So w’amemene no nnya mframa pa a ɛdɔɔso? (Cerebral Hypoxia) Momma yensua ho ade.

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔ yɛn asetra mu no, nneɛma a yentumi nsusuw ho sisi, ɛnte saa? Nneɛma te sɛ mpofirim ara a wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo hyew, sɛ wuntumi mfa w’adwene nsi biribi so, anaasɛ wubehu sɛ obi atotɔ piti na wahwe ase. Ebia eyinom bi ahintaw wɔ akwahosan ho haw a emu yɛ den akyi. Cerebral Hypoxia yɛ tebea a ɛte saa no mu biako a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ so ntɛm ara. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi kyerɛ sɛ yɛn amemene no nnya mframa pa dodow a wɔhwehwɛ. Esiane sɛ eyi betumi de nkwa mpo ato asiane mu nti, momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri nnɛ.

Dɛn ne Amemene mu Hypoxia?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛyɛ nea yɛfrɛ no (Cerebral Hypoxia) bere a w’amemene no nnya mframa pa a ɛdɔɔso no. Susuw ho hwɛ, te sɛ yɛn nipadua no fã foforo biara no, amemene no nso hia oxygen na ama ayɛ adwuma. Mogya no na ɛde mframa pa yi kɔ amemene no mu. Enti, sɛ wuntumi nhome yiye, anaasɛ mogya a ɛkɔ amemene no mu no gyae esiane biribi nti a, mframa pa a ɛwɔ amemene no mu no sua. Sɛ oxygen nni hɔ a, yɛn ntini ahorow no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye. Ɛno ne bere a nneɛma te sɛ ahome, nantew, kasa, ne nea wohu no sɛe.

Ɛtɔ da bi a nnuruyɛfo frɛ eyi ``hypoxia-anoxia opira.' ’ Hypoxia kyerɛ sɛ oxygen a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no so tew kakra. Nanso ``anoxia'' kyerɛ sɛ amemene no nni oxygen koraa. Nanso, abien no nyinaa yɛ nea asiane wom, efisɛ amemene no yɛ akwaa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye.

Dɛn ne eyi ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Ɛsono sɛnea yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no gyina bere tenten a amemene no nni oxygen no so. Kae sɛ amemene mu nkwammoaa fi ase wuwu wɔ simma kakraa bi mu bere a mframa pa nnim no. Enti ɛho hia sɛ wuhu eyi ntɛm.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan a wotumi hu

Wɔ mfiase no, ebia wubehu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ:

• Sɛ obi te nka sɛ ne nkari pɛ, ontumi nnantew yiye (`Ataxia`). Fa no sɛ wobɛhwere wo nsa ne wo akwaa so tumi mpofirim.
• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo ti retwa, ɛretwa ne ho na ɛretwa.
• Anigye kɛse a wɔte nka mpofirim a ntease biara nnim. Eyi yɛ nwonwa kakra, ɛnte saa? Nanso eyi nso betumi ayɛ sɛnkyerɛnne.
• Ɔhome a ɛkɔ soro, nanso ɔhome a emu nnɔ (`Tachypnea`).
• Nipadua no afã horow bi yɛ mmerɛw, na ɛte sɛ nea nwansena retu mmirika akɔ akyirikyiri.
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛma w’adwene akɔ so ayɛ adwuma.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den a ɛda adi akyiri yi

Sɛ tebea no mu yɛ den kɛse a, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ:

• Ahomegye a wonni, basabasayɛ.
• Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa, adwene a ɛyera. Baabi a wowɔ anaa nea woreyɛ a wunnim.
• Honam ani, anofafa, ne nsateaa nnadewa a ɛsakra kɔla bruu (`Cyanosis`). Eyi ba bere a oxygen a ɛdɔɔso nni mogya no mu no.
• Dae, ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛsɔre.
• Ntini a ɛtwetwe mpofirim (`Myoclonus`).
• Akisikuru a efi ase, kyerɛ sɛ, akisikuru.

Sɛ tebea yi mu yɛ den a , ebetumi aba sɛ obi ntumi nhu hwee anaasɛ ɔbɛma ne ho atɔ no mpo. Momma yɛnhwɛ kwan sɛ ɛno rensi.

Dɛn nti na eyi (Cerebral Hypoxia) ba? Dɛn na ɛde ba?

