So ɛyɛ den ma wo nso sɛ wobɛsan atĩ nea obi aka no mu? Eyi betumi ayɛ tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no (Conduction Aphasia)!

So woanya biribi a ɛte sɛɛ pɛn? Obi ka asɛm bi kyerɛ wo, na wote ase yiye. Nanso sɛ wobɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛsan atĩ mu de ahwɛ ahu sɛ ɛteɛ a, nsɛm no mfi adi, wokyere, na wote nka sɛ woakɔ so? Anaasɛ mpofirim ara wo sa nsɛmfua bere a worekasa na wode nsɛmfua te sɛ "um..." "uh..." di dwuma? Ebia eyinom nyɛ nneɛma a wɔanhyɛ da kɛkɛ. Ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka ɔhaw a ɛte saa ara ho asɛm.

Dɛn ne ``Conduction Aphasia''? Momma yɛnte ase pɛpɛɛpɛ!

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ``(Conduction Aphasia)`` yɛ kasa mu ɔhaw a ɛnyɛ den. Ade titiriw ne sɛ, ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛsan atĩ nsɛmfua kakraa bi anaa kasamu bi mu sɛnea obi foforo ka no pɛpɛɛpɛ. Nanso nea ɛyɛ nwonwa ne sɛ wote nea nnipa afoforo ka ase yiye, na wubetumi ne afoforo nso akasa pefee na woayɛ sɛnea ɛte daa.

Wo de susuw eyi ho hwɛ. Wobisa w’adamfo bi sɛ ɔmma wo akwankyerɛ. W'adamfo no se, "Ofie no bɛyɛ mita ɔha wɔ nifa so wɔ sotɔɔ a ɛwɔ anim no akyi." Seesei wote eyi ase yiye. Nanso, sɛ wobɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛsan aka bio a, wobɛte kasamu a abubu, a enni mũ te sɛ, "Shop... um... right... that... meter... house..." Wɔde nsɛmfua "um" ne "that" di dwuma te sɛ nea wɔde hyɛ baabi a ɛda hɔ no ma kosi sɛ wubenya nsɛmfua a ɛfata.

Ade foforo nso ne sɛ, ɛtɔ mmere bi a asɛmfua a woabɔ wo tirim sɛ wobɛka no betumi ayɛ te sɛ nea ɛte saa ara nanso ɛsono. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ woka sɛ "ɔkraman" a, ebia wobɛka sɛ "yiye." Ebia eyi te saa efisɛ nsɛmfua abien no nnyigyei di nsɛ kakra.

Saa tebea yi a wɔfrɛ no ``Conduction Aphasia'' no yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi, na mpɛn pii no ɛnyɛ aniberesɛm kɛse. Ɛtaa ba bere a amemene no asɛe bi akyi.

Dɛn ne eyi ho sɛnkyerɛnne? Hwɛ sɛ wo nso wowɔ eyinom anaa

Obi a ɔwɔ ``Conduction Aphasia'' titiriw na ohyia saa nsɛnnennen yi:

• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛsan aka nsɛmfua anaa kasamu a obi foforo aka no wɔ ɔkwan koro no ara so pɛpɛɛpɛ. Eyi ne sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw no.
• Ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wubehu nsɛmfua a wode bɛto nneɛma din bere a wuhu biribi no. Nanso, sɛ wɔkyerɛ wo nsɛmfua a wɔahyehyɛ a, wubetumi ahu.
• Mpofirim ara, sɛ woansusuw yɛn anim a, nsɛmfua kyere, nsɛmfua a ɛwɔ kasamu bi mu no di akɔneaba, anaasɛ nsɛmfua dannan.

Nanso, mma saa nneɛma yi nnyɛ basaa. Obi a ɔwɔ `(Conduction Aphasia)` nni ɔhaw biara wɔ saa nneɛma yi ho:

• Nnipa afoforo a wɔne wɔn bɛkasa sɛnea ɛte daa.
• Nea afoforo ka no ntease.
• Akenkan anaa akyerɛw mu nyɛ den.

Asɛmmisa bi a nnipa pii bisa ne sɛ, "So saa nkurɔfo yi betumi akenkan?" Yiw, obi a ɔwɔ `(Conduction Aphasia)` betumi akenkan a ɛnyɛ den biara. Eyi nka saa tumi no.

Dɛn nti na eyi ba? Ɛhe na eyi ka amemene no?

Ade titiriw nti a `(Conduction Aphasia)` ba ne sɛ yɛnNkitahodi a ɛda amemene no mfinimfini atitiriw abien a ɛne kasa yɛ adwuma no ntam a ɛsɛe. Fa no sɛ, yɛwɔ yɛn amemene no fã bi a ɛboa yɛn ma yɛte kasa ase (`(Wernicke mpɔtam)`), ne fã bi a ɛboa yɛn ma yɛka nsɛmfua bom na yɛyɛ nnyigyei bere a yɛrekasa (`(Broca mpɔtam)`). Ɛte sɛ `(input)` ne `(output)` a ɛwɔ kɔmputa mu.

