Sɛ wudi nnuan bi, wote nhwiren hua, anaa wode wo nsa ka mfutuma a, wunya akisikuru? So wokɔ so fefe? So w’ani yɛ kɔkɔɔ na ɛyɛ wo yaw? Sɛ nneɛma a ɛte sɛɛ si a, yesusuw kɛkɛ sɛ, "Mewɔ allergy." Enti, saa mogya mu akisikuru nhwehwɛmu yi yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia yiye a ɛbɛma woahu sɛ ebia wowɔ akisikuru ankasa anaa, na sɛ ɛte saa a, nea ɛyɛ ma. Momma yɛmfa nsɛm a ɛnyɛ den nka eyi ho asɛm nnɛ.
Dɛn ne mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya akisikuru?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ akisikuru ho no susuw nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa a wɔfrɛ no Immunoglobulin E (IgE) dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu. Susuw yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ho sɛ asraafo a wɔrebɔ ɔman bi ho ban. Sɛ ɔyare mmoawa (ɔtamfo) bi a epira hyɛn nipadua no mu a, saa asraafo dɔm yi bɔ asraafo soronko (antibody) ma wɔnko tia.
Nanso, ɛtɔ da bi a yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no di mfomso ketewaa bi. Nea ɛba ne sɛ esusuw sɛ nneɛma a ɛnyɛ asiane biara mma nipadua no ankasa mpo, te sɛ mfutuma, pollen, ne nnuan bi, yɛ ɔtamfo kɛse na ɛma asraafo a wɔfrɛ wɔn (IgE) yi dodow bi ko tia wɔn. Saa adeyɛ a wɔmpɛ yi ne nea yɛfrɛ no allergy . Enti, mogya mu nhwehwɛmu hwɛ sɛ ebia nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa a wɔfrɛ no (IgE) yi boro nea ɛfata so wɔ wo mogya mu anaa.
Nneɛma bɛn na ɛtaa ba a yɛn ho yɛ yɛn yaw?
Nneɛma dodow bi a enni ano betumi aba a ɛde akisikuru (allergens) ba. Nanso nneɛma kakraa bi a nnipa dodow no ara ho yɛ no den ni:
- Nnuan: Nneɛma te sɛ atoko, nufusu, nkesua, mpataa, mpataa, krak.
- Ofie mfutuma: Nwansena nketenkete (mfutuma ntontom) a wohu wɔ mfutuma mu.
- Latex: Wohu wɔ nneɛma te sɛ rɔba nsateaa ne sɔks mu.
- Nkoekoemmoa a wɔka wɔn: Nkoekoemmoa a wɔwe wɔn te sɛ ntɛtea ne ntɛtea.
- Nkuku: Nkuku ahorow a enyin wɔ mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ nwini.
- Afieboa: Aboa nhoma, nnompe, ne nsu a efi mmoa te sɛ akraman ne mpataa mu.
- Pollen: Nhwiren a ɛsensɛn mframa mu no ntini.
- Nnuru bi: Sɛ nhwɛso no, nnuru te sɛ penicillin .
So mogya mu nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew?
Yiw, ahorow atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ. Ɛho hia paa sɛ yɛte nsonsonoe pɔtee a ɛda abien no ntam no ase.
| Sɔhwɛ no su | Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a... |
|---|---|
| Total IgE Sɔhwɛ | Eyi susuw (IgE) antibodies dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu nyinaa . Nanso, eyi ntumi nkyerɛ wo nea wo ho yɛ wo hyew ankasa . Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ wowɔ allergy mpo a, bo a ɛsom no betumi ayɛ nea ɛfata. |
| IgE Sɔhwɛ pɔtee bi | Eyi ne ɔkwan a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ na wɔde di dwuma kɛse sen biara. Ɛsusu IgE antibodies dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu a ɛyɛ ade pɔtee a wususuw sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew (e.g., atoko, mfutuma mu nwansena). |
Bere bɛn na ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew?
Tebea ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi, titiriw sɛ wowɔ tebea horow a edidi so yi mu biara a:
- Allergic rhinitis / hay fever: Eyi te sɛ atiridii a ɛrenkɔ. Wɔfefe bere nyinaa, hwene mu nsu, ne hwene a ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Mpɛn pii no, nneɛma a ɛwɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia te sɛ pollen, mfutuma, ne mmoa dander na ɛde eyi ba.
- Anaphylaxis: Eyi yɛ akisikuru a emu yɛ den yiye a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu. Ebetumi afi nnuan bi (te sɛ atoko) anaa nkoekoemmoa a wɔwe wɔn. Ebetumi ama ayɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome, ne ho ahonhon, na mpo ne ho atɔ no.
