Sɛ wo duruyɛfoɔ ka kyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔfrɛ no `Flow Cytometry` a, ebia wobɛsuro kakra berɛ a wote din no. Ebia woresusuw ho sɛ, "Dɛn ne sɔhwɛ a wɔato din anwonwakwan so yi?" Nanso ɛho nhia sɛ yesuro. Ɛnyɛ nea ɛyɛ den anaasɛ ɛyɛ hu sɛnea ebia wubesusuw no. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu titiriw bi a wɔyɛ wɔ aduruyɛdan mu a ɛhwɛ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no kɔ akyiri yiye. Momma yɛnka ho asɛm pefee na ɛnyɛ den.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne `Flow Cytometry`?
Fa no sɛ wowɔ nhwiren a ɛsono ne kɔla ahorow akuwakuw. Ɛsɛ sɛ wokan na wotetew nea ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ nkutoo ne nea ɛyɛ bruu nkutoo mu. Saa sɔhwɛ yi a wɔfrɛ no `Flow Cytometry` yɛ ade koro no ara, nanso sɛ́ anka ɛbɛyɛ nhwiren no, ɛde nkwammoaa a efi yɛn nipadua mu na edi dwuma.
Eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ a wɔde mfiridwuma a ɛkɔ anim yiye di dwuma. Nea woyɛ wɔ ha ne sɛ wɔde nkwammoaa a efi mogya, nnompe mu ntini, anaa ntini a wɔagye afi wo mu no gu nsu mu na wɔde kɔ afiri titiriw bi mu . Saa afiri yi hwehwɛ saa nkwammoaa no mu mmiako mmiako, ntɛmntɛm yiye. Saa afiri yi tumi hwehwɛ nkwammoaa bɛyɛ 10,000 mu wɔ simma biako pɛ mu.
Nnuruyɛfo de sɔhwɛ yi di dwuma titiriw ma nneɛma te sɛ:
- Count cells: Kan nkwammoaa pɔtee bi dodow pɔtee a ɛwɔ nhwɛsode bi mu.
- Nkwammoaa a wɔahyehyɛ: Tetew nkwammoaa ahorow mu na kyerɛ wɔn ho wɔn ho.
- Hwɛ sɛnea nkwammoaa no yɛ wɔn ade ne sɛnea wɔyɛ adwuma: Hwɛ sɛ nkwammoaa no wɔ apɔwmuden ne sɛ nsakrae bi aba wɔn dwumadi mu anaa.
- Hwehwɛ mogya ne nnompe mu kokoram: Eyi ho hia yiye ma tebea horow te sɛ mogya mu kokoram ne lymphoma a wobehu na wɔayɛ ho nhyehyɛe.
- Hwehwɛ biomarkers: Kyerɛ nneɛma bi (markers) a ɛma wuhu sɛnea kokoram bi yɛ ade anaa sɛnea ɛyɛ n’ade wɔ ayaresa ho.
- Immunophenotyping: Kyerɛ nkwammoaa ahorow a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no mu.
Bere bɛn na wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ yi?
Wɔkamfo nhwehwɛmu yi kyerɛ bere a oduruyɛfo pɛ sɛ ohu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu no ho nsɛm pii no. Titiriw no, sɛ woahu biribi a ɛnteɛ wɔ nea efi mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa mu ba mu (Full Blood Count - FBC/CBC) a, wobetumi ahyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi sɛ anammɔn a edi hɔ. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ FBC amanneɛbɔ no kyerɛ sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa dodow akɔ soro, na ɛkyerɛ sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa a ennyinii wɔ hɔ a, nhwehwɛmu yi betumi ahwɛ eyi mu akɔ akyiri.
Tebea atitiriw pii wɔ hɔ a sɔhwɛ yi ho hia:
- Mogya mu kokoram: Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobehu tebea horow te sɛ mogya mu kokoram ne mogya mu kokoram na wɔahu ne su pɔtee.
- Mogya mu haw afoforo: Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobehu nyarewa bi a wɔntaa nhu, nanso emu yɛ den a efi mogya mu.
- Nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa no dwumadi: Wɔ tebea horow te sɛ HIV anaa awo mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye mu no, susuw nipadua mu nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa no dodow ne ne dwumadi.
- Wɔ kokoram ayaresa ho: Saa sɔhwɛ yi nso ho hia yiye sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ sɛnea kokoram bi te (sɛnea ɛyɛ basabasa), sɛ ebia ɛreyɛ n’ade wɔ ayaresa pɔtee bi ho, ne sɛ ebia yare no `san aba` wɔ ayaresa akyi anaa.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na `Flow Cytometry` sɔhwɛ no yɛ adwuma ankasa?
Ɛwom sɛ eyi din yɛ den de, nanso sɛ wote ase anammɔn biara a, ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ no yɛ mmerɛw yiye. Ɛbɛyɛ ahotɔ kɛse ama wo sɛ wubehu nea eyi bɛyɛ ama wo.
