Mogya a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu no betumi ayɛ hu kakra ama obiara. Nanso so wunim sɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a mogya betumi akɔ wo nsu mu, mpo kakraa bi ma ɛyɛ den sɛ wubehu? Ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛka sɔhwɛ bi a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye, nanso ɛho hia yiye a ɛhwɛ sɛ mogya "ahintaw" a aniwa nhu no ho asɛm.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne fecal occult blood test (FOBT)?
Bere a ebia edin no bɛyɛ te sɛ nea nyansahu de kakra no, nokwarem no, ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ no yɛ mmerɛw koraa. Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) yɛ nhwehwɛmu a wɔde nnuru di dwuma de hwehwɛ mogya nketenkete a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu a ɛyɛ ketewaa dodo sɛ wode aniwa betumi ahu. Asɛmfua "Occult" a ɛwɔ ha no kyerɛ "wɔde asie." Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ɛhwehwɛ mogya a yentumi mfa aniwa nhu.
Saa nhwehwɛmu yi betumi ahu sɛ mogya wɔ wo nsu mu nkutoo. Nanso entumi nkyerɛ baabi pɔtee a mogya no fi. Fa no sɛ sɔhwɛ no aba yɛ "Positive". Eyi kyerɛ sɛ mogya wɔ wo nsu mu. Eyi betumi afi nneɛma nketenkete a enyin (polyps) wɔ wo dwensɔtwaa anaa wo akyi berɛmo mu. Ɛtɔ mmere bi nso a ebetumi ayɛ kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo! Ɛnsɛ sɛ eyi yɛ biribi a anibere wom bere nyinaa. Ebetumi nso afi akwahosan ho tebea nketenkete bi mu aba.
Dɛn na ɛde mogya ba nsu mu?
Nneɛma pii betumi ama mogya aba nsu mu, a wotumi hu ne nea wontumi nhu. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ.
| Ntease a ebetumi aba | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛnyɛ den |
|---|---|
| Polyps a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu | Eyinom betumi ayɛ nea ɛnyɛ hu anaasɛ ɛyɛ hu. Wobetumi ama mogya atu. |
| Akisikuru a ɛma obi ho yɛ hyew | Mogya ntini a atwa akyi berɛmo no ho ahyia no a ɛho ahonhon. Eyinom betumi apira na mogya atu bere a wɔretu dwensɔtwaa no. |
| Anal mu mpaapaemu | Mpaapaemu nketenkete a ɛwɔ honam ani a atwa akyi berɛmo no ho ahyia no mu. Eyinom taa ba wɔ tebea horow te sɛ akisikuru mu. |
| Nkwammoaa a ɛba dwensɔtwaa mu ne akuru | Mogya betumi atu esiane nyarewa anaa akuru a ɛwɔ aduan mu nneɛma mu nti. |
| Yare a Ɛma Ɔyare a Ɛyɛ Ɔhyew | Sɛ nhwɛso no, tebea horow te sɛ akisikuru a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa ne Crohn yare betumi ama dwensɔtwaa no mu nneɛma asɛe na mogya atu. |
| Diverticular yare a ɛma obi nya diverticular yare | Nkotoku nketewa a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo no fasu mu. Eyinom betumi atu mogya sɛ wonya ɔyare no a. |
Ɛtɔ da bi a mogya a ɛwɔ nsu mu no tumi yɛ kɔkɔɔ a ɛhyerɛn. Mmere foforo nso ebetumi ayɛ tuntum a ɛyɛ tuntum. Wɔfrɛ eyi melena. Nanso, FOBT nhwehwɛmu no ho hia na ama wɔahu mogya a aniwa ntumi nhu.
Akwan bɛn na wɔfa so yɛ sɔhwɛ yi?
Akwan titiriw pii wɔ hɔ a wɔfa so yɛ FOBT sɔhwɛ. Ne nyinaa hwehwɛ sɛ wobɛboaboa wo nsu mu nsu bi ano na woasɔ ahwɛ.
1. Guaiac Kaad Nhyehyɛe (Guaiac FOBT - gFOBT) .
Wɔ eyi mu no, wo duruyɛfo no bɛma wo krataa titiriw bi. Nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ara ne sɛ, bere a woayɛ wo dwensɔtwaa ahorow nna kakraa bi awie no, fa afiri ketewaa bi fa wo nsu mu nsu ketewaa bi na wode si baabi a wɔakyerɛ wɔ krataa no so no. Mpɛn pii no, wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ fa nnansa nhwɛsode. Afei, ɛsɛ sɛ wode kaad no kɔ lab anaa wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn.
2. Nnuru a ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa FOBT (FIT) .
Eyi yɛ ɔkwan foforo a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kɛse. Nea ɛka ho ne sɛ wobɛboaboa nsu a ɛwɔ nsu mu bi ano wɔ afiri titiriw bi a wotaa nya mu. Eyi yɛ mmerɛw sen ɔkwan a na wɔfa so yɛ kan no. Ɛhwehwɛ nso sɛ wɔmfa anohyeto pii mma aduan ne anonne ansa na wɔayɛ sɔhwɛ no.