Afei, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔasesa nkrasɛm wɔ mmeae abien yi ntam no, ntini titiriw bi wɔ hɔ a ɛyɛ adwuma sɛ abɔntenban. Yɛfrɛ eyi `(arcuate fasciculus)`. Saa `(arcuate fasciculus)` yi ne ɔfa a ɛboa yɛn ma yɛte nea yɛte ase na yɛde nkrasɛm a yehia na yɛaka no yiye no ma. Enti, sɛ ɔsɛe bi (`(lesion)`) wɔ saa `(arcuate fasciculus)` nkitahodi yi so a, sɛ yɛbɔ mmɔden sɛ yɛbɛka nea yɛtee ase bio a, nkrasɛm no nkɔ yiye. Ɛno ne bere a `(Conduction Aphasia)` ba.

Nneɛma atitiriw pii na ɛde amemene no sɛe saa:

• Akisikuru: Eyi ne ade a ɛtaa de ba.
• Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): Te sɛ ti a opira wɔ akwanhyia mu.
• Amemene mu akisikuru: Nkwammoaa a ɛyɛ soronko a enyin wɔ amemene no mu.
• Amemene mu yare: Sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi hyɛn amemene no mu na ɛde ɔyare bi ba a.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo hu saa tebea yi?

Sɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ɛsɛ sɛ wudi kan kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Ɔbɛhwehwɛ wo mu.

• Wɔyɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no nyinaa.
• Wɔyɛ ntini mu nhwehwɛmu.
• Afei, wɔbɛkra sɛ wɔnyɛ MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scan anaa CT scan (computed tomography scan) de hwɛ sɛ ebia biribi asɛe anaasɛ akisikuru bi wɔ amemene no mu anaa.

Bio nso, wɔde wo bɛkɔ Speech-Language Pathologist (SLP) nkyɛn . Oyi yɛ oduruyɛfo titiriw a ɔsa ɔhaw ahorow a ɛfa kasa ne ɔkasa ho. Ɔbɛsɔ wo kasa ho nimdeɛ ahwɛ. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne:

• Ɔkwan a wofa so kasa (ɛda adi pefee, ɛkɔ so - `(fluency)`).
• So wubetumi ate nea mereka no ase?
• So wubetumi atĩ nsɛmfua anaa kasamu mu (eyi ne ɔhaw titiriw a ɛwɔ `(Conduction Aphasia)` mu).
• So wubetumi abɔ nneɛma din bere a wuhu no?
• So wubetumi akenkan na woakyerɛw?

Sɛ obi wɔ ``Conduction Aphasia'' a, sɛ mpo ɔkyerɛ aba pa wɔ sɔhwɛ afoforo nyinaa mu a, nneɛma a wɔbɛsan ayɛ na wɔato din no yɛ den kakra.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa eyi? So aduru bi wɔ hɔ?

Yiw, ayaresa wɔ hɔ a wɔde sa eyi. Ayaresa titiriw ne kasa mu ayaresa . Ɔkasa ne kasa ho ɔyaresafo (SLP) a yɛadi kan aka ne ho asɛm no bɛboa wo wɔ eyi mu. Ɔbɛte wo tebea no ase pɛpɛɛpɛ na wayɛ ayaresa nhyehyɛe a ɛfata wo. Ade titiriw a wɔde wɔn adwene si so wɔ saa ayaresa yi mu ne:

• Ɔkasa a wɔsan ka ho ntetee: Adesua yi kyerɛkyerɛ wo akwan ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ahorow a ɛbɛboa wo ma woasan atĩ nsɛmfua ne kasamu a wote no mu pɛpɛɛpɛ na emu ada hɔ.
• Nsɛmfua fekubɔ akwan: Wɔde akwan horow di dwuma de boa amemene no ma ɛkae nsɛmfua a ɛfa nneɛma ho ntɛmntɛm bere a wohu no (`(word retrieval)`). Sɛ nhwɛso no, nneɛma te sɛ boa a wɔboa ma wɔkae asɛmfua bi mu nkyerɛwde a edi kan, anaa nsɛmfua afoforo a ɛfa saa asɛmfua no ho a wosusuw ho.
• Nkitahodi ho nimdeɛ nkɔso: Wode saa akwan foforo a woasua wɔ da biara da asetra mu yi bedi dwuma, bere a worekasa no. Afei wobɛtumi akasa a emu da hɔ na wowɔ ahotosoɔ.

Bio nso, sɛ nea ɛde ``Conduction Aphasia'' ba no yɛ amemene mu akisikuru anaa ɔyare mmoawa a, nea ɛde ba no a wɔsa (e.g., oprehyɛn a wɔde yi akisikuru, nnuru a wɔde sa ɔyare mmoawa) betumi aboa ma sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no anyɛ kɛse.

Sɛ mewɔ saa tebea yi a, dɛn na metumi ahwɛ kwan?

