"Asikreyare" yɛ yareɛ a ɛtaa ba nnipa bebree mu wɔ yɛn man yi mu, na ɛyɛ deɛ nnipa pii wɔ. Ebia obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu, w’adamfo bi, anaa w’ankasa mpo na saa tebea yi aka wo. Nanso nnipa pii nnim eyi ankasa. Ebinom mpo nnim sɛ ebia wɔwɔ asikreyare anaa. Enti ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka saa yareɛ yi, anaa aduruyɛ mu a wɔfrɛ no `(Diabetes Mellitus)`, ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛ paa a wobɛtumi ate aseɛ so.
Dɛn ankasa ne asikreyare?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, asikreyare yɛ ɔhaw a ɛba bere a yɛn nipadua no yɛ hormone bi a wɔfrɛ no `Insulin` anaa bere a ɛde insulin a ɛyɛ no di dwuma no. Susuw ho saa kwan yi so: nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no te sɛ afie nketewa. Saa afie yi hia ahoɔden, anaa "petrol", na ama wɔatumi ayɛ adwuma. Saa pɛtro yi yɛ "Glucose" anaa asikre, a wɔde aduan a yedi na ɛyɛ. Nanso sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a saa glucose yi bɛkɔ afie a wɔfrɛ no nkwammoaa mu no, ehia safe bi a wɔfrɛ no "insulin".
Saa insulin safe yi nam akwaa bi a wɔfrɛ no ``Pancreas`` a ɛwɔ yɛn yafunu mu na ɛyɛ. Asikreyare ba esiane nneɛma a edidi so yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa nti:
- Wo dwensɔtwaa no ntumi nyɛ insulin biara koraa .
- Insulin kakraa bi pɛ na dwensɔtwaa no yɛ .
- Nipadua no nyɛ nea ɛfata wɔ insulin ho. Yɛfrɛ eyi ``Insulin Resistance.'' Ɛte sɛ nea wowɔ safe nanso ɔpon no ano abubu.
Esiane saa nneɛma yi nti, glucose ntumi nkɔ nkwammoaa no mu na mmom ɛboaboa ano wɔ mogya no mu. Eyi ne bere a asikre dodow kɔ soro wɔ mogya mu, na ɛde asikreyare ba.
Asikreyare yɛ tebea a ɛkɔ so wɔ ne nkwa nna nyinaa mu. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, ɛyɛ yiye koraa sɛ wubedi ho dwuma yiye na woanya asetra a ahoɔden wom.
Asikreyare ahorow titiriw bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ?
Asikreyare ahorow atitiriw pii wɔ hɔ. Momma yɛnte wɔn ase yiye.
| Asikreyare ahorow a ɛwɔ hɔ | Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a... | Henanom na ɛtaa ka wɔn? |
|---|---|---|
| Asikreyare a Ɛto so 1 | Nipadua no ankasa nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no sɛe nkwammoaa a ɛma insulin wɔ dwensɔtwaa no mu no. Ne saa nti, nipadua no hwere insulin nyinaa. Wɔn insulin fibea titiriw ne nnuru a wɔde twitwiw wɔn wɔ abɔnten. | Ɛwom sɛ wɔtaa hu wɔ mmofraase anaa mpanyin afe so (wɔn mfe 20) de, nanso ebetumi aba wɔ mfe biara mu. |
| Asikreyare a Ɛto so 2 | Nipadua no ma insulin yɛ, nanso dodow no nnɔɔso. Anaasɛ nipadua no mu nkwammoaa nyɛ saa insulin (Insulin Resistance) no ho biribi. Eyi ne ɔkwan a abu so sen biara wɔ wiase. | Ɛtaa ba nnipa a wɔadi boro mfe 40 na wɔn mu duru boro so so. Nanso, esiane kɛseyɛ mmoroso nti, mprempren ɛrekɔ so wɔ mmerante ne mmabaa mpo mu. |
| Asikreyare a edi kan | Asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu no dɔɔso sen sɛnea ɛte daa, nanso ɛnnɔɔso sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛfrɛ no asikreyare. Eyi te sɛ kɔkɔbɔ. | Obiara a ɔwɔ asiane mu sɛ obenya asikreyare a ɛto so abien no wɔ asiane mu. Nsakrae a wɔyɛ wɔ asetra mu no betumi aboa ma asikreyare ankɔ so. |
| Asikreyare a Ɛwɔ Nyinsɛn Mu | Asikreyare tebea a ɛba bere tiaa bi a ɛnam nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae a ɛba bere a wɔyem nti. | Ɛba mmea a wɔyem mu. Saa tebea yi taa fi hɔ bere a wɔawo akokoaa no akyi. Nanso, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya asikreyare a ɛto so abien no kɔ soro akyiri yi. |
Ahorow afoforo a wɔntaa nhu
Wɔ saa ahorow titiriw yi akyi no, ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a wɔntaa nhu te sɛ ``Monogenic diabetes``, a awosu mu nneɛma na ɛde ba. Nnuru bi anaa aduruyɛ mu tebea afoforo nso betumi de asikreyare aba.
