So wo duruyɛfo akyerɛw wo aduru bi a ɛbɛma wo mogya ansiw? Nnipa binom frɛ eyi sɛ ‘mogya a ɛma obi yɛ mmerɛw’. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu ne ehu nka kakra bere a wote aduru yi ho asɛm no. Nsɛmmisa te sɛ "So mogya no begyae sɛ metwa me nsa anaa me nan a?" ebia ɛbɛba w’adwene mu. Nanso saa aduru yi yɛ biribi a ebetumi agye wo nkwa ankasa. Ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛka saa nnuru a ɛma mogya yɛ mmerɛw yi ho asɛm, anaa `Anticoagulants`, wɔ ɔkwan tiawa bi so a wubetumi ate ase.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne nnuru a ekum mogya a ɛtwetwe mogya yi?
Nnuru a ekum mogya a ɛtwetwe mogya no yɛ nnuru ahorow bi a ɛtew tumi a wo mogya tumi tu no so. Wɔboa wo nipadua no ma mogya a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw no tew, anaasɛ wɔmma mogya a ɛtɔ foforo no ntumi nkɔ. Eyinom nyɛ nnuru a wɔde sa yare kɛkɛ.
- Nnuru a wɔnom
- Sɛ́ aduru a wɔde twitwiw nipadua mu (Injections) .
- Sɛ nsu a wɔde ma ntini bi mu (Intravenous - IV) .
Saa nnuru yi wɔ ahorow pii, te sɛ: Wɔtaa de nnuru yi di dwuma de siw tebea horow a emu yɛ den a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu te sɛ akisikuru, komayare, ne ahurututu mu ntini a ɛma mogya tu no ano na wɔsa.
Dɛn nti na yehia aduru a ɛte sɛɛ?
Fa no sɛ woatwitwa wo nsa anaa wo nan ketewaa bi. Bere bi akyi no, mogya no gyae. Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛba saa? Ɛyɛ nea mogya no mu yɛ den nti. Eyi yɛ ade a ɛyɛ nwonwa a yɛde bɔ yɛn ho ban wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Saa adeyɛ yi ma mogya a ɛboro so a efi kuru bi mu no gyae na kuru no fi ase sa.
Nanso, ɔhaw no fi ase bere a mogya a ɛtwetwe yi ba a ɛho nhia, wɔ mmeae a ɛmfata, kyerɛ sɛ, wɔ mogya ntini mu no. Sɛ mogya a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛba saa kwan yi so ne mogya no tu kwan na ɛkyere mogya ntini teateaa bi a ɛwɔ amemene, koma, anaa ahurututu mu a, dɛn na ɛba ? Afei mogya a ɛkɔ akwaa a saa ntini no de ma no gyae, na saa akwaa no fi ase yɛ adwuma yiye na ɛsɛe. Eyi ne ade a asiane wom sen biara.
Eyinom yɛ tebea horow a emu yɛ den sen biara a ebetumi aba esiane mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ saa kwan yi so nti no bi.
| Tebea a asiane wom | Nea ɛba ara kwa |
|---|---|
| Nnwodwoɔ | Mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ amemene no mu na esiw mogya ntini ketewaa bi a ɛwɔ hɔ no kwan. Eyi betumi ama amemene mu nkwammoaa awuwu. |
| Ahurututu mu Ntini a Ɛyɛ Fɛ (PE) . | Mogya a ɛtwetwe no siw mogya ntini kɛse bi a ɛkɔ ahurututu mu no kwan. Eyi yɛ tebea a emu yɛ den yiye, a ebetumi akum obi. |
| Koma a Ɛyare | Mogya a ɛtwetwe no siw ntini a ɛma mogya kɔ koma no mu no. Eyi nso sɛe koma ntini no. |
Hena na wɔkyerɛw saa aduru yi ma no kɛse?
Nnuruyɛfo kyerɛw saa `Anticoagulants` yi ma nnipa a wɔwɔ asiane mu sɛ wobenya tebea horow a ɛyɛ hu a yɛaka ho asɛm wɔ atifi hɔ no. Ayaresa mu tebea horow a ɛde wɔn to asiane mu no bi ni:
- Atrial Fibrillation: Eyi ne bere a koma no atifi adan abien (atria) no ntumi ntwitwiw yiye, na mmom ɛbɔ a ɛnkɔ so daa, te sɛ nea ɛrewosow. Sɛ eyi ba a, mogya ntumi nkɔ yiye, na hokwan kɛse wɔ hɔ sɛ mogya a ɛbɛtɔ wɔ saa adan no mu. Sɛ mogya mu ntini yi tetew fi koma no mu na etu kwan kɔ amemene no mu a, ebetumi ama obi anya akisikuru.
- Koma mu Ntini Oprehyɛn: Sɛ wɔde koma no mu ntini sesa, titiriw no, wɔde mfiri a ɛma mogya tu sesa a, asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ mogya a ɛbɛtɔ wɔ abon no ani. Saa aduru yi ho hia na wɔasiw eyi ano.
- Hip anaa Knee Replacement: Sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn akɛse te sɛ eyinom akyi a, asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ mogya bɛtu wɔ nan no ntini a emu dɔ no mu. Yɛfrɛ saa tebea yi `Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT).` Pulmonary Embolism ba bere a mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ nan no mu no bubu na ɛkɔhyɛ ahurututu mu no.
- Mogya a Ɛtwetwe: Nnipa binom wɔ awosu mu su a ɛma mogya tu. Nnipa a wɔte saa nso hia saa aduru yi.