3. Flushable Reagent Pad Ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ adwuma
Eyi yɛ kit a wubetumi atɔ wɔ nnurutɔnbea a wunhia nnuru a wɔakyerɛw ama wo. Wɔ eyi mu no, bere a woakɔtow wo ho awie no, ɛsɛ sɛ wode pad anaa ntini titiriw bi a wɔde nnuru bi akata so gu tiafi kuruwa no mu. Sɛ mogya wɔ nsu no mu a, pad no kɔla bɛsesa. Wubetumi ayɛ eyi bɛyɛ nnansa na woabɔ nea afi mu aba no ho amanneɛ akyerɛ wo duruyɛfo.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛsɛ sɛ wusiesie wo ho ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ?
Ahosiesie a woyɛ no ka sɛnea sɔhwɛ yi mu aba no yɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ no kɛse. Enti, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wubedi oduruyɛfo no akwankyerɛ akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ. Titiriw sɛ woreyɛ gFOBT kwan no a, ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ saa nneɛma yi so nna abien kosi abiɛsa ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ no.
Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa ansa na woayɛ biribiara na woadi n’akwankyerɛ akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ.
- Nnuan a ɛsɛ sɛ wokwati:
- Nnuaba ne nhabannuru bi a wɔannoa (e.g. radishes, broccoli) .
- Nam kɔkɔɔ (te sɛ nantwinam, abirekyi nam. Ɛnyɛ hwee sɛ wubedi akokɔ ne mprako nam) .
- Nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛto ano hye:
- Nnuan, anonne, ne nnuru a vitamin C pii wom (nnom bɛboro miligram 250 da biara) .
- Nnuru a worenom:
- Ɛyaw nnuru bi (e.g., aspirin, ibuprofen) ne iron a wɔde ka ho betumi de atoro aba. Enti, ka nnuru a wonom nyinaa ho asɛm kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Ɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ ebia ɛsɛ sɛ wugyae nom nna kakraa bi ansa na wɔayɛ sɔhwɛ no anaa. Nnyae nnuru biara a wobɛnom da a wunni kan mmisa wo duruyɛfo.
Mpɛn pii no wɔkamfo kyerɛ sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no, wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi pɛnkoro afe biara wɔ mfe 45. Eyi ho hia titiriw sɛ woanyɛɛ wo colonoscopy, a ɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ kokoram wɔ akyi berɛmo mu a.
Dɛn na nea efi mu ba no ka?
Eyi ne asɛmmisa kɛse a obiara wɔ. Ma yɛnhwɛ sɛnea yɛbɛkyerɛ nea efi mu ba no ase.
Sɛ nea efi mu ba no yɛ papa a
"Positive" kyerɛ sɛ na mogya wɔ wo nsu mu nhwɛsode no mu. Mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu bere a wote eyi no. Eyi nkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ kokoram. Nea ɛkyerɛ ara ne sɛ ehia sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii na ama wɔahu nea ɛde mogya no ba. Afei, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu te sɛ colonoscopy. Eyi betumi ahwɛ wo dwensɔtwaa nyinaa mu ahu baabi pɔtee a mogya no fi ne nea ɛde ba.
Sɛ nea efi mu ba no yɛ nea enye a
"Negative" kyerɛ sɛ na mogya biara nni nsu a wɔde yɛɛ nhwehwɛmu no mu. Eyi yɛ asɛmpa. Nanso, ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na mogya tu kokoram anaa akisikuru bi. Enti, ɛnyɛ papa sɛ wobɛtwɛn akosi sɛ nea ebefi mu aba no bɛda adi na woanyɛ nhwehwɛmu bio. Ɛho hia sɛ wosan yɛ nhwehwɛmu bio wɔ bere a wɔahyɛ no mu, sɛnea wo duruyɛfo kamfo kyerɛ no.
So atoro positive/negatives bi wɔ hɔ?
Yiw, ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɛno betumi asi.
- Atoro Positive (a ɛkyerɛ sɛ mogya biara nni mu): Eyi betumi asi sɛ woyɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ wo brayɛ mu, sɛ mogya wɔ wo nsu mu, sɛ wowɔ akisikuru a apaapae na mogya retu a. Ebetumi nso afi nnuan ne nnuru bi mu aba.
- False Negative (a ɛkyerɛ sɛ mogya nni hɔ):Esiane sɛ ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na mogya tu akisikuru anaa kokoram ahorow bi nti, sɛ woantumi annye mogya wɔ nna a wofaa nhwɛsode no mu a, eyi betumi aba.
Ɛno nti na ɛho hia sɛ wodi oduruyɛfo no akwankyerɛ so pɛpɛɛpɛ na wosan yɛ nhwehwɛmu no wɔ bere a wɔahyɛ no mu no.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) yɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den a wɔde hwɛ sɛ mogya a ahintaw wɔ nsu mu a aniwa ntumi nhu anaa.
- Eyi yɛ nhwehwɛmu a wɔde hwehwɛ nyarewa te sɛ kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu ntɛm ara kwa.
- Mma ɛnhaw wo sɛ nea efi mu ba no yɛ "Positive." Ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wɔahu yare no, na mmom ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii na ama wɔahu nea ɛde ba.
- Sɛ wubenya nea efi mu ba no pɛpɛɛpɛ a, di oduruyɛfo no akwankyerɛ a ɛfa aduan, anonne, ne nnuru ho no akyi yiye ansa na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu no.
- Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm bi a ɛhaw wo wɔ eyi ho a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nsusuw ho pefee.
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