So wususuw nso sɛ wowɔ aduan ho akisikuru? Afei momma yɛnhwehwɛ saa (Food Challenge Test) yi ho asɛm!

Nnipa pii hu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ yafunu a ɛyɛ yaw, honam ani akisikuru, ne ahome a ɛyɛ den bere a wodi nnuan bi no, ɛnte saa? Ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛyɛ den sɛ wubehu sɛ ɛyɛ akisikuru ankasa anaa biribi foforo. Wɔ mmere te sɛ eyinom mu no, sɔhwɛ titiriw bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aboa wo ma woahu pɛpɛɛpɛ na woahu sɛ ebia wo ho yɛ wo hyew wɔ aduan pɔtee bi ho ankasa anaasɛ ɛnte saa. Ɛnnɛ, yɛrebɛka nea wɔfrɛ no ``Food Challenge Test'', anaasɛ aduane asɛnnennen sɔhwɛ no ho asɛm.

Dɛn ne saa ``Aduan mu Nsɛnnennen Sɔhwɛ'' yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi ne ɔkwan a wotumi de ho to so sen biara a wɔfa so hu sɛ ebia obi ho yɛ no hyew wɔ aduan pɔtee bi ho anaa . Fa no sɛ wote biribi a ɛyɛ nwonwa nka bere a wudi atoko. Afei sɔhwɛ yi betumi ahu sɛ ebia wo ho yɛ wo hyew wɔ atoko ho ankasa, anaasɛ ɛyɛ w’adwene mu nsusuwii ara kwa. Afei nso, nnipa binom nyin sen akisikuru a na wɔwɔ bere a na wɔyɛ mmofra bere a na wɔanyinyin no. Saa sɔhwɛ yi nso betumi ahu sɛ ebia akisikuru no afi hɔ anaasɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ so kwati saa aduan no .

Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wode aduan a wususuw sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew no bɛba nkakrankakra wɔ dodow a ɛkɔ soro mu, wɔ wo duruyɛfo anaa oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ wo ho so koraa ase .

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ woremmɔ mmɔden da sɛ w’ankasa wobɛyɛ sɔhwɛ yi wɔ fie, efisɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a, akisikuru a emu yɛ den betumi aba.

Sɛnea sɔhwɛ yi taa yɛ adwuma ni:

• Nea edi kan no, oduruyɛfo no bɛma wo aduan a wususuw sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo den no kakraa bi pɛ . Ɛtɔ da bi a wɔde eyi bɛma wo wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ capsule so.
• Afei oduruyɛfo no bɛhwɛ wo yiye sɛ ebia sɛnkyerɛnne biara a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew anaa.
• Sɛ biribiara nni hɔ wɔ bɛyɛ simma 15 akyi a, ma aduan a wosusuw sɛ ɛyɛ no kakraa bi bio.
• Wɔ saa kwan yi so no, wɔsan yɛ saa anammɔn yi kosi sɛ obi ho bɛtɔ no anaasɛ wɔde dodow a wɔakyerɛw ama no nyinaa (a wɔtaa kyekyɛ mu anan anaa asia) bɛma.
• Sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara a, wobegyae nhwehwɛmu no ntɛm ara na oduruyɛfo no bɛkyerɛ sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew wɔ saa aduan no ho.
• Sɛ biribiara ntumi nyɛ hwee bere a wode dodow no nyinaa ama akyi mpo a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo hyew wɔ saa aduan no ho.
• Mpɛn pii no, wɔsɔ aduan biako pɛ hwɛ wɔ saa kwan yi so wɔ bere koro mu .

Wobu eyi sɛ "sika kɔkɔɔ gyinapɛn" a wɔde hu aduan ho akisikuru.

Dɛn nti na wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ yi? Bere bɛn na ɛho hia?

Mpɛn pii no, ade a edi kan a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ de hu aduan a obi ho yɛ no yaw ne sɛ wɔbɛyɛ honam ani nhwehwɛmu anaasɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew. Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebia sɔhwɛ ahorow yi nyɛ nea ɛyɛ nokware.. Ɛno na saa `(Food Challenge Test)` yi ba Nanso kae sɛ, nhwehwɛmu afoforo (honam ani ne mogya mu nhwehwɛmu) nso yɛ nea wotumi de ho to so na mfaso wɔ so kɛse ma nnuruyɛfo.

