So wo nso wotaa fefe? So w’ani yɛ kɔkɔɔ na ɛyɛ wo yaw? So wunya akisikuru bere a woadi nnuan bi akyi? Anaasɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome bere a wode wo nsa aka mfutuma awie no? Sɛ saa nneɛma yi taa to wo a, ebia nea enti a ɛte saa no nyɛ atiridii kɛkɛ. Eyi yɛ allergy, anaasɛ sɛnea yɛka wɔ Borɔfo kasa mu no, ‘ allergy ’. Enti momma yɛnhwɛ eyi so nnɛ.
Dɛn ankasa ne allergy?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, allergy yɛ bere a yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ ade boro so wɔ biribi a asiane biara nni ho ankasa ho. Susuw yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ho sɛ asraafo dɔm a wɔbɔ ɔman bi ho ban. Asraafo yi adwuma ne sɛ wɔbɛko atia mmoawa a wopira (mmoawa, mmoawa) a wɔhyɛn nipadua no mu na wɔbɔ yɛn ho ban fi nyarewa ho.
Nanso nnipa binom asraafo dɔm yɛ nnam dodo kakra. Wɔn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no hu nneɛma a mpɛn pii no ɛnpira yɛn mpo (sɛ nhwɛso no, pollen, mfutuma, nnuan bi) sɛ ɛyɛ ɔtamfo kɛse. Sɛ ehu eyi a, nhyehyɛe no yi nnuru pii te sɛ histamine gu mogya no mu de ko tia saa "ɔtamfo" no. Ɛyɛ nnuru yi nti na yenya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no, te sɛ ɛyaw, ahurututu, honam ani kɔkɔɔ, ne ahome a ɛyɛ den.
Nneɛma a Ɛtaa Yɛ Allergens
Yɛfrɛ nneɛma a ɛkanyan yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no wɔ saa kwan yi so no " allergens ." Ɔde ne nsa kyerɛɛ ne so. Ebia eyinom mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa bɛka wo.
| Nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw no su | Nhwɛso ahorow |
|---|---|
| Nneɛma a ɛnam mframa mu ba | Pollen, mfutuma mu nwansena, afieboa dander, nsunsu |
| Nnuan bi | Nnuadewa te sɛ atoko ne akutu, ɛpo mu nnuan te sɛ shrimp ne krak, nkesua, nufusu ne nufusu mu nneɛma |
| Nkoekoemmoa a wɔka wɔn | Nkoekoemmoa a wɔwe te sɛ ntɛtea ne ntɛtea |
| Nnuru bi | Nnuru bi a ekum ɔyare mmoawa, te sɛ penicillin, ne nnuru a wɔde kum ɛyaw |
| Nneɛma afoforo | Latex (a ɛwɔ nsateaa ahorow bi mu) . |
Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya akisikuru?
Nsɛnkyerɛnne no betumi ayɛ soronko a egyina nea wo ho yɛ wo hyew ne sɛnea ɛhyɛn nipadua no mu so.
Sɛ ɛba sɛ obi a ne ho nyɛ den kakra a
Nnipa pii hu sɛnkyerɛnne nketenkete te sɛ eyinom.
- Aniwa a ɛyɛ no yaw na nsu a ɛtɔ
- Fefe a ɛkɔ so
- Hwene a ɛyɛ wo yaw na ɛho ahonhon (Allergic Rhinitis) .
- Ɔbrɛ a wɔte nka sɛ onni nkwa
- Wora a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ na ɛyɛ wo yaw (Hives/Rashes) .
Sɛ ɛba sɛ aduan ho akisikuru a
- Nkate a ɛyɛ mmerɛw wɔ ano no mu
- Anofafa , tɛkrɛma, anim, anaa menewa a ɛho ahonhon
- Wora a ɛsɛe
- Yafunu mu yaw, ɔfe, anaa akisikuru
Nkoekoemmoa Sting Allergy
- Kɔkɔɔ , ɛho ahonhon, ne ɛyaw wɔ baabi a wɔaka no
- Ɛyɛ akisikuru anaasɛ ɛyɛ akisikuru wɔ nipadua no nyinaa so
- Koko a ɛyɛ den anaasɛ ɔfe
- Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den
Nea ɛho hia yiye: Nneɛma bi a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew betumi ayɛ kɛse. Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edidi so yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a, kɔ ayaresabea dwumadibea a ɛbɛn wo a wɔhwɛ ntɛmpɛ so (ETU) ntɛm ara.
- Yafunu mu yaw a emu yɛ den
- Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome anaasɛ wobɛmene
- Koko a ɛyɛ den anaasɛ ɛyaw
- Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa anaasɛ ɔte nka sɛ woatɔ piti
- Anim, aniwa, anaa tɛkrɛma a ɛho ahonhon kɛse
Anaphylaxis - Tebea a emu yɛ den na ɛde nkwa to asiane mu sen biara!
