So wo nso wohaw wo ho wɔ wo appendix no ho? Momma yɛnka kokoram a wɔntaa nhu yi ho asɛm (Appendix Cancer)!

Sɛ wote asɛmfua appendix cancer a, ebia ehu ka wo kakra, ɛnte saa? Nokwarem no, ɛyɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi koraa. Nanso ɛho hia sɛ wohwɛ so kakra. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea appendix kokoram yɛ, sɛnea ɛba, nea ɛkyerɛ, ne ayaresa ahorow.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, appendix cancer yɛ bere a nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ wo appendix mu no sesa na efi ase nyin ntɛmntɛm a wuntumi nni so. Wɔsan frɛ eyi kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu .

Afei ebia woresusuw nea ɛyɛ nkaebɔ no ho. Ɛyɛ wo aduan mu nhyehyɛe no fã . Sɛ yɛbɛka no pɛpɛɛpɛ a, ɛyɛ kotoku ketewaa bi a ɛte sɛ afiri a ɛwɔ wo yafunu nifa so, a ɛbɛn baabi a dwensɔtwaa ketewa ne dwensɔtwaa kɛse no ka bom no. Nyansahufo da so ara ntumi nhu nea appendix no yɛ ankasa. Ebinom susuw sɛ ɛboa yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no . Afoforo ka sɛ ɛyɛ vestigial organ bi kɛkɛ a ɛnsom yɛn yiye bio.

Dɛn ne appendix kokoram ahorow?

Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ kokoram ahorow a ebetumi aba wɔ appendix no mu. Nokwarem no, akisikuru ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aba wɔ akyi berɛmo no mu, a ɛnyɛ hu ne nea ɛyɛ hu nyinaa . Saa kokoram akisikuru yi na ɛyɛ hu sen biara efisɛ etumi nyin na ɛtrɛw kɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa. Nnuruyɛfo gyina nkwammoaa ko a kokoram no fi ase fi so kyekyɛ saa appendix kokoram ahorow yi mu. Nneɛma atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ:

• Adenocarcinoma a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu
• Ntini mu ntini mu akisikuru

Adenocarcinoma (Akisikuru a Ɛma Ntini Mu) .

Kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu dodow no ara yɛ adenocarcinoma su. Eyinom fi ase wɔ ntini a ɛkata yɛn akwaa no so no mu. Nneɛma nketewa afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a ɛte sɛɛ:

• Mucinous adenocarcinoma: Saa ɔkwan yi fi ase wɔ akyi berɛmo no mu. Wɔma ade bi a ɛyɛ den a wɔfrɛ no mucin , a ɛwɔ nsu a ɛyɛ nwini mu no fi mu. Ɛwom sɛ saa akisikuru yi tumi trɛw de, nanso mpɛn pii no ɛntrɛw nkɔ akyiri nsen yafunu no.
• Colonic-type (non mucinous) adenocarcinoma: Saa akisikuru yi nyin wɔ baabi a ɛbɛn akyi berɛmo no ase awiei. Wɔyɛ wɔn ade te sɛ kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu, na sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no di nsɛ yiye.
• Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma a ɛma obi nya kokoram:Eyi ho yɛ na koraa, nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi aba wɔ nkaebɔ no mu. Saa kokoram nkwammoaa yi yi mucin pii fi mu na ɛkora so. Wonya wɔn din fi nokwasɛm a ɛyɛ sɛ sɛ wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwɛ saa nkwammoaa yi te sɛ nkaa.
• Goblet cell adenocarcinoma: Eyi nso yɛ adenocarcinoma a ɛntaa nsi koraa. Ɛsan nso wɔ neuroendocrine tumors ho nneɛma bi.

Appendiceal Neuroendocrine Tumors (Akisikuru a Ɛma Kokoram) .

Ntini mu akisikuru nyin wɔ nkwammoaa soronko bi a wɔfrɛ no neuroendocrine nkwammoaa mu . Saa nkwammoaa yi nya nsɛnkyerɛnne fi yɛn ntini mu na ɛma hormone ahorow fi hɔ. Mpɛn pii no, saa akisikuru ahorow yi nyin nkakrankakra .

Kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu abu so dɛn?