Nnipa pii yɛ saa sɔhwɛ yi de hwɛ sɛ wɔwɔ ``IgE-mediated'' aduan ho akisikuru anaa. ``IgE-mediated'' yɛ allergic reaction a ``IgE'' antibodies a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu na ɛde ba. Wɔ akisikuru a ɛte saa mu no, mpɛn pii no, adeyɛ bi ba bere a wɔadi aduan no akyi pɛɛ.

Ɔkwan bɛn so ankasa na woyɛ saa `(Food Challenge Test)` yi?

Nnuruyɛfo fa akwan horow so yɛ nhwehwɛmu yi. Akwan no nyinaa hwehwɛ sɛ wɔma aduan a wosusuw sɛ wɔde ma no dodow kɔ soro nkakrankakra wɔ aduruyɛfo hwɛ ase.

Dɛn na ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no?

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔma nea wosusuw sɛ ɔyɛ no aduan sɛnea ɛte. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ woreyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahwɛ sɛ wowɔ atoko ho akisikuru a, wubetumi ama atoko kakraa bi. Mmere foforo nso, wɔde aduan no fra biribi foforo, te sɛ peanut butter a wɔde apete kukisi so. Ɛtɔ da bi a, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛyɛ den sɛ wobehu aduan no, wɔde gu aduru bi mu na wɔmene te sɛ aduru.

Wɔde akwan a wɔfa so siesie aduan yi di dwuma de tew hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ onipa no behu aduan no denam nea obehu anaa ne hua so , a ebetumi aka nea ebefi mu aba no so.

Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ fa w’ankasa aduan mmra nhwehwɛmu no mu. Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo nso sɛ yɛ aduannoa ho nyansahyɛ titiriw bi a aduan a wosusuw sɛ ɛyɛ aduan no wom. Sɛ wudi aduan no wie, anaasɛ womene capsule no wie a, wɔbɛhwɛ wo yiye sɛ ebia wobɛyɛ w’ade biara anaa.

Henanom na wontumi mfa wɔn ho nhyɛ sɔhwɛ yi mu?

Wɔmma nnipa a wɔanya akisikuru a emu yɛ den bere bi a atwam no kwan sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi. Nanso, wɔda so ara tumi yɛ nhwehwɛmu yi de hwɛ sɛ ebia onipa no nnyaa akisikuru bio anaa. Kae sɛ nnipa dodow no ara sɔ aduan biako pɛ hwɛ bere koro mu.

`(Oral Food Challenge)` ahorow bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ?

``Oral Food Challenge'' sɔhwɛ ahorow abiɛsa na ɛwɔ hɔ. Wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi nyinaa wɔ ayaresabea anaa aduruyɛbea.

1. `(Anifuraefo abien, a wɔde placebo di dwuma)` sɔhwɛ

Wɔ saa kwan yi so no, wo anaa wo duruyɛfoɔ nnim capsule anaa aduane a ɛwɔ allergen a wɔsusu sɛ ɛwɔ mu, ne deɛ ɛwɔ ``Placebo`` (ade a ɛnyɛ asiane a enni allergen). Wɔde saa allergen yi ne ``Placebo`` no ma nnɔnhwerew kakraa biara, anaa nna kakraa biara.

Mfaso a ɛwɔ eyi so ne sɛ, ɛnyɛ den koraa sɛ onipa no suro anaa oduruyɛfo no nsusuwii a odi kan susuw ho no nnya nea efi sɔhwɛ no mu ba no so nkɛntɛnso. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, woyi abɔnten nkɛntɛnso nyinaa fi hɔ . Ɛwom sɛ eyi ne ɔkwan pa a wɔfa so yɛ ``Aduan mu Nsɛnnennen Sɔhwɛ'' de, nanso wɔntaa mfa nni dwuma wɔ ayaresabea na wɔde di dwuma kɛse de yɛ nhwehwɛmu.

2. `(Obiako-anifuraefo)` sɔhwɛ

Wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu no, wo duruyɛfo nkutoo na onim.Aduan anaa capsule bɛn na ɛwɔ allergen, ne nea ɛwɔ ``Placebo''. Wɔde eyi nso ma nnɔnhwerew anaa nna kakraa biara.