Nnuru ahorow a ekum mogya a ɛtwetwe mogya ne sɛnea ɛyɛ adwuma
Nnuru ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a ekum mogya a ɛtwetwe mogya. Ahorow biara siw mogya a ɛtwetwe no kwan wɔ akwan horow so. Momma yɛnhwɛ ahorow atitiriw no.
Nnuru a Wɔnom
1. Warfarin a wɔde di dwuma
Eyi yɛ aduru a akyɛ a ɛyɛ adwuma denam tumi a nipadua no ntumi mfa vitamin K, vitamin a ɛho hia ma mogya a ɛtwetwe no nni dwuma no so.
Asɛnnennen kɛse a ɛwɔ warfarin ho ne sɛ ɛsono ne dodow kɛse wɔ onipa biara mu na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ so pɛpɛɛpɛ.Sɛ wɔma dodow a wɔde ma no kɔ soro kakra a, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ mogya bɛtu no kɔ soro, na sɛ wɔtew so a, wontumi nsiw mogya a ɛbɛtɔ no ano yiye. Enti, ɛsɛ sɛ nnipa a wɔnom `Warfarin` no yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu (`INR test`) daa de hwɛ sɛ dodow a wɔde ma no teɛ anaa.
2. Nnɛyi nnuru (Direct Oral Anticoagulants - DOACs) .
Eyinom yɛ nnuru foforo koraa. Nnuru te sɛ `Dabigatran`, `Rivaroxaban`, `Apixaban` yɛ saa kuw yi dea. Mfasoɔ kɛseɛ a ɛwɔ yeinom so ne sɛ ɛnhia sɛ wɔtaa yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu te sɛ `Warfarin`. Wɔde wɔn ani si enzymes pɔtee bi a ɛka mogya a ɛtwetwe no ho (e.g. `Thrombin` anaa `Factor Xa`) so na wogyae wɔn dwumadi.
Nnuru a Wɔde Injectable ne IV
Heparin ne nnuru a ɛka ho
Wɔtaa de eyinom di dwuma wɔ ayaresabea ahorow bere a ɛho hia sɛ wonya nea efi mu ba ntɛm no. `Heparin` yɛ adwuma denam abɔde mu protein (`Antithrombin`) bi a ɛma mogya tu wɔ yɛn nipadua mu a ɛmma mogya nkɔ, na ɛma mogya a ɛtwetwe no gyae no so. `Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin (LMWH)` yɛ eyi fã a ɛkɔ akyiri, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔde bɛma, na ɛtɔ mmere bi mpo a wɔde di dwuma wɔ fie.
Dɛn ne nsunsuanso bɔne ne asiane ahorow a ɛwom?
Asiane titiriw ne nea wɔhwɛ kwan sɛ ɛwɔ nnuru biara a ekum mogya a ɛtwetwe mogya mu ne mogya a ɛbɛtɔ . Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ saa nnuru yi hwɛ mogya a ɛtwetwe no so. Enti, opira ketewaa bi mpo betumi ama mogya atɔ no kakra asen sɛnea ɛte daa.
Nanso, nnuru bi betumi anya ɔhaw afoforo a ɛfa wɔn pɔtee bi ho.
| Aduru ko a wɔde yɛ | Nneɛma bɔne titiriw a ɛda nsow |
|---|---|
| Warfarin a wɔde di dwuma |
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| Heparin a wɔde di dwuma |
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| DOACs (nnɛyi nnuru) . |
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Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn? - wei ye adee a ewo se wohunu ampa!
Sɛ́ obi a ɔnom saa aduru yi no, ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye paa. Efisɛ ebia worenhu mogya a ɛretu wo wɔ wo mu mpo. Enti hwɛ yiye paa wɔ nneɛma a edidi so yi ho.
| Nneɛma a egye ntɛmpɛ ne tebea horow a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu | |
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| Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa. | |
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| Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, kɔ ayaresabea bi Dwumadibea a Ɛhwɛ Nneɛma a Ɛho Hia Ntɛmntɛm (ETU) ntɛm ara! | |
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Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛka akyerɛ oduruyɛfo ne ntini ho oduruyɛfo biara a ɔsa wo yare sɛ worenom aduru a ekum mogya a ɛtwetwe mogya. Ɛho hia sɛ wobɔ eyi amanneɛ ansa na wɔayi wo sẽ mpo.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Nnuru a ɛma mogya tu yɛ nnuru bi a egye nkwa a ɛbɔ wo ho ban fi tebea horow a emu yɛ den te sɛ ɔyare a ɛma mogya tu ne komayare ho. Enti nsuro nnuru yi.
- Hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛnom dodow a wɔakyerɛw ama wo no, wɔ bere a wɔakyerɛw ama wo no mu, sɛnea wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo no. Mma nnhu da koro mpo.
- Esiane sɛ asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ mogya bɛtu bere a worenom aduru yi nti, hwɛ yiye sɛnea wubetumi biara wɔ dwumadi ahorow a ebetumi ama obi ahwe ase na wapira, ne agumadi a asiane wom ho.
- Sɛ mogya tu wo soronko, wo ho tɔ wo, anaasɛ wo ti apira a, hwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara a ɛnntwentwɛn wo nan ase .
- Ansa na wubefi ase anom nnuru foforo biara (a nnuru a wɔde kum ɛyaw ka ho) no, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo sɛ worenom nnuru a ekum mogya a ɛtwetwe mogya, efisɛ nnuru bi betumi ne eyinom adi nkitaho.
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