Nokwarem no, appendix kokoram yɛ yare a ɛntaa nsi koraa . Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ United States no, yare no ba nnipa biako anaa baanu pɛ so wɔ ɔpepem biako mu afe biara. Ɛno nnu nnipa dodow no mu 1% koraa.

Dɛn ne kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Ɛtɔ da bi a, wubetumi anya appendix kokoram a wunhu sɛnkyerɛnne biara. Anaasɛ, ebia worenhu sɛnkyerɛnne biara kosi sɛ akisikuru no bɛtrɛw. Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ onipa biara ho. Hwɛ sɛ wowɔ eyinom mu bi anaa:

• Appendicitis (a ɛkyerɛ sɛ appendix no mu ayɛ hyew anaa ɔyare mmoawa) .
• Bloating , te nka sɛ yafunu no ayɛ ma
• Ascites a ɛyɛ mmerɛw
• Asen mu ntwemu a ɛkɔ soro
• Ɛyaw a ɛba yafunu anaa akyi berɛmo mu
• Nsakrae a ɛba dwensɔtwaa dwumadi mu (titiriw akisikuru ) .
• Akisikuru ne ɔfe
• Sɛ wufi ase didi ara pɛ a wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo ma ( Early satiety ) .

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, tebea bi a ɛntaa nsi koraa a wɔfrɛ no Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) betumi aka akyi berɛmo mu kokoram ho. Wɔ PMP mu no, kokoram nkwammoaa no yi ade bi a ɛte sɛ jelly a wɔfrɛ no mucin fi mu, na ebetumi ama akyi berɛmo no ahonhon. Bere kɔ so no, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ yafunu mu yaw ne yafunu mu yaw betumi aba.

Dɛn na ɛde appendix kokoram ba?

Appendix kokoram fi ase bere a nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ appendix no mu sesa na enyin a wontumi nni so no. Nanso, abenfo da so ara nnim nea ɛkanyan saa adeyɛ yi ankasa.

Nneɛma a ɛde asiane ba

Nanso, nneɛma bi betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya appendix kokoram no ayɛ kɛse. Eyinom bi ne:

• Mfeɛ:Ɛwom sɛ appendix kokoram betumi aba wɔ mfe biara mu de, nanso ɛtaa ba nnipa a wɔadi fi mfe 40 kosi 60. Wɔtaa hu yare no wɔ nnipa a wɔadi mfe 50 mu.
• Bɔbeasu: Mmea taa nya neuroendocrine tumors a ɛwɔ appendix no mu.
• Sigaretnom anaa tawa nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma: Tawa a wɔnom no ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya kokoram ahorow nyinaa, a kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu ka ho no yɛ kɛse.
• Aduruyɛ ho abakɔsɛm: Akwahosan tebea horow bi te sɛ atrophic gastritis , mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a ɛsɛe ade, ne Zollinger-Ellison syndrome betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu no ayɛ kɛse.
• Abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛfa kokoram ho: Nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔyɛe nnansa yi kyerɛ sɛ ebia nnipa bi a wɔwɔ appendix kokoram benya awosu mu nkwaadɔm a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya kokoram no yɛ kɛse. Nanso, nhwehwɛmu pii ho hia na ama wɔahu sɛ ebia eyi fi awosu mu anaa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu sɛ obi anya appendix kokoram?

Mpɛn pii no, nnipa a wɔwɔ appendix kokoram kɔ ​​oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a wɔkyerɛ appendicitis ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Mpɛn pii no, wohu yare no bere a wɔatwa appendectomy , a ɛyɛ oprehyɛn a wɔde yi appendex no akyi. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wohu saa akisikuru yi wɔ akwanhyia mu bere a wɔreyɛ tebea foforo ho nhwehwɛmu anaasɛ wɔreyɛ oprehyɛn no.