3. `(Aduan a wɔabue)` sɔhwɛ

Wɔ eyi mu no, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nyinaa nim allergen a wɔde rema wo. Mpɛn pii no, oduruyɛfo no kyekyɛ aduan dodow no mu afã horow na ɔde ma wo wɔ dodow a ɛkɔ soro nkakrankakra mu wɔ bɛyɛ dɔnhwerew biako mu. Saa bere yi mu no, wɔhwɛ wo so sɛ ebia wo ho yɛ wo hyew anaa. Eyi ne ɔkwan a wɔtaa fa so.

So ɛsɛ sɛ wudi kan siesie wo ho ma sɔhwɛ yi?

Yiw, koraa. Wo duruyɛfo bɛma wo akwankyerɛ ahorow bi ansa na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu no na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ nea efi mu ba no yɛ nea wotumi de ho to so. Ebia nneɛma te sɛ:

• Kwati sɛ wubedi nnuan a wunim sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew bɛyɛ adapɛn abien ansa na wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu no.
• Gyae nnuru biara a wɔakyerɛw ama obi anaa nea wɔtɔn a wɔde kum histamine (nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru) ansa na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu .
• Kwati sɛ wubedi anaa wobɛnom biribiara nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ no.

Nea ɛho hia yiye: Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa akisikuru biara a wowɔ ne nnuru biara a wonom ho asɛm. Mma ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛnom aduru a wɔde home ama ayamtu anaasɛ epinephrine a wobɛnom wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu esiane sɛ woayɛ nhwehwɛmu kɛkɛ nti. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo nnuru a ɛsɛ sɛ wonom, bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wonom, ne ɔkwan a wobɛfa so .

Afei nso, sɛ wunya sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ atiridii anaa atiridiinini anɔpa a woreyɛ nhwehwɛmu no a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ mfa nhwehwɛmu no nkɔ akyiri.

Dɛn na wubetumi ahwɛ kwan wɔ sɔhwɛ no mu?

Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu anaa ehu kakra nka wɔ sɔhwɛ yi ho. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, ɛyɛ sɔhwɛ a ahobammɔ wom . Wo duruyɛfo bɛhwɛ wo nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛho hia no so wɔ nhwehwɛmu no nyinaa mu.

Wo duruyɛfo bɛma wo aduan a wususuw sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew no kakraa bi na wahwɛ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobɛyɛ no. Sɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara nni hɔ a, wɔbɛma no dodow a ɛto so abien. Wɔbɛhwɛ wo yiye wɔ dose biara akyi.

Sɛ woda wo ho adi sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew a, sɔhwɛ no aba awiei. Oduruyɛfo no bɛma wo nnuru a ɛbɛboa wo wɔ wo akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ho.

Bere tenten ahe na sɔhwɛ no gye?

Ɛmfa ho sɛnea wobɛyɛ w’ade no, sɔhwɛ no betumi agye bɛyɛ nnɔnhwerew abiɛsa kosi anan ansa na wɔawie . Nnuruyɛfo dodow no ara ma wo aduru a ɛma wo ho yɛ wo hyew no kakraa bi simma 15 biara. Sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew wɔ sɔhwɛ no mfiase a, wobegyae nhwehwɛmu no. Nanso, wɔbɛhwɛ wo so bɛyɛ nnɔnhwerew abien wɔ ɛno akyi. Saa bere yi betumi akyɛ, a egyina sɛnea wobɛyɛ w’ade so. Sɛ wo nsa ka dodow a wɔde ma no nyinaa na woannyɛ hwee mpo a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛhwɛ wo bɛyɛ nnɔnhwerew abien wɔ ɛno akyi.

Dɛn na ɛba wɔ sɔhwɛ no akyi?

Sɛ wo duruyɛfo si so dua sɛ wowɔ allergy a, obetu wo fo wɔ sɛnea wobɛkwati saa aduan no ho. Wɔbɛkyerɛw nnuru nso, te sɛ epinephrine auto-injector (te sɛ EpiPen®). Sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo den wɔ saa aduan no ho a, wubetumi asan de saa aduan no aka w’aduan a wodi daa no ho. Mpɛn pii no, bere a woadi nkonim wɔ aduan ho asɛnnennen sɔhwɛ mu akyi no, ɛnyɛ den koraa sɛ wobɛyɛ w’ade wɔ saa aduan no ho bio.

So eyi ``Oral Food Challenge'' yi yɛ nea asiane biara nni ho?

