Dɛn ne antifungal a ɛko tia? Momma yɛnka ho asɛm!

So woate pɛn sɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a aduru a wɔde ma fungal yare no nyɛ adwuma yiye sɛnea wopɛ? Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, aduru a ekum fungal a oduruyɛfo kyerɛw ma no no nyɛ adwuma. Ɛno ne nea yɛfrɛ no antifungal resistance . Eyi betumi ayɛ aniberesɛm kakra, enti momma yɛnka ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wubetumi ate ase so. Ɛnyɛ sɛ wo nipadua no reyɛ nea ɛko tia aduru no nti na eyi ba, na mmom esiane sɛ ntontom no ankasa ayɛ ne su sɛ ɔbɛko atia aduru no nti.

Dɛn ne nnuru a wɔde ko tia fungal?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, nnuru a ekum fungal yɛ nnuru a ɛboa ma wodi fungal nyarewa bi a ɛba yɛn nipadua mu no so anaasɛ eyi fi hɔ. Ebia woanya mmɔkaw mu yare, ogumadifo nan, jock itch, ne ringworm. Eyinom ne nea wɔde nnuru a ekum fungal yi di dwuma. Wobetumi aboa nso ma wɔadi fungal yare a emu yɛ den kɛse a ɛka mmeae te sɛ ahurututu, amemene, ne mogya no so.

Dɛn nti na nnuru a ɛko tia fungal yɛ ɔhaw a ɛte saa?

Eyi yɛ wiase nyinaa akwahosan ho haw a emu yɛ den . Susuw ho hwɛ, yɛwɔ nnuru a ekum fungal kakraa bi. Sɛ ntontom bi tumi ko tia aduru biako a, akwan afoforo a yebetumi afa so no sua. Ɛtɔ da bi a, ebia nnuru afoforo rentumi nyɛ adwuma saa, anaasɛ ebetumi de ɔhaw ahorow a emu yɛ den aba.

Eyi yɛ nkatanim asɛmfua kɛse ``Antimicrobial Resistance'' no fã biako. Ɛne sɛ, ɛnyɛ fungi nko, na mmom mmoawa, mmoawa, ne mmoawa a wɔsɛe nnɔbae nso betumi ayɛ nea nnuru a wɔayɛ sɛ wɔde bɛko atia wɔn. Wɔ ɔman te sɛ United States mpo mu no, wɔbɔ amanneɛ sɛ nnipa bɛyɛ ɔpepem abiɛsa nya nyarewa a ɛte saa a nnuru ntumi nsɛe no afe biara, na nnipa bɛboro 35,000 wuwu. Enti eyi nyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wobu no adewa.

Dɛn na ɛde eyi ba?

Nneɛma pii nti na fungi nya ahoɔden a ɛko tia nnuru a ekum fungi. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ:

• Nnuru a wɔde kum fungal a wɔmfa nni dwuma yiye: Eyi ne ade titiriw nti. Nneɛma te sɛ aduru no a wɔrennom nna dodow a oduruyɛfo no akyerɛw ama no na wɔagyae no fã, aduru no a wobehuruw, anaasɛ dodow a ɛba fam sen nea wɔakyerɛw ama no a wɔbɛnom no ma ntontom no nya hokwan sɛ ɔbɛko atia aduru no. Fa no sɛ, sɛ wowɔ honam ani ntontom na wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ nom nnuru nnafua 7 a, wugyae aduru no bere a wo ho atɔ wo wɔ bɛyɛ nnafua 3 mu akyi. Afei, fungi a enwui koraa no san ba nkwa mu na wɔyɛ nsakrae ma ɛko tia nnuru no. Bere foforo a wode saa aduru no bɛma wɔn no, ɛnyɛ hwee! Enti, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛfa dodow a wɔakyerɛw ama wo no wɔ bere a wɔakyerɛw ama wo no mu.

• Nnuru a wɔde kum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔde di dwuma:Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a yɛnom daa no kunkum mmoawa bɔne. Nanso, wokunkum mmoawa pa a wɔwɔ yɛn aduan mu no nso. Afei, mmɔkaw a ɛwɔ abɔde mu a wɔfrɛ no Candida no fi ase nyin a wontumi nni so. Eyi ma obi nya mmɔkaw a wɔfrɛ no candidiasis, a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔde nnuru a ekum fungal di dwuma. Sɛ wode nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ne nnuru a ekum fungal di dwuma mpɛn pii a, wowɔ asiane mu sɛ wubenya nnuru abien no nyinaa a ɛko tia.