Mpɛn pii no, ``Conduction Aphasia'' ho sɛnkyerɛnne no nyɛ nea emu yɛ den saa, mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Wo kasa ho nimdeɛ dodow no ara da so ara wɔ hɔ. Enti, tebea no nnya wo da biara da nkitahodi dwumadi ahorow so nkɛntɛnso kɛse. Ɛnsiw wo kwan sɛ wobɛkɔ sukuu anaa adwuma (wɔ nnwuma dodow no ara mu).

Sɛ obi apira amemene (te sɛ akisikuru) akyi no, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi atu mpɔn nkakrankakra wɔ asram kakraa a edi kan no mu. Sɛ wɔanyɛ saa mpo a, kasa mu ayaresa betumi aboa kɛse. Ayaresa biara nni hɔ a ɛfata obiara, na w’aduruyɛfo kuw no bɛyɛ ayaresa nhyehyɛe a ɛfa wo pɔtee ho.

So ɔkwan bi wɔ hɔ a wɔbɛfa so asiw eyi ano?

Yɛrentumi nsiw nneɛma a ɛde `(Conduction Aphasia)` ba nyinaa ano. Nanso, nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a yebetumi ayɛ de atew asiane no so:

• Tew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya akisikuru so: Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wubedi nyarewa te sɛ asikreyare ne mogya mmoroso so, akwati sigaretnom, na wafa aduan pa.
• Nnwinnade a wɔde bɔ wɔn ho ban a wɔhyɛ bere a wɔyɛ nneɛma a asiane wom a ebetumi ama obi apirapira ne ti: sɛ nhwɛso no, dade kyɛw a wɔhyɛ bere a ɔte sakre so no.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛsan aka nea obi ka, anaasɛ mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wubenya nsɛm a ɛfata bere a worekasa a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Obetumi ahu nea enti a worehyia saa ɔhaw yi na wama wo ayaresa a ɛfata sen biara.

Nsɛm bi a ɛho hia a ɛsɛ sɛ wobisa oduruyɛfo no

Ebia ɛbɛyɛ nea mfaso wɔ so sɛ wubebisa nsɛm yi bere a worekɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn no:

• Sɛ me yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no mu nyɛ den saa a, so mihia ayaresa?
• Bere tenten ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ kasa mu ayaresa?
• M’ayaresa nhyehyɛe no te dɛn?
• Bere tenten ahe na ebegye ansa na matumi aka nsɛm yiye bio?

Yɛnhu sɛnea yɛsan yɛ nneɛma pii wɔ yɛn da biara da asetra mu kosi sɛ yɛrentumi nyɛ bio, ɛnte saa? Mpɛn pii no, saa ɔhaw yi betumi de nsɛnnennen aba, te sɛ bere a obi rebisa biribi wɔ sotɔɔ mu anaasɛ ɔresi obi afotu so dua no. Bere a saa nneɛma yi nsiw wo kwan sɛ wobɛte kasa no ase no, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi ama wo ho yeraw wo kakra anaasɛ wo ho yeraw wo bere a wo ne afoforo rekasa wɔ ɔmanfo mu no.

Enti, sɛ ``Conduction Aphasia'' ho sɛnkyerɛnne no haw wo a, eye sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn na woahwehwɛ kasa ho ayaresa. Afei wubetumi asua akwan ne akwan horow a wuhia na wode ahotoso ne nsɛm a emu da hɔ akasa bio.

Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie

Okay, enti momma yɛnsan nsusuw nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a yɛaka ho asɛm wɔ ha no ho asɛm:

• Conduction Aphasia yɛ tebea a ɛyɛ den ma obi sɛ ɔbɛsan ayɛ nea obi foforo aka, nanso obetumi ate nea afoforo ka ase na ɔkasa sɛnea ɛsɛ.
• Nea ɛde eyi ba titiriw ne amemene no fã bi a ɛka kasa no mfinimfini no sɛe. Saa ɔsɛe yi betumi afi akisikuru, ti a obi apira, amemene mu akisikuru, anaa ɔyare mmoawa.
• Mpɛn pii no, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no nyɛ den. Ɛnyɛ den sɛ yɛbɛkenkan, akyerɛw, anaa yɛbɛte nea afoforo reka no ase.
• Ɔkasa mu ayaresa ne ayaresa titiriw. Ebetumi aboa ma nsɛm a wɔka no mpɛn pii, nsɛmfua a wɔkae, ne nkitahodi ho nimdeɛ atu mpɔn.
• Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a , ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwehwɛ afotu.

Mma ɛnhaw wo, wubetumi de tebea yi atra ase yiye. Nea wuhia ara ne akwankyerɛ ne ayaresa a ɛfata. Yɛpɛ sɛ wo ho tɔ wo ntɛm!

` Conduction Aphasia, Ɔkasa mu haw, Asɛmfua a wɔsan ka, Amemene mu yare, Stroke, Ɔkasa mu yare