Sɛ wo duruyɛfo susuw sɛ kokoram wɔ appendix mu a, ɔbɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii bio. Ebia eyinom bi ne:

• Mfoniniyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu: Wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ CT scan anaa MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scan. Saa sɔhwɛ ahorow yi twa ntini a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu no mfonini. Wobetumi ada akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne adi ne sɛ ebia kokoram no atrɛw anaa. Sɛ appendix kokoram trɛw a, ebetumi atrɛw akɔ yafunu no akwaa a ɛbɛn anaa ntini a ɛkata so ( peritoneum ).
• Laparoscopy: Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no, oduruyɛfo no de adwinnade tenten bi a ɛyɛ tratraa a wɔfrɛ no laparoscope fa ntwitwiridii ketewaa bi a ɛwɔ wo yafunu mu mu. Mfoninitwa afiri ketewaa bi a ɛwɔ so no twa appendix no mfonini na ɛde kyerɛ wɔ screen so.
• Biopsy: Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no, oduruyɛfo no fa ntini bi na ɔde kɔ pathology lab kɔhwɛ sɛ kokoram nkwammoaa wɔ hɔ anaa. Ɛyɛ den kakra sɛ wobɛfa biopsy afi appendix no mu. Enti, sɛ ebia kokoram no atrɛw akɔ baabi foforo a, oduruyɛfo no bɛfa nhwɛsode bi afi saa beae no.
• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu:Sɛ wo biopsy aba no kyerɛ sɛ wowɔ appendix cancer a, wo duruyɛfo bɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ lab mfa nhwɛ wo protein dodow. Protein ahorow bi dodow betumi aboa ma wɔahu baabi a kokoram no atrɛw akodu.

Akwan a wɔfa so nya kokoram a ɛwɔ appendix mu

Sɛ nnuruyɛfo nim baabi a kokoram no te a, ɛboa ma wohu sɛnea kokoram no mu yɛ den, ayaresa nhyehyɛe a eye sen biara, ne nea ebefi ayaresa mu aba.

Nnuruyɛfo de gyinapɛn ahorow a ɛsono sɛnea wɔde gyina akisikuru no so di dwuma:

• Appendiceal adenocarcinomas: Nnuruyɛfo de TNM staging system no di dwuma de yɛ appendiceal adenocarcinomas. Saa nhyehyɛe yi susuw akisikuru no kɛse (T), sɛ ebia kokoram no atrɛw akɔ ntini a ɛma mogya tu mu (N), ne sɛ ebia atrɛw akɔ akwaa a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri (M) mu. Wɔfrɛ kokoram a atrɛw saa kwan yi so no kokoram a ɛkɔ mmeae afoforo . Wɔka saa nneɛma yi nyinaa bom na wɔde ɔfã bi a efi biako kosi anan ma. Ɔfã a edi kan ne kokoram a edi kan, na ɔfã anan ne kokoram a ɛkɔ anim.
• Appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors: Sɛ́ ebia wobetumi de oprehyɛn ayi afi hɔ koraa no na ɛkyerɛ faako a saa akisikuru yi wɔ. Wɔsan nso hwɛ tumor grade (sɛnea nkwammoaa no hwɛ sɛ ɛnyɛ ne kwan so wɔ microscope mu). Sɛ wowɔ akisikuru a ɛba fam (a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so kakraa bi na ɛwɔ hɔ) na oduruyɛfo betumi de oprehyɛn ayi afi hɔ a, wo nkɔmhyɛ no ye.

Nokwarem no, sɛnea wobehu baabi a kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu no yɛ den kakra efisɛ akisikuru ahorow pii wɔ hɔ. Ɔkwan biara wɔ n’ankasa su ahorow, na ɛno na ɛkyerɛ ayaresa a wubetumi apaw ne nea ɛbɛba daakye.

Nanso mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu. Bisa wo duruyɛfo no ma ɔnkyerɛkyerɛ sɛnea wo kokoram no su ne nea ɛkɔ so no bɛka wo mu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa appendix kokoram?

Ayaresa ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a wɔde sa kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu. Wɔn titiriw ne oprehyɛn ne nnuru a wɔde sa yare. Wo duruyɛfo no besusuw nneɛma pii ho ansa na wayɛ w’ayaresa ho nhyehyɛe. Eyinom bi ne akisikuru no kɛse ne faako a ɛwɔ, w’akwahosan nyinaa, ne nea w’ankasa wopɛ.