| Anamɔn a wɔfa so yɛ | Nea ɛba (kɛseɛ) . |
|---|---|
| 1. Nhwɛsode no a wobenya | Wo duruyɛfo no bɛfa wo mogya, nnompe mu ntini, anaa ntini bi na ɔde akɔma lab ma wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu. |
| 2. Nkwammoaa ho ahosiesie | Wɔ lab no, wɔde saa nkwammoaa nhwɛsode yi gu nsu mu. Afei, wɔde fluorescent dyes soronko "tagged" nkwammoaa ahorow pɔtee bi. Ɛte sɛ nea wode sticker ahorow a ɛwɔ kɔla ahorow bɛhyɛ nkwammoaa ahorow so. |
| 3. Wɔde hyɛ afiri no mu | Wɔde nkwammoaa a wɔde afrafra a wɔde aduru ayɛ yi hyɛ Flow Cytometer . |
| 4. Laser hann ne nhwehwɛmu | Afiri no de laser hann bi fa nkwammoaa no mu, mmiako mmiako, nnidiso nnidiso. Afiri no susuw ɔkwan a hann no fa so bɔ apete bere a ɛbɔ nkwammoaa biara no. Wobetumi de apete nhyehyɛe no adi dwuma de ahu nkwammoaa no su, ne kɛse, ne sɛnea ɛyɛ den. |
| 5. Data amanneɛbɔ | Wɔde kɔmputa hwehwɛ nsɛm a wɔanya no mu na wɔyɛ amanneɛbɔ bi wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mfonini ne nsɛm a wɔakyerɛw so. |
| 6. Amanneɛbɔ nkyerɛase | Oduruyɛfo bi a ɔyɛ saa adwuma yi, anaa ɔyare ho ɔbenfo , besua amanneɛbɔ yi ho ade, de wɔn nsɛm a wɔde baa awiei no aka ho, na ɔde amanneɛbɔ a edi mũ akɔma wo duruyɛfo. |
Adeɛ a ɛho hia paa ne sɛ saa adeyɛ yi nyinaa kɔ so wɔ lab no mu. Nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ara ne sɛ wode nhwɛsode no bɛma. Enti enhia sɛ wohaw wo ho wɔ saa afiri yi anaa ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ no ho.
Dɛn na nea efi mu ba no ka?
Ebia ebegye nna kakraa bi anaa dapɛn biako ansa na woanya nea efi mu ba. Ɔyare ho ɔbenfo no bɛhwɛ sɛnea agyiraehyɛde ahorow anaa antigen ahorow a ɛwɔ wo nkwammoaa no ani no yɛ adwuma titiriw.
- Nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden: Nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden wɔ agyiraehyɛde ahorow a ɛfata a ɛfata saa nkwammoaa no su ne onyin.
- Nkwammoaa a ɛnteɛ: Nkwammoaa a ɛnteɛ, te sɛ kokoram nkwammoaa, wɔ agyiraehyɛde ahorow a ɛyɛ soronko a ɛyɛ soronko.
`Pathologist` no siesie amanneɛbɔ no denam saa nhwɛso ahorow yi a ɔkyerɛ so.
Sɛ wo duruyɛfo nsa ka amanneɛbɔ yi a, ɔmfa nhwɛ kɛkɛ na osi gyinae. Ɔde toto wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne, w’akwahosan ho abakɔsɛm nyinaa, ne nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu biara a woayɛ nnansa yi ho . Ɛno ansa na ɔkyerɛkyerɛ nea nea efi mu ba no kyerɛ mu kyerɛ wo.
Nea efi mu ba a ɛnteɛ betumi akyerɛ tebea horow te sɛ:
- Leukemia a emu yɛ den a ɛma mogya tu
- Leukemia a ɛyɛ hu a ɛyɛ myeloid
- Leukemia a enni sabea a ɛma mogya tu
- Myeloma a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu pii
- Ntini a ɛma mogya tu a ɛnyɛ Hodgkin
Sɛ nea efi mu ba no nyɛ nea ɛfata a, dɛn na ɛba akyi?
Sɛ nneɛma bi a ɛnteɛ wɔ nea efi mu ba no mu a, wo duruyɛfo no ne wo bɛbɔ ho nkɔmmɔ kɔ akyiri na wakyerɛkyerɛ anammɔn a edi hɔ ne ayaresa a wobetumi apaw mu.
Nea efii saa `Flow Cytometry` sɔhwɛ yi mu bae no som bo yiye, efisɛ ɛma nsɛm a ɛho hia fa nneɛma te sɛ:
- Yare no mu yɛ den dɛn?
- So ayaresa pɔtee biara bedi nkonim?
- Asiane bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ yare no bɛsan aba bio wɔ ayaresa akyi?
Wɔnam nneɛma yi nyinaa a wosusuw ho so na ɛyɛ ayaresa nhyehyɛe a ɛfata wo yiye.
Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ehia sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii na ama wɔahu yare bi pɛpɛɛpɛ. Ebetumi ayɛ w’adwene ne honam fam ɔbrɛ ama wo. Nanso kae sɛ, nsɛm a wunya fi sɔhwɛ te sɛ `Flow Cytometry` mu no som bo kɛse ma wo duruyɛfo. Ɛnyɛ sɛ ɛboa ma wɔhunu yareɛ no nko, na mmom ɛboa nso ma wɔyɛ `personalized` ayaresa nhyehyɛeɛ a ɛyɛ wo pɔtee.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- `Flow Cytometry` nyɛ oprehyɛn anaa adeyɛ a ɛyɛ hu. Ɛyɛ sɔhwɛ titiriw a wɔyɛ wɔ lab a wɔde nhwɛsode bi a wɔfa fii wo hɔ di dwuma.
- Saa sɔhwɛ yi ma wonya wo nkwammoaa ho nsɛm a ɛkɔ akyiri yiye, a ɛho hia titiriw wɔ mogya mu kokoram ne nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa ho haw ahorow a wobehu mu.
- Nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ara ne sɛ wode mogya bi te sɛ mogya bɛma. Nea aka no si wɔ lab no mu.
- Sɛ wo nsa ka wo sɔhwɛ amanneɛbɔ a, mmɔ mmɔden sɛ w’ankasa wobɛkenkan na woate ase. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka ho asɛm bere nyinaa. Ɔno na ɔbɛma nea ebefi mu aba no ne wo tebea no ahyia, akyerɛkyerɛ mu pefee, na wabɔ wo amanneɛ wɔ anammɔn a edi hɔ no ho.
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