Nokwarem no, nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a enti ɛte saa. Wɔ aman te sɛ Amerika mu no, nea ɛde ba titiriw ne koma a ɛtwetwe bere a obi anya komayare akyi . Nanso, saa tebea yi betumi aba bere biara a mframa pa a wɔde kɔ amemene no mu no agyae. Susuw nneɛma te sɛ eyi ho hwɛ:

• Sɛ wowɔ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ wo mogya mu a emu yɛ den, baabi a mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no sua koraa a, eyi te saa efisɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ yi de mframa pa kɔ.
• Mogya mmoroso a ɛba fam yiye (`systemic hypotension` anaa `mogya mmoroso a ɛba fam`). Eyi ma mogya dodow a wɔde kɔ amemene no mu no so tew.
• Tebea a ɛma oxygen so tew kɔ nipadua no ntini mu (systemic hypoxia).

Ntease afoforo bi ni:

• Carbon monoxide awuduru betumi afi carbon monoxide mframa anaa wusiw a efi ogya mu a wɔhome mu. Sɛ ogya tɔ fie anaasɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ kar bi mu mframa a wɔde yi mframa mu no mu a, eyi betumi aba.
• Akwanhyia a ɛma obi menewa, ɔbɔ ne menewa, ne ne menewa. Te sɛ bere a abofra ketewa bi rewe agode bi na ne menewa, anaa bere a obi amene no.
• Ɛlektrik a wɔde bɔ obi.
• Ti a opira, kyerɛ sɛ, apirakuru a emu yɛ den a ɛba ti so, titiriw amemene mu apirakuru a ɛyɛ hu.
• Koma mu yare.
• Sɛ mpo wokɔ nsuo mu na wogye wo nkwa (`Near-drowning`).
• Nnuru a wɔnom boro so anaasɛ nnuru a wɔhome a wɔmfa nni dwuma yiye.
• Sɛ akisikuru no kɔ so a.
• Mogya a ɛtɔ kɛse anaa mogya a ɛtɔ. Sɛ woapira kɛse, te sɛ akwanhyia mu a.
• Nsɛnnennen a ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ oprehyɛn (`Oprehyɛn mu nsɛnnennen`) anaasɛ aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no (`anesthesia haw`).
• Nnwodwoɔ.

Nsɛnnennen a asiane wom bɛn na eyi betumi de aba?

Oh, eyi yɛ awerɛhow sɛ yɛbɛka, nanso nneɛma a enye koraa a ebetumi asi esiane `(Cerebral Hypoxia)` nti ne:

• Coma: Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wobɛtɔ nna a emu yɛ den mu, na wonte biribiara ase.
• Amemene mu owu. Eyi akyi no, ahotɔ biara nni hɔ.
• Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, owu mpo betumi aba.

"Ɛno nti na yɛka sɛ eyi yɛ ntɛmpɛ, na sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ketewaa bi mpo a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara."

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu eyi?

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, oduruyɛfo bi bedi kan ahwɛ baabi a mogya a ɛkɔ amemene no mu no so atew. Ebia eyi ka sɔhwɛ ahorow te sɛ:

• Angiography: Eyi hwɛ sɛ mogya ntini no asiw anaa.
• CT scan anaa MRI scan. Eyinom twa amemene no mu mfonini de hwɛ sɛ obi anya akisikuru, mogya a ɛretu wɔ amemene no mu, amemene no mu ahonhon, anaa nneɛma foforo a asɛe anaa.
• EEG (Electroencephalogram - EEG) sɔhwɛ. Eyi sɔ anyinam ahoɔden dwumadi a ɛwɔ amemene no mu hwɛ.
• Evoked tumi ahorow sɔhwɛ. Eyi sɔ sɛnea amemene no yɛ n’ade wɔ nkate ahorow te sɛ nea wɔde ka obi ho no hwɛ.

Dɛn ne ayaresa a wɔde sa eyi?

Nnuruyɛfo fi ayaresa ase denam nea edi kan a wohu nea ɛde ba no so na afei wɔsa saa ade a ɛde ba no ma mframa pa san kɔ amemene no mu no so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome a, wubetumi de afiri (`mfiri a wɔde ma mframa`) adi dwuma de aboa wo ma woahome. Anaasɛ wubetumi de ayaresa a ɛboa ma mogya a oxygen pii wom no kɔ amemene no mu adi dwuma.

Ayaresa no gyina ɔyarefo no tebea ne nea ɛde oxygen a enni nipadua no mu ba no so. Ade titiriw ne sɛ wobɛsan de mframa pa akɔ amemene no mu ntɛm ara sɛnea wobetumi.

Bere tenten ahe na ebegye na obi ho atɔ no afi tebea yi mu? (Nsusuwii) .