Asiane ahorow bi wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu. Ɛno nti na wɔyɛ no wɔ oduruyɛfo hwɛ ase, wɔ wɔn adwumayɛbea anaa ayaresabea. Nnipa dodow no ara nya nneyɛe nketenkete te sɛ honam ani akisikuru ne ɛyaw. Wo duruyɛfo betumi akyerɛw nnuru ama wo na aboa ma saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi afi hɔ.

Nneɛma a emu yɛ den ntaa mma , nanso sɛ ɛba a, wo duruyɛfo no bɛyɛ krado sɛ ɔbɛma wo ayaresa a wuhia. Asiane a anibere wom a ɛwɔ Aduan a Wɔnom mu Asɛnnennen mu betumi ayɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome anaasɛ anaphylaxis (akisikuru a emu yɛ den a ebetumi de nkwa ato asiane mu) .

Mfaso bɛn na ɛwɔ sɔhwɛ yi so?

Mfaso a ɛwɔ sɔhwɛ yi so ne sɛ ɛma wutumi trɛw nnuan ahorow a wubetumi adi mu na ɛma wuhu yiye sɛ ebia aduan pɔtee bi de akisikuru ba ankasa anaa. Sɛ wunim sɛ ebia wowɔ akisikuru a, ebetumi aboa wo ma woasiw akisikuru ano daakye.

Dɛn na sɔhwɛ no mu aba ka?

Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wɔtaa hu nea efi Anom Aduan Ho Nsɛnnennen Sɔhwɛ mu ba ntɛm ara . Nnuruyɛfo taa kyekyɛ nea efi mu ba no mu sɛ "Tolerated" anaa "Reacted."

• `Tolerated`: Wei kyerε sε na woannya allergy biara wɔ aduane no ho, enti aduane no yɛ nea asiane biara nni ho sɛ wobɛdi.
• `Reacted`: Wei kyerɛ sɛ allergic reaction sii wɔ sɔhwɛ no mu.

Ɛtɔ da bi a wobɛtumi anya ``Inconclusive result.'' Sɛ ɛba saa a, wo duruyɛfoɔ bɛtumi akamfo akyerɛ sɛ kwati saa aduane no na ama woanya ɔfã a ahotɔ wɔ.

Momma yɛnsua ``Food Sensitivity Test'' a wobetumi ayɛ wɔ fie nso ho ade.

Sɔhwɛ ahorow abien na ɛwɔ hɔ: aduan ho nsɛnnennen sɔhwɛ a wo duruyɛfo yɛ ne aduan ho nkate ho sɔhwɛ a wubetumi ayɛ wɔ fie. Saa nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ fie a wɔtɔn wɔ gua so yi mu dodow no ara , Food & Drug Administration (FDA) mpene so na enni mfaso biara wɔ ayaresabea. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi a wubetumi atɔ wɔ Intanɛt so anaa nnurutɔnbea no nyɛ nea wɔde besi nea oduruyɛfo bi ahu sɛ obi anya yare no ananmu.

``Gold Standard`` a wɔde hwehwɛ aduane mu akisikuru ne ``Oral Food Challenge Test``. Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wohyɛ da di aduan bi a wususuw sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo den.Ebetumi ayɛ hu sɛ wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wudi. Nanso kae sɛ wo duruyɛfo bɛka wo ho wɔ oprehyɛn no nyinaa mu. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa ehu anaa dadwen biara a ebia wowɔ ho. Nsuro sɛ wubebisa nsɛm, te sɛ nea ɛba wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae

Enti, saa `(Food Challenge Test)` yi yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia yiye na wotumi de ho to so a ebetumi akyerɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ sɛ ebia wowɔ aduan ho akisikuru anaasɛ ɛnte saa. Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ eyi wɔ nnuruyɛfo hwɛ ase, wɔ beae a nnuruyɛbea ahorow a ɛfata wɔ. Eyi bɛboa wo ma woadi nnuan bi ho suro so na woayɛ nsakrae wɔ w’aduan mu. Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wuhu nhwehwɛmu a ɛte saa nso a, mma wo werɛ mmfi sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa.

` Aduan ho akisikuru, aduan mu asɛnnennen sɔhwɛ, akisikuru sɔhwɛ, aduan ho akisikuru, IgE akisikuru, aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu, akwahosan ho afotu