtra hɔ sikani kakraa bi pɛ.

Dɛn na ɛba bere a wɔtwe mogya no akyi?

Sɛ wɔfa mogya no wie a, wɔbɛyɛ eyi:

• Oyi rɔba a wɔde kyekyere ne nsateaa ho no.
• Ɔkobɔfo no yi nsɔe no fi ne nsam.
• Fa biribi te sɛ kotoku asinasin gu baabi a akuturuku no sii no na fa kura hɔ kakra.
• Afei, wɔde aduru ketewaa bi a wɔde kyekyere baabi no gu so.

Wubetumi ayi saa plaster no afi hɔ wɔ nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi mu.

So asiane ahorow bi wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu?

Nokwarem no, saa PTT sɔhwɛ yi yɛ sɔhwɛ a ahobammɔ wom yiye . Asiane akɛse biara nni hɔ.

• Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ɛyaw kakra nka bere a wɔde ade no ahyɛ mu no.
• Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, baabi a atwa nea wɔatutu no ho ahyia no betumi adan bruu, te sɛ akuru ketewaa bi . Eyi ankasa bɛsa yare wɔ nna kakraa bi mu. Biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wohaw wo ho wɔ ho.

Ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ mogya no bɛkɔ so atu mogya anaasɛ ɛbɛnya ɔyare mmoawa afi baabi a wɔtwe mogya no. Sɛ eyi ba a, ɛsɛ sɛ woka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo .

Nea efii PTT amanneɛbɔ no mu bae... dɛn na wɔka?

Nea efii PTT sɔhwɛ no mu bae no wɔ sikani mu . Wei kyerɛ sɛ egye sikani kakraa bi ansa na wo mogya atɔ.

Mpɛn pii no, wobu PTT bo a ɛwɔ sikani 25 ne 35 ntam sɛ ɛwɔ ``nkyɛmu a ɛyɛ daa'' mu . Nanso, saa dodow a ɛfata yi betumi ayɛ soronko kakra wɔ lab biako mu. Enti, ɛsɛ sɛ wode wo bo a ɛsom no toto nea ɛfata a ɛwɔ w’amanneɛbɔ no mu no ho.

Dɛn na PTT bo a ɛkorɔn kyerɛ? Ɛkyerɛ sɛ egye bere tenten ansa na mogya atɔ!

Fa no sɛ wo PTT bo no korɔn sen nea ɛfata. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wo mogya no regye bere tenten sen sɛnea ɛte daa ansa na ayɛ . Nneɛma pii betumi ama eyi aba:

• Sɛ worenom heparin a, ebia heparin dodow a wɔde rema wo no bɛyɛ kɛse kakra .
• Ebia wowɔ yare bi a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa a ɛka mogya a ɛtwetwe.
• Ebia wowɔ mmerɛbo mu yare (sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, mmerɛbo no ma nneɛma a ɛma mogya tu).
• Ebia wowɔ leukemia , yare bi a ɛka mogya a ɛtwetwe.
• Ebia wowɔ awosu mu tebea bi a wonya fi w’awofo hɔ, te sɛ hemophilia anaa von Willebrand yare . Eyinom yɛ nyarewa a ɛma mogya a ɛtwetwe no so tew.
• Vitamin K a ɛwɔ wo nipadua muEbia Vitamin K nni wo so Vitamin K nso yɛ biribi a ɛboa ma mogya tu.

Eyi betumi ama wo PTT akɔ soro. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛkyerɛ eyi mu akyerɛ wo akɔ akyiri.

Bere tenten ahe na egye na wɔahu nea efi PTT sɔhwɛ no mu ba?

Eyi gu ahorow gyina lab a wunya sɔhwɛ no fi hɔ no so. Lab ahorow bi betumi ama wo nea efi mu ba da koro no ara . Mmeae bi betumi agye nna kakraa bi . Sɛ wode mogya ma a, wubetumi abisa wɔn bere a wubetumi anya amanneɛbɔ no.