Eyi gu ahorow wɔ onipa biara mu. Mpɛn pii no, nea efi mu ba no gyina nneɛma te sɛ:

• Bere tenten a amemene no nni mframa pa. Kae sɛ amemene no sɛe fi ase wɔ bɛyɛ simma anan akyi bere a mframa pa afi obi nsam no. Enti, dodow a mframa pa nni amemene no mu bere tenten no, dodow no ara na hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ amemene no bɛsɛe no yɛ kɛse.
• Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ , sɛ nhwɛso no, nhwehwɛmu bi ada no adi sɛ nnipa pii a wonya ``amemene mu hypoxia`` wɔ komayare akyi no wɔ ɔhaw kɛse wɔ wɔn adwene tumi (``cognition``) ho.
• Sɛ tebea no ma obi kɔɔ koma mu a, ɛnde bere tenten ahe na koma no dii. Sɛ nhwɛso no, nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi kyerɛ sɛ nnipa a wofi komayare mu ba wɔ nea ennu adapɛn anan mu no nsɛnnennen a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ no sua sen wɔn a wɔtra komayare mu kyɛ no.

Enti, eyi yɛ ade a ɛyɛ den yiye. Nnipa binom ho tɔ wɔn ntɛmntɛm, ebinom gye bere tenten, na awerɛhosɛm ne sɛ ebinom sɛe daa.

So wobetumi asiw amemene mu hypoxia ano?

Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, yentumi nsiw amemene mu yare a ɛma mogya tu a akwanhyia te sɛ nsu a ɛmene ne amene a wɔde menewa ba no nyinaa ano. Nanso, yebetumi ayɛ nneɛma bi de atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ akwanhyia a ɛtete saa no so.

Nea ɛbɛyɛ na woabɔ wo ho ban afi akwanhyia ho no, yɛ nneɛma yi:

• Fa mfiri a wɔde hu wusiw ne mfiri a wɔde hu mframa bɔne hyehyɛ wo fie na hwɛ mu daa hwɛ sɛ ɛreyɛ adwuma yiye anaa.
• Hwɛ hu sɛ obiara bɛhyɛ ahobammɔ abɔso bere biara a ɔwɔ kar mu.
• Fa ntade a wɔde gye nkwa di dwuma bere a worehyɛn nsu no mu no, guare wɔ mmeae a nkwagyefo wɔ hɔ nkutoo, na hwɛ mmofra nkumaa so, wɔ aguaree mpo.
• Hyɛ dade kyɛw bere a woredi agumadi a ɛkanyan kɛse, worekɔ sakre so, worebɔ skating, anaa worebɔ sukyerɛmma so mpaboa no.

Tew asiane a ɛwɔ akwahosan ho haw ahorow mu so:

Nyarewa te sɛ komayare, komayare, ne ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase nso ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya amemene mu oxygen a enni hɔ no yɛ kɛse. Ɛwom sɛ wontumi nsiw ano koraa de, nanso nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ de atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no so:

• Ma w’asetra kwan tu mpɔn. Sɛ woteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu da biara da na wudi aduan pa te sɛ Mediterranea aduan anaa DASH aduan a, ebetumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya komayare ne ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase no so.
• Hwɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobɛnya komayare (`Cardiac arrest`). Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka wo haw ne w’abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛfa komayare ho. Afei wo duruyɛfo betumi asusuw asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ ho na wahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu te sɛ EKG (`Electrocardiogram - EKG`) anaa EP (`Electrophysiology - EP`) nhwehwɛmu .
• Kwati asetra kwan a asiane wom. Nneɛma te sɛ sigaretnom ne tawanom, nnubɔnenom, ne nsa a wɔnom boro so ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare ne akisikuru no yɛ kɛse.
• Di aduruyɛ mu tebea horow a ɛda adi te sɛ asikreyare, mogya mmoroso, srade a ɛdɔɔso, ne kɛseyɛ mmoroso a ɛno nso ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare ne ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase no yɛ kɛse no so.
• Kɔ aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu daa. Anyɛ yiye koraa no, kɔ w’abusua oduruyɛfo nkyɛn pɛnkoro afe biara na woakɔhwɛ wo koraa. Saa kwan yi so no, sɛ nsɛnkyerɛnne bi wɔ hɔ a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ `(Cerebral Hypoxia)` mu no yɛ kɛse a, wubetumi ahu ntɛm.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho? (Ne ho a wɔhwɛ) .