• Nnuru a Ekum Nwansena a Wɔde Di Dwuma Wɔ Kuadwuma Mu: Akuafo de nnuru ahorow a ekum nwansena di dwuma de siw nsunsu nnyin wɔ nnɔbae so. Nnipa a wɔtaa nya saa nnuru yi no taa nya ɔyare mmoawa a efi fungi a ɛko tia saa nnuru a ekum fungi no mu. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ fungi a ɛwɔ saa tebea no mu no nya nnuru yi bere nyinaa na ɛyɛ nea ɛko tia.

• Abɔde mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia: Nwansena ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a wɔnyɛ wɔn ade da wɔ nnuru a ekum fungi ho. Wofi awosu mu tumi ko tia saa nnuru no.

• Nea ɛba ara kwa: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, mpofirim ara, ntontom bi tumi ko tia aduru bi a kan no na ɛyɛ adwuma yiye. Ebia ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye sɛ yebehu biribi pɔtee a enti ɛte saa.

• Nneɛma a ɛko tia a wɔde fa nnipa mu: Eyi nso ho hia yiye. Obi a ɔwɔ fungal yare a nnuru ntumi nnye no betumi de akɔma obi foforo. Afei, sɛ onipa a wanya ɔyare no foforo no mfaa saa antifungal no nni dwuma da mpo a, ɔyare mmoawa a wobenya no rentumi nyɛ saa aduru no ho dwuma.

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane mu kɛse?

Nnipa a wɔn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ mmerɛw no taa nya fungal yare a emu yɛ den na wonya nnuru a ekum fungal a wɔko tia. Eyinom bi ne:

• Nnipa a wɔwɔ AIDS
• Nnipa a wɔwɔ nyarewa a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa te sɛ lupus
• Ayarefo a wɔwɔ kokoram
• Nnipa a wɔayɛ wɔn akwaa foforo
• Nnipa a wɔde stem cell (nnompe mu ntini) ahyɛ wɔn ananmu

Esiane sɛ saa nkurɔfo yi ntumi nko ntia fungal yare mmoawa kɛse te sɛ onipa a ɔte ase nti, asiane kɛse wom sɛ wobenya fungi a nnuru ntumi wɔn.

Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a efi fungicide a wɔko tia mu ba?

Nwansena ahorow bi abɛyɛ nea nnuru a ekum fungi tumi ko tia no kɛse. Yɛfrɛ eyinom ‘superbugs’ . Sɛ wonom aduru no mpo a, saa fungi yi kɔ so dɔɔso na ɛde ɔyare mmoawa ba.

Yɛwɔ nnuru atitiriw abiɛsa a ekum fungal: azoles, echinocandins, ne polyenes. Ebia ntontom a nnuru kuw biako ntumi nyɛ adwuma wɔ mprempren ayaresa ahorow no mu biara ho.

Dɛn ne saa ‘superbugs’ yi?

Fungal yareɛ ahodoɔ pii wɔ hɔ a ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛsa na ɛhyɛ ‘super fungi’ kuw mu:

• Aspergillus fumigatus: Eyi yɛ nsunsu bi. Ɛde ahurututu mu yare a wɔfrɛ no aspergillosis ba. Nnipa bɛyɛ mpem ahanu na wonya saa ɔyare yi afe biara wɔ wiase nyinaa, titiriw denam nkwaboaa a efi saa nsunsu yi mu a wɔhome so. Saa ɔyare mmoawa yi reyɛ nea nnuru a ekum fungicide azole no tumi gyina ano kɛse.

• Candida: Saa mmɔkaw yi tra yɛn honam ani ne yɛn nipadua mu fi awosu mu. Nanso, sɛ Candida kɔ mogya mu a, ebetumi de ɔyare mmoawa a ɛde ne nkwa to asiane mu a wɔfrɛ no candidemia aba. Saa ɔyare mmoawa yi nso ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye wɔ azole nnuru ho.

• Candida glabrata: C. glabrata yɛ nwansena a ɛka nsuo a ɛkɔ nsuo mu. Ɛreyɛ ayɛ nea azole ne echinocandins nyinaa tumi ko tia, na ɛremma ayaresa a ahobammɔ wom a ayarefo betumi apaw no ano brɛ ase.

Dɛn ne `Candida auris`?