Sɛ nea efi mu ba no nyɛ nea ɛfata a, dɛn na woyɛ akyi?

Sɛ wo PTT nhwehwɛmu no mu aba no boro nea ɛfata so, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛnyɛ nea ɛfata a, wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ akyi. Ebia wobetumi:

• Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ sɔhwɛ pii na ama woahu nea wo haw no yɛ ankasa. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wobɛhwɛ sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ mogya a ɛma mogya tu (`(clotting factor)`) pɔtee bi ho anaa.
• Sɛ worenom heparin a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ nsakrae wɔ wo heparin dodow mu .

Nanso, oduruyɛfo no bɛkyerɛ wo nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ.

So wopɛ sɛ wosan kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn bio?

Yiw, akyinnye biara nni ho.

• Sɛ woda so ara nnyaa amanneɛbɔ no bere a ɛsɛ sɛ ɛba a, frɛ wo duruyɛfo .
• Sɛ wo nsa ka amanneɛbɔ no wie a, sɛ wunnim nea ebefi mu aba anaa nea wobɛyɛ akyi a , hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn na woabisa ho asɛm. Mma nkura biribiara mu.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda PT sɔhwɛ ne PTT (aPTT) sɔhwɛ ntam?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, `PT` sɔhwɛ (`(Prothrombin Time sɔhwɛ)`) ne `aPTT` (PTT) sɔhwɛ yɛ sɔhwɛ abien a ɛhwɛ akuw ahorow abien a ɛma mogya tu (`(clotting factors)`). Sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wuhu nneɛma dodow bi ho nsɛm pii sen sɛnea wobetumi ahu wɔ nhwehwɛmu biako pɛ mu a, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu abien yi nyinaa. Eyi bɛma woahu sɛnea mogya tu no ho mfonini a edi mũ.

Ebetumi ayɛ nea ɛhaw adwene ankasa sɛ wubehu sɛ wo mogya no tu ntɛmntɛm dodo anaasɛ ɛyɛ den dodo. Nanso, sɛ wo duruyɛfo yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den te sɛ eyi a, obetumi ahu nea ɛde wo mogya a ɛtwetwe ho haw no ba na wasa no sɛnea ɛfata.

Nea ɛho hia paa ne sɛ, sɛ woante biribi ase a, nsuro sɛ wobɛbisa wo duruyɛfoɔ. Afei wobetumi akyerɛkyerɛ biribiara mu akyerɛ wo.

Enti, nneɛma bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae fi eyinom nyinaa mu?

Okay, enti mewɔ anidaso sɛ seesei woanya ntease pa wɔ PTT sɔhwɛ a yɛkaa ho asɛm nnɛ no ho. Ne tiaatwa mu no:

• PTT nhwehwɛmu yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛho hia a ɛkyerɛ bere a egye ansa na wo mogya ayɛ .
• Eyi nso hwɛ sɛ nneɛma a ɛma mogya tu no reyɛ adwuma yiye anaa.
• Sɛ mogya taa tu wo, wo mogya tu, woreyɛ oprehyɛn, anaa worenom nnuru te sɛ heparin a, wobetumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu yi.
• Sɔhwɛ no nhwehwɛ ahosiesie titiriw biara , ɔkwan a ɛso yɛ toro kakra kɛkɛ.
• Sɛ nea efi mu ba no nyɛ nea ɛfata a, oduruyɛfo no behu nea ɛde ba na waka nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ akyi .
• Sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa wɔ biribiara ho a, nsuro sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo.

Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛhwɛ w’akwahosan so. Sɛ yɛyɛ sɔhwɛ te sɛ eyi a, yebetumi ahu ɔhaw biara na yɛadi ho dwuma ntɛm. Enti, obiara nnya apɔwmuden!

` PTT nhwehwɛmu, aPTT sɔhwɛ, mogya a ɛtwetwe, mogya a ɛtɔ, heparin, mogya mu nhwehwɛmu, nneɛma a ɛma mogya tu