Sɛɛgyiri

Ayaresa titiriw a wɔde sa kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu ne oprehyɛn . Akwan pii wɔ hɔ a wɔfa so yɛ oprehyɛn:

• Appendectomy: Wɔ akisikuru a esua sen sɛntimita 1 anaa 2 (ennu nsateakwaa biako) fam no, ebia appendex no nkutoo a wobeyi afi hɔ no bɛdɔɔso.
• Hemicolectomy: Wɔ akisikuru akɛse a emu yɛ den ho no, hemicolectomy ne...Ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn foforo te sɛ laparotomy. Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no, wɔ akyi berɛmo no a woyi akyi no, woyi akyi berɛmo no fã bi ne ntini pii a ɛma mogya tu no fi hɔ.
• Cytoreductive (debulking) oprehyɛn: Sɛ kokoram no atrɛw wɔ yafunu no mu nyinaa a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn a ɛtrɛw. Wɔ eyi mu no, oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn no yi akisikuru no pii sɛnea obetumi, a ebia nea ɛka ho ne sɛ obeyi akwaa no afã horow a kokoram no atrɛw wɔ hɔ no.

Nnuru a wɔde sa yare

Sɛ oprehyɛn ntumi nyi kokoram no mfi hɔ koraa a, ebia wubehia nnuru a wɔde sa wo yare. Ebia eyi bi ne:

• Nnuru a wɔde sa yare: Wɔde saa ayaresa yi kum kokoram nkwammoaa a atrɛw akɔ akyiri sen akyi berɛmo no. Ekum kokoram nkwammoaa biara a ebia wobegyaw wɔ oprehyɛn akyi no nso. Wobetumi de saa aduru yi ama sɛ aduru a wɔde twitwiw nipadua mu anaasɛ wɔde yɛ aduru.
• Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC): HIPEC yɛ nnuru a wɔde sa yare titiriw. Wɔtaa yɛ no bere a wɔreyɛ oprehyɛn no. Nea ɛka ho ne nnuru a wɔde sa yare a wɔma ɛyɛ hyew na wɔde di akɔneaba wɔ yafunu no mu. Saa ɔhyew ne nnuru a wɔde di dwuma tẽẽ yi ma nnuru a wɔde sa yare no yɛ nea ano yɛ den na etu mpɔn kɛse.
• Nnuru a wɔde sa yare a wɔde wɔn ani asi so: Ayaresa yi botae ne sɛ wɔde wɔn ani besi kokoram nkwammoaa nkutoo so bere a wɔmma nkwammoaa a wɔwɔ apɔwmuden a wɔsɛe no no ano hye no. Wɔde nnuru titiriw di dwuma de si awosu mu nkwaadɔm anaa protein ahorow bi a ɛboa ma kokoram nyin no so. Wɔde nnuru te sɛ cetuximab , bevacizumab , ramucirumab, ne panitumumab di dwuma wɔ saa appendix kokoram ayaresa yi mu.

Sɛ wowɔ appendix kokoram a, dɛn na wubetumi ahwɛ kwan?

Wo suahu no begyina nneɛma pii so, a akisikuru no su, ne kɛse, ne ne su ka ho. W’akwahosan nyinaa ne sɛnea woyɛ w’ade wɔ ayaresa ho nso ho hia.

Wobetumi asa appendix kokoram ahorow bi koraa . Sɛ nhwɛso no, mpɛn pii no, wobetumi de oprehyɛn asa appendiceal neuroendocrine akisikuru a ɛba fam. Mpɛn pii no, dodow a akisikuru no sua no, dodow no ara na ɛda adi sɛ wɔde ayaresa bɛsa kokoram no koraa. Akuru akɛse trɛw ntɛmntɛm na ebia ɛrenyɛ adwuma yiye wɔ ayaresa ho.

Wo duruyɛfo betumi agyina nea woahu so akyerɛ wo nea wobɛhwɛ kwan.

Nkwa dodow ahe na wonya wɔ appendix kokoram mu?

Mfeɛ anum nkwa nna wɔ appendix kokoram a ɛba fam mu no yɛ 67% kɔsi 97%. Wei kyerɛ sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ yareɛ no mu 67% kɔsi 97% da so te ase wɔ mfeɛ anum akyi. Saa nkwagye dodow yi betumi ayɛ nea ɛba fam koraa wɔ akisikuru a akɔ anim kɛse anaasɛ appendix kokoram a wohu akyiri yi no ho.