Anaphylaxis ne ade a emu yɛ den na asiane wom sen biara a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛkɔ so ntɛmntɛm wɔ nipadua no nyinaa mu a ebetumi ama nipadua no nhyehyɛe ahorow adi nkogu prɛko pɛ, enti ayaresa wɔ simma kakraa bi mu ho hia.
Nsɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya anaphylaxis ne:
- Akuru a ɛwɔ nipadua no nyinaa so ne ɛyaw a emu yɛ den
- Ahomegye anaa ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa
- Hoarseness anaasɛ te nka sɛ ne menewa mu ayɛ den
- Anim, aniwa, ano, tɛkrɛma, anaa menewa a ɛho ahonhon
- Nsa, nan, ano, anaa ti nhwi a ɛyɛ mmerɛw
Sɛ wo anaa obi a wunim no nya saa nsɛnkyerɛnne yi a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase na fa no kɔ ayaresabea dan a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ yare a egye ntɛmpɛ (ETU) ntɛm ara. Nnipa binom a wɔn ho yɛ wɔn hyew kɛse no kura auto-injector a adrenaline (epinephrine) wom . Sɛ eyi te saa a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde aduru a wɔde twitwiw nipadua no ma ntɛm ara.
Mɛyɛ dɛn ahu no yiye sɛ mewɔ akisikuru bi?
Sɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ allergy a, ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so ahu ne sɛ wobɛkɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn. Obebisa wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho asɛm, na sɛ ɛho hia a, ɔde wo bɛkɔ akɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi ho yɛ no hyew.
| Sɔhwɛ no din | Sɛnea wɔyɛ |
|---|---|
| Skin-prick sɔhwɛ | Wɔde nea wosusuw sɛ ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew no bi gu honam ani na wɔde ade ketewaa bi twitwiw no kakra. Sɛ beae no yɛ kɔkɔɔ na ɛho ahonhon wɔ simma 15 ntam a, na wo ho nyɛ wo den wɔ saa ade no ho. |
| Intradermal honam ani nhwehwɛmu | Wɔde aduru a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw no kakraa bi pɛ gu honam ani fã a ɛwɔ akyi no mu. Wohu sɛnea wɔyɛ wɔn ade wɔ ho. |
| Patch sɔhwɛ | Wɔyɛ eyi de hu sɛ obi anya honam ani yare a ɛne ne ho di nkitaho. Wɔde aduru bi a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew no gu honam ani bɛyɛ nnafua 2 na afei wɔhwɛ sɛnea ɛyɛ adwuma no. |
| Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu | Wɔfa mogya na wɔsɔ nipadua mu nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa a wɔfrɛ no Immunoglobulin E (IgE) dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ tebea horow a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew mu hwɛ. |
Nea ɛho hia: Sɛ worekɔyɛ allergy nhwehwɛmu a, ɛsɛ sɛ wugyae allergy aduru biara (e.g. Piriton) nom nnafua 3-7 ansa na. Sɛ ɛnte saa a, ebia nea efi sɔhwɛ no mu ba no nyɛ nokware. Wo duruyɛfo betu wo fo wɔ eyi ho.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobedi akisikuru so?
Ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a wɔbɛfa so asa akisikuru koraa de besi nnɛ. Nanso yebetumi adi sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so na yɛabɔ yɛn bra sɛnea ɛsɛ. Akwan titiriw 3 na ɛwɔ hɔ a wobɛfa so ayɛ saa.
1. Kwati nneɛma a ɛma wo ho yɛ wo hyew: Eyi ne ade a eye sen biara a wubetumi ayɛ. Sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo hyew wɔ mfutuma ho a, ma wo fie nyɛ mfutuma. Sɛ aduan pɔtee bi ho yɛ wo hyew a, kwati koraa.
2. Nnuru a wɔnom: Wobetumi de nnuru a ekum akisikuru, nnuru a wɔde petepete hwene mu, anaa nnuru a wɔde gu aniwa mu a oduruyɛfo akyerɛw ama obi no adi sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so.
3. Immunotherapy: Eyi yɛ ayaresa a ɛkyɛ. Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wode ade a wo ho yɛ wo hyew no kakraa bi pɛ bɛma wo nipadua, bere kɔ so no. Eyi boa wo nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no "ma ɛyɛ ne su". Bere kɔ so no, wo nipadua no rennyɛ n’ade wɔ ho kɛse. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ eyi wɔ oduruyɛfo titiriw bi hwɛ ase.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Allergy yɛ bere a yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ ade boro so wɔ biribi a asiane biara nni ho ho.
- Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wuhu nea wo ho yɛ wo hyew ankasa. Ɛno nti, hwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu.
- Nsɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den te sɛ ahome a ɛyɛ den, anim anaa menewa a ɛho ahonhon yɛ aduruyɛ mu ntɛmpɛ (Anaphylaxis) . Wɔ tebea horow a ɛtete saa mu no, kɔ ETU ntɛm ara.
- Mfa nnuru biara a wote nka sɛ wopɛ nni dwuma a wonkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.
- Sɛ wohwɛ so yiye a, wubetumi atra ase a ahoɔden wom na ahotɔ wom bere a wo ho yɛ wo hyew mpo.
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