Candida auris (C. auris) yɛ ‘superbug’ a ɛyɛ foforo koraa na ɛyɛ hu a wodii kan huu no wɔ afe 2009. Atrɛw ntɛmntɛm wɔ wiase nyinaa na ɛde ɔhaw ahorow aba. Ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na nnuru a ekum fungal a wɔtaa de sa Candida yare no yɛ adwuma tia saa fungus yi. C. auris ahorow bi tumi ko tia nnuru pii . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ nnuru a ekum fungal a ɛwɔ hɔ mprempren no biara ntumi nni wɔn so.

Saa ntontom yi tumi hyɛn mogya mu na ɛka koma ne amemene no. Sɛ eyi ba a, wɔn a wɔanya ɔyare no mu bɛboro nkyem abiɛsa mu biako betumi awuwu. Saa ntontom yi trɛw ntɛmntɛm wɔ ayaresabea ne nkwakoraa ne mmerewa afie. Ebetumi anya bi denam obi a ɔwɔ ɔyare no a ɔne no bɛbɔ anaasɛ obi a ɔde ne nsa bɛka biribi a ntontom no wɔ so no so. Saa ntontom yi tumi tra nneɛma so adapɛn pii na ɛyɛ den yiye sɛ wobekum no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa nyarewa a ɛko tia fungal?

Sɛ nnuru a ekum fungal kuw biako ntumi nyɛ adwuma a, wo duruyɛfo bɛsɔ adesuakuw foforo ahwɛ. Nanso, sɛnea madi kan aka no, nnuru a ekum fungal a edi mu no sua. Sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi ntumi nyɛ nnuru a ekum fungal a, nnuruyɛfo betumi asɔ nnuru afoforo ahwɛ. Nanso, awerɛhosɛm ne sɛ, saa nnuru no betumi anya nkɛntɛnso bɔne a emu yɛ den kɛse .

So yebetumi asiw tebea yi ano?

Yiw, nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a yebetumi ayɛ! Ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so asiw nnuru a ekum fungal ano ne sɛ wobɛnom nnuru a ekum fungal sɛnea wo duruyɛfo akyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛkae sɛ wobɛnom w’aduru a, hyehyɛ nkaebɔ bi wɔ wo fon so. Sɛ wopa dodow bi a, frɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara na bisa nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ. Mpɛn pii no, eye sɛ wobɛnom dodow a edi hɔ no bere a woakae ara pɛ.

Kae sɛ nnuru a ekum fungi a wɔko tia no betumi aba esiane nneɛma ahorow nti. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebetumi asi mpofirim na wɔnhwɛ kwan. Anaasɛ, ebetumi afi nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔde di dwuma boro so, anaasɛ nnuru a wɔde kum fungi a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so. Nnipa a wɔn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ mmerɛw na wɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu. ‘Superbugs’ binom tumi ko tia ayaresa a wɔtaa de di dwuma. Enti, aduru no a wɔde bedi dwuma yiye no ne ɔkwan a ɛho hia sen biara a wɔfa so tew asiane yi so.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae

Enti, saa antifungal resistance yi a yɛkaa ho asɛm nnɛ, ɛne sɛ ``Antifungal Resistance'', yɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛn nyinaa hwɛ so. Ɛte sɛ nea ɔtamfo no de akode a yɛde di dwuma no ayɛ ne su.

• Di wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ: Fa aduru a wo duruyɛfo akyerɛw ama wo no, nna dodow pɔtee ne dodow pɔtee a wode bɛma. Ntew so, nnyɛ kɛse, anaa nnyae ne nom fã.
• Mfa nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa nni dwuma a ɛho nhia: Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa nyɛ adwuma yiye mma ɔyare mmoawa te sɛ atiridiinini. Mfa wɔn a wunni oduruyɛfo afotu.
• Hwɛ ahotew so: Titiriw wɔ ayaresabea, anaa bere a wo ne obi a ne nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ mmerɛw ho ahyia no, ahotew a wobɛhwɛ so no betumi abɔ wo ho ban afi nyarewa a ɛde ɔyare ba ho.
• Hwɛ yiye: Ɛho hia paa sɛ wubehu saa nneɛma yi na wokyerɛkyerɛ afoforo.

Mewɔ anidaso sɛ saa nsɛm yi bɛboa wo. Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa foforo bi a ɛfa eyi ho a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wubebisa oduruyɛfo. Kɔ so nya apɔwmuden!

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