Kae sɛ nkwagye dodow nkyerɛ sɛnea wobɛyɛ w’ade yiye wɔ ayaresa ho anaa bere tenten a wobɛtra ase. Saa akontaabu ahorow yi kyerɛ osuahu ahorow a nnipa a wɔanya appendix kokoram wɔ bere bi a atwam no mu. Esiane sɛ appendix kokoram ho yɛ na nti, ebia nsɛm a ɛfa nkwa nna ho no renyɛ nokware. Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa nkwagye dodow ho a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wuhu kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ akisikuru, akisikuru, anaa yafunu mu yaw , kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara .

Sɛ wɔahu sɛ wowɔ appendix cancer a, sɛ wo sɛnkyerɛnne no sesa anaasɛ ɛyɛ kɛse a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa. Ka nsunsuanso bɔne biara a worenya afi w’ayaresa no mu ho asɛm kyerɛ no. Obetumi akyerɛ akwan a ɔbɛfa so aboa wo ma woagyina wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ano. Obetumi nso de wo akɔ mmeae a wɔhwɛ ayarefo a wɔyare a ɛma wo ho dwo wo . Wɔn a wɔhwɛ ayarefo a wɔyare no boa nnipa a wɔwɔ nyarewa ahorow (a nyarewa a ɛnyɛ nea ɛde wɔn nkwa to asiane mu ka ho) ma wodi wɔn sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho dwuma.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?

Sɛ wunim wo tebea no ho asɛm sɛnea wubetumi biara a, ɛbɛboa wo ma woasisi w’akwahosan ho gyinae a ɛfata. Nsɛmmisa bi a ɛsɛ sɛ wubisa wo duruyɛfo ni:

• Nkekaho bɛn na mewɔ?
• Akisikuru no kɛse te dɛn?
• Dɛn ne me appendix kokoram no fã ne ne fã?
• Ayaresa ahorow bɛn na mewɔ?
• Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mifi ase sa yare?
• So metumi ayɛ adwuma bere a wɔreyɛ kokoram ayaresa no?
• So nneɛma anaa akuw a wɔboa me wɔ hɔ a wɔbɛboa me?

Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu nka na wunnim bere a wuhu sɛ wowɔ appendix kokoram no. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa sɛnea wote nka ho. Obetumi abua wo nsɛmmisa a ɛfa wo tebea no ho na waka baabi a wubetumi anya mmoa akyerɛ wo. Esiane sɛ appendix kokoram ho yɛ na nti, ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wo nkutoo na woahu sɛ wowɔ saa. Nanso ɛnyɛ wo nkutoo na wowɔ. Wubetumi ne afoforo a wɔanya osuahu a ɛte saa ara adi nkitaho. Mubetumi aboa mo ho mo ho denam appendix kokoram ayaresa ne ne di so.

Nkrasɛm a ɛho hia sen biara a wɔde kɔ fie a efi asɛm yi mu ne sɛ:

Okay, enti yɛaka appendix cancer ho asɛm pii, ɛnte saa? Ɛwom sɛ eyi yɛ kokoram a ɛntaa nsi koraa de, nanso ɛfata sɛ wuhu.

• Appendix kokoram yɛ yare a ɛntaa nsi. Nanso, sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛte sɛ appendicitis, yafunu mu yaw a ɛyɛ soronko, anaasɛ wo hohoro a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.
• Appendix kokoram ahorow wɔ hɔ, na ɛsono sɛnea obiara sa ne sɛnea ne ho tɔ no.
• Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobehu no ntɛm, efisɛ ɛda adi sɛ ayaresa no bɛyɛ yiye.
• Ayaresa ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a wobetumi de adi dwuma. Wɔde nneɛma te sɛ oprehyɛn, nnuru a wɔde sa yare, ne ayaresa a wɔde wɔn ani asi so sa yare yi.
• Nsuro sɛ wubebisa nsɛm. Bisa wo duruyɛfo no nsɛm biara a wowɔ. Ɛnyɛ wo nko ara, mmeae bi wɔ hɔ a wubetumi anya mmoa.

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛma w’ani aku nsakrae a ɛba wo nipadua mu no ho. Sɛ wuhu biribi a ɛyɛ soronko a, nyansa wom sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu mmom sen sɛ wubebu w’ani agu so.

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