Afei nso, sɛ wotaa hu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edidi so yi a, nhwehwɛmu yi betumi aboa ma woahu sɛ ebia nea ɛde ba no yɛ akisikuru anaa.
| So wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi nso? |
|---|
| - a ewo hives |
| - a eye yaw, ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ, anaase nsuo |
| - a ewo ahome tiaa |
| - a ewo honam ani akisikuru ahorow |
| - a wotaa fefe |
| - a ɛyɛ yaw anaasɛ ɛyɛ yaw wɔ menewam |
| - a ewo anom, ewo a ewo, anaase ne hwene mu nsuo |
| - anofafa, tɛkrɛma, aniwa, anaa anim a ɛho ahonhon |
| - koko mu den anaase tebea te se ayamtu (Allergic asthma) . |
So biribi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ misiesie ansa na wɔayɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi?
Mmuae tiawa ne sɛ, ‘ Dabi ’ Ɛho nhia sɛ woyɛ anaa wokwati biribi titiriw biara ansa na woayɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi. Ɛho nhia sɛ wugyae adidi anaa anonne anaa nnuru biara a wobɛnom. Nanso, di akwankyerɛ titiriw biara a wo duruyɛfo de bɛma wo nkutoo akyi.
Dɛn na sɔhwɛ ho amanneɛbɔ no ka?
Obiara wɔ (IgE) dodow bi wɔ ne mogya mu. Ɛno yɛ ade a ɛfata. Sɛ ɛkɔ soro (IgE) wɔ amanneɛbɔ no mu a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebia wowɔ akisikuru. Nanso biribi wɔ hɔ a ɛho hia sɛ yɛte ase wɔ ha.
Mpɛn pii no, mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi ntumi nhu sɛnea wo akisikuru no mu yɛ den . Ɛne sɛ, esiane sɛ wo IgE dodow dɔɔso yiye nti, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wo nneyɛe no bɛyɛ kɛse saa ara.
Enti, sɛ wo nsa ka amanneɛbɔ no wie a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa na ama woate ase yiye. Sɛ asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya anaphylaxis, akisikuru a emu yɛ den a, ebia wo duruyɛfo nso bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ bere nyinaa fa epinephrine a wɔde twitwiw wo ho sɛ biribi si ntɛm a.
So nea efi sɔhwɛ yi mu ba no betumi ayɛ nea ɛyɛ atoro?
Yiw, ebetumi aba. Nokwarem no, nhwehwɛmu ahorow ada no adi sɛ 50% - 60% wɔ allergy mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ‘ɛyɛ papa’ anaa ‘allergy’ no mfi allergy bi ankasa. Wɔfrɛ eyi sɛ ‘Atoro-Asɛm’ a efi mu ba.
Eyi kyerɛ sɛ sɛ wo mogya mu (IgE) dodow dɔɔso mpo a, ebia worennya saa ade pɔtee no ho adwenemhaw ankasa (e.g. nufusu). Eyi nti na oduruyɛfo nnyina mogya mu nhwehwɛmu amanneɛbɔ no nkutoo so nsi gyinae no. Ɔbɛka wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow, nsɛm a wode bɛma, ne amanneɛbɔ no abom na ama wɔahu yare no pɛpɛɛpɛ.
Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛwɔ mogya mu akisikuru mu nhwehwɛmu ne honam ani yare ho nhwehwɛmu ntam?
Eyinom ne akwan atitiriw abien a wɔfa so sɔ nneɛma hwɛ de hu obi a ne ho yɛ no hyew. Nsonsonoe kakra wɔ abien no ntam.
| Su | Mogya mu Nhwehwɛmu | Wora Ho Nhwehwɛmu |
|---|---|---|
| Ahoɔhare a efi mu ba | Ebia ebegye nna pii. | Wubetumi ahu nea afi mu aba wɔ simma kakraa bi mu. |
| Pɛpɛɛpɛyɛ | Ebia ne bo nyɛ den kakra sen honam ani nhwehwɛmu. | Mpɛn pii no ɛma nea efi mu ba a edi mu kɛse. |
| Hena na ɔfata paa? | Ɛfata yiye ma nnipa a wɔn honam ani yɛ wɔn yaw, wɔn a wontumi nnyae nnuru bi a wɔde sa akisikuru (aduru a ɛko tia akisikuru), ne mmofra nkumaa. | Bere a ɛfata nnipa dodow no ara no, ebia ɛnyɛ nea ɛfata mma wɔn a wɔn honam ani yɛ wɔn yaw anaasɛ wɔanya abakɔsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔn ho yɛ wɔn yaw kɛse no. |
Wo duruyɛfo na obesi nhwehwɛmu a ɛfata wo kɛse ho gyinae.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ allergy mu no kyerɛ sɛnea nipadua no mu nkwammoaa titiriw bi a wɔfrɛ no IgE wɔ wo mogya mu. Eyi boa ma wohu tebea bi a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew.
- Nhwehwɛmu no mu aba a ɛyɛ papa nkutoo nkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ akisikuru. Wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne w’aduruyɛ ho abakɔsɛm ho hia saa ara.
- Mpɛn pii no, nhwehwɛmu yi ntumi nhu sɛnea wo akisikuru no mu yɛ den.
- Bere nyinaa wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa nea efii nhwehwɛmu no mu bae ne anammɔn foforo biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wotu ho asɛm. Kwati sɛ w’ankasa wubesi gyinae.
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