Dɛn ne asikreyare ho sɛnkyerɛnne? Woyɛ dɛn hu no?
Asikreyare ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi ayɛ soronko kakra a egyina asikreyare su so. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, asikreyare betumi aba a enni sɛnkyerɛnne biara.
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Asikreyare a ɛto so 1 ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba (ebetumi aba mpofirim) . | |
| Sɛ obi te nka sɛ sukɔm de wo dodo | Nkate a ɛne sɛ sukɔm renne wo ɛmfa ho sɛnea wobɛnom nsu no. |
| Nsu a wɔtaa tow | Ɛho hia sɛ wɔtaa tow nsu, titiriw anadwo. |
| Mu duru a ɛso tew a ntease biara nnim | Sɛ́ wobɛyɛ teateaa ɛmfa ho sɛ wudidi yiye no. |
| Ɔbrɛ ne ɔbrɛ a ɛboro so | Ɔbrɛ a ɛtra so a wɔte nka sɛ wonyɛ hwee mpo. |
| Anisoadehu a ɛyɛ kusuu | Ebinom sesa wɔn ani so, na wɔte nka sɛ wɔn ani nna hɔ. |
| Asikreyare a ɛto so abien ho sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo (a ɛtaa ba nkakrankakra) . | |
| Akuru a ɛkyɛ | Kuru ketewaa mpo gye bere ansa na ayɛ yiye. |
| Wora a ɛyɛ wo yaw | Ɛtaa yɛ no yaw, titiriw wɔ ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna mu. |
| Yeast Nyarewa a Wɔde Ma | Mmɔkaw a wɔtaa nya. |
| Nkwammoaa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw | Nsa ne anan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw anaasɛ ɛyɛ hyew. |
Mpɛn pii no, nyinsɛn mu asikreyare nni sɛnkyerɛnne biara, na ɛno nti na ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ asikreyare ho nhwehwɛmu bere a wɔyem no.
Nhwehwɛmu bɛn na wɔyɛ de hu sɛ wowɔ asikreyare anaa?
Sɛ wowɔ atifi hɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no bi, anaasɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu wɔ asikreyare a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn na woakɔhwɛ. Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu atitiriw pii wɔ hɔ a wɔde hu asikreyare.
- Mmuadadi Mogya Asikre (FBS) Nhwehwɛmu: Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ bere a wɔadi mmuada nnɔnhwerew 8-10 akyi (a wonnidi anaa wɔnnom biribiara a ɛnyɛ nsu).
- A1c Test (HbA1c): Eyi ma wunya adwene wɔ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu wɔ asram 2-3 a atwam no mu.
- Random Blood Sugar (RBS) Test: Nhwehwɛmu a wobetumi ayɛ bere biara wɔ da no mu.
- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT): Wɔfa mogya bere a wɔadi mmuada awie no, afei wɔnom anonne a asikre wom, na wɔsan fa mogya wɔ dɔnhwerew biako ne abien akyi de hwɛ sɛnea asikre dodow te.
Wo duruyɛfo no begyina nea ebefi nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi mu aba so ahu sɛ ebia wowɔ asikreyare anaasɛ asikreyare a edi kan.
Asikreyare a wɔde sa yare ne nea wɔde di dwuma
Wɔnnya nnyaa asikreyare ano aduru biara. Nanso, sɛ wɔde ayaresa a ɛfata ne asetra mu nsakrae , wotumi di so yiye na wubetumi atra ase a ahoɔden wom a ɔhaw biara nni ho. Botae atitiriw a ɛwɔ ayaresa mu ne:
- Asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu a wɔbɛma akɔ so ayɛ nea wɔahyɛ da ayɛ.
- Mogya mmoroso ne srade dodow a wɔbɛhyɛ so.
- Akwahosan ho haw afoforo (ani, asaabo, ntini mu haw) a ebetumi aba esiane asikreyare nti a wobesiw ano.
Ɛsono akwan a wɔfa so sa yare no gyina asikreyare ko a wowɔ so.
1. Nnuru a wɔde di dwuma
- Insulin: Ɛsɛ sɛ obiara a ɔwɔ asikreyare a ɛto so abien ne nnipa binom a wɔwɔ asikreyare a ɛto so abien nom insulin a wɔde twitwiw wɔn.
- Nnuru a Wɔnom: Wɔ asikreyare a ɛto so abien ho no, nnuruyɛfo kyerɛw nnuru te sɛ metformin. Eyinom boa nipadua no ma ɛde insulin di dwuma yiye anaasɛ ɛma insulin pii.
2. Aduan a Ɛma Apɔwmuden
Aduan a wodi yɛ ade a ɛho hia yiye wɔ asikreyare ano aduru mu. Asikre ne anonne a asikre wom, ne nnuan a starch wom (abodoo, aburow) betumi ama asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu no akɔ soro ntɛmntɛm.
- Nneɛma pa a ɛsɛ sɛ wodi:Nnuadewa, nnuaba (bisa wo duruyɛfo), atoko, aburow a wɔayam, nam a ɛnyɛ den, ne mpataa.
- Nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wotew so: Asikre, anonne a ɛyɛ dɛ, nnuan a ngo ne srade pii wom, nkyene, nnuan a wɔayɛ ho adwuma.
3. Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ
Anyɛ yiye koraa no, sɛ woteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu simma 30 da biara, te sɛ nantew a ɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm anaa asuguare, anyɛ yiye koraa no nnafua 5 dapɛn biara a, ebetumi ama wo nipadua no ayɛ n’ade wɔ insulin ho. Ebetumi nso aboa wo ma woadi wo mu duru so. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa ansa na woafi apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ nhyehyɛe biara ase.
So wobetumi asiw asikreyare a ɛto so abien ano?
Yiw, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wubetumi! Bere a wontumi nsiw asikreyare a ɛto so abien ano no, nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ de atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya asikreyare a ɛto so abien no so .
- Kura mu duru a ɛfata mu. Sɛ wo mu duru boro so a, bɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛtew wo mu duru so kakra.
- Di aduan a ahoɔden wom.
- Yɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa.
- Sɛ wonom sigaret a, gyae.
- Sɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ asiane mu a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn kɔhwehwɛ afotu.
Sɛ wuhia ayaresa ntɛm esiane asikreyare ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara nti a, ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo no Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) .
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Asikreyare nyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wosuro, ɛyɛ tebea a wobetumi adi ho dwuma yiye.
- Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wudi w’aduan, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, ne ayaresa nhyehyɛe akyi sɛnea wo duruyɛfo akyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ.
- Hwɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no yiye. Sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa a, hwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara.
- Hwɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu ne mogya mmoroso daa.
- Wubetumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya asikreyare a ɛto so abien no so, titiriw denam asetra a ahoɔden wom so.
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