Sɛ amemene mu oxygen hypoxia wie a, ebia ɛbɛyɛ den ama wo sɛ wobɛkasa, wobɛnantew, anaa wobɛhwɛ wo nipadua no kankan so. Sɛ eyi ba a, ebia wubehia aduruyɛ mu mmoa te sɛ nipadua mu ayaresa anaa kasa mu ayaresa . Ebia ebegye asram pii ansa na ne ho atɔ no koraa. Enti, nya abotare na fa wo ho hyɛ ayaresa mu.

Abusua muni bi a ɔwɔ m’abusua mu wɔ tebea bi a emu yɛ den (Cerebral Hypoxia). Mɛyɛ dɛn aboa no?

`(Cerebral Hypoxia)` a emu yɛ den yɛ tebea a emu yɛ den a ebetumi de nkwa ato asiane mu. Ɛtɔ da bi a ebetumi ama obi akɔ koma mu, a ebetumi atra hɔ adapɛn pii, anaasɛ `afifide tebea` a entumi nyɛ hwee.Wobetumi de akɔ baabi foforo nso. Nanso, esiane sɛ w’abusua muni no nnim hwee nti, wobehia ayaresa a ɛkɔ so wɔ ayaresabea anaa baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔyare no. Ebetumi ayɛ den yiye ama abusua no mufo sɛ wɔbɛkɔ so ayɛ den wɔ wɔn adwene mu wɔ saa bere yi mu. Nanso, ade a eye sen biara a wubetumi ayɛ ne sɛ wo ne nnuruyɛfo no bɛkasa daa na woama wɔn mmoa a wohia.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu ntɛm ara?

Cerebral Hypoxia yɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ. Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne bi – sɛ ɛte sɛ nea asiane biara nni ho mpo a, te sɛ adwenemhaw anaa adwene a ɛyɛ basaa – frɛ 911 ntɛm ara, ma obi frɛ wo, na kɔ ayaresabea dan a wɔhwɛ ntɛmpɛ so ntɛm ara. Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ wo mpɔtam hɔ reda saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi adi a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ:

• Nhumu a wɔhwere.
• Akisikuru a ɛma obi ho kyere no.
• Ahome a emu nnɔ, ahome a ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome.
• Sɛ woreda komayare anaa akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne adi (sɛ nhwɛso no, wo koko mu yaw kɛse, kasa a ɛnyɛ den, w’anim fã biako a ɛrehwe ase).

Wɔ bere a ɛte sɛɛ mu no, ɛsɛ sɛ yɛyɛ ho biribi ntɛm ara, a yɛntwentwɛn yɛn nan ase sekan biako mpo!

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?

Sɛ wo ho retɔ wo wɔ Cerebral Hypoxia ho a, ebia wobɛpɛ sɛ wubisa wo ho nsɛm yi:

• "Wonim nea enti a eyi too me, oduruyɛfo?"
• "So eyi betumi asi bio?"
• "Dɛn ne nea ebetumi afi eyi mu aba?"

Sɛ abusua muni anaa wo dɔfo bi wɔ amemene mu yare a ɛma mogya tu na ontumi nkasa a, wubetumi abisa wɔn nsɛm yi:

• "Amemene no asɛe no mu yɛ den dɛn?"
• "Dɛn ne nsunsuanso bɔne a ebetumi afi mu aba?"
• "So aduru bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aboa ma m'abusua muni no yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne so atew?"
• "Ne tebea no bɛyɛ dɛn wɔ bere tenten mu?"

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Cerebral Hypoxia betumi ato obiara, na ebetumi asakra ne nkwa na ɛde ne nkwa mpo ato asiane mu. Bere a ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a wobɛfa so asiw ano koraa no, akwan bi wɔ hɔ a wobɛfa so atew asiane a wowɔ no so. Efi ase wɔ w’akwahosan nyinaa a wobɛhwɛ so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wowɔ mogya mmoroso a, sɛ wobɛma wɔasa no yiye a, ebetumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya komayare anaa akisikuru na woanya amemene mu yare a ɛma mogya tu no so. Enti, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa daa na di w’akwahosan ho dwuma. Saa ɔkasa no betumi aboa wo ma woakwati amemene mu yare a enni mu ne tebea afoforo a emu yɛ den. Mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu, ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛbɔ wo amanneɛ na woakɔ so ayɛ dwoodwoo.

` Amemene mu hypoxia, oxygen a enni amemene no mu, oxygen a enni nipadua no mu, amemene a ɛsɛe, ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ, ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa, komayare, ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase