Asaabo yɛ yɛn nipadua mu akwaa a ɛyɛ nwonwa sen biara no mu biako. Wɔte sɛ super cleaning system a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Wɔyi nwura a yɛmpɛ a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu no fi hɔ, yi nsu a ɛboro so no fi mu, na wɔyi fi mu sɛ nsuo. Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a asaabo a ɛsom bo yi nso yare. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka yareɛ bi a nnipa bebree nte ho asɛm, nanso ɛbɛtumi apira nipadua no komm. Ɛno ne Glomerulonephritis.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne Glomerulonephritis (GN)?
Eyi yɛ din tenten a ɛyɛ nwonwa, nanso ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye sɛ wobɛte ase. Glomerulonephritis yɛ tebea a ɛka asaabo. Wɔ yɛn asaabo mu no, mfiri nketenkete a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wɔde yiyi mogya mu ɔpepem pii wɔ hɔ. Yɛfrɛ eyinom glomeruli. Fa no sɛ ntokuru nketenkete a ɛwɔ tii a wɔde yiyi mu mu. Wɔ yare bi a wɔfrɛ no glomerulonephritis mu no, saa nsu nketenkete yi sɛe na ɛhohoro.
Sɛ saa filters yi sɛe a, entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ wontumi nyi nwura ne nsu a ɛho nhia mfi nipadua no mu yiye. Sɛ tebea yi mu yɛ den kakra a, ebetumi mpo ama asaabo ayɛ adwuma yiye . Nanso asɛmpa no ne sɛ, mpɛn pii no, wobetumi asa yare yi mfiase koraa denam ayaresa so.
Enti dɛn na ɛkɔ so ankasa wɔ saa Glomeruli (filters) yi mu?
Yɛn asaabo no mu biara wɔ saa nneɛma nketenkete a wɔde yiyi mu a wɔfrɛ no glomeruli yi bɛyɛ ɔpepem biako. Eyinom yɛ mogya ntini a ɛyɛ fɛ yiye (capillaries) a wɔaboaboa ano. Wɔn adwuma titiriw ne sɛ wobeyi nwura ne nsu a ɛboro so a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu no afi hɔ. Eyi ne ade a edi kan na ɛho hia sen biara wɔ ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ nsu mu. Enti susuw ho hwɛ, sɛ biribi to saa nhyehyɛe a wɔde yiyi nneɛma mu yi so a, anka yɛn nipadua nyinaa tew ho nhyehyɛe no bɛsɛe, ɛnte saa?
So yare yi ahorow atitiriw bi wɔ hɔ?
Yiw, wobetumi akyekyɛ yare yi mu ayɛ no ahorow abien titiriw a egyina sɛnea ɛba so.
1. Acute Glomerulonephritis: Eyi fi ase mpofirim.
2. Glomerulonephritis a Enni sabea: Eyi yɛ tebea a emu yɛ den yiye a ɛba nkakrankakra. Ebetumi atra hɔ mfe pii.
Ebia nnipa binom benya tebea bi a ɛba mpofirim (a emu yɛ den), na afei ebetumi abɛyɛ nea enni sabea wɔ mfe pii akyi bere a asa no.
Dɛn ne Glomerulonephritis ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?
Ade a ɛyɛ hu paa wɔ saa yare yi ho ne sɛ nnipa pii nkyerɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara mfiase no. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ebia wonnim mpo sɛ wɔwɔ saa yare yi. Nanso, sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi ampa a, ebetumi ayɛ sɛnea wɔakyerɛ wɔ pon a ɛwɔ ase ha no mu no.
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛnyɛ den |
|---|---|
| Mogya a ɛwɔ nsu mu | Nsu betumi ayɛ bruu tuntum (te sɛ tii nsu), pink, anaa kɔkɔɔ. |
| Anim ne anan a ɛho ahonhon | Sɛ mesɔre anɔpa a, ɛte sɛ nea m’ani ne m’anim ahonhon. Awiabere no, me nan ne me nansoaa hohoro. |
| Nsu a ɛyɛ ahurututu | Sɛ wode ahurututu ne samina ahuru pii tow wo ho a, ebetumi aba sɛ protein ne nsu no retu. |
| Mogya Nhyɛso a Ɛkɔ Anim | Sɛ asaabo ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye a, mogya mmoroso tumi kɔ soro. |
| Nsakrae a ɛba mpɛn dodow a wɔtow nsu mu | Ebia wobɛtow nsu kakraa bi anaa pii asen sɛnea wotaa yɛ no. |
| Nneɛma afoforo a ɛwom | Akisikuru, honam ani akisikuru, ahome a ɛyɛ den, nkwaa anaa yafunu mu yaw, aduan ho akɔnnɔ a ɛyera, ne mu duru a ɛso tew. |
Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛkɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a. Ɛwom sɛ tebea afoforo nso betumi de saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi aba de, nanso ɛho hia sɛ wuhu nea ɛde ba ankasa.
Dɛn nti na yare a ɛte sɛɛ ba? Dɛn na ɛde ba?
Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ den sɛ wobehu nea ɛde eyi ba pɔtee, nanso wɔahu sɛ ebetumi afi aduruyɛ mu tebea horow bi ne ɔyare mmoawa bi mu aba.
| Ntease a ebetumi aba | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Nyarewa a wɔde nyarewa ba | Strep throat betumi aba sɛ ɔhaw a efi nyarewa te sɛ HIV, hepatitis C, ne ɔyare mmoawa endocarditis mu ba. |
| Nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa ho haw ahorow | Yɛn nipadua no ankasa nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no di mfomso tow hyɛ nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw a ɛwɔ asaabo mu no so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, lupus. |
| IgA Ntini mu Nyarewa | Yare a efi nipadua mu nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa a wɔfrɛ no Immunoglobulin A (IgA) a ɛkɔ asaabo mu no mu ba. |
| Mogya ntini mu nyarewa | Nyarewa bi a wɔntaa nhu (e.g. granulomatosis with polyangiitis) betumi ama mogya ntini ahonhon, na ebetumi asɛe asaabo no. |
| Nneɛma afoforo nti | Ebetumi nso afi kokoram ahorow bi mu (e.g. multiple myeloma) na, ɛntaa nsi koraa no, awosu mu nneɛma a ɛde ba a wɔde kɔ awo ntoatoaso ahorow mu. |
Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ebetumi afi glomerulonephritis mu aba?
Sɛ wɔansa yare yi yiye a, ebetumi asɛe asaabo no kɔ so na ɛde ɔhaw ahorow a emu yɛ den aba.
- Asaabo mu Yare a Enni sabea (CKD): Asaabo dwumadi so tew nkakrankakra.
- Mogya mmoroso (Hypertension): .Esiane sɛ asaabo no boa ma wodi mogya mmoroso so nti, sɛ asɛe a, nhyɛso no kɔ soro.
- Asaabo a Ɛnyɛ Yiye: Eyi betumi asi ntɛm anaa mfe pii. Wɔ eyi mu no, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ asaabo no gyae adwumayɛ koraa.
- Nephrotic Syndrome: Tebea a protein a ɛdɔɔso dodo wɔ nsu mu na ɛde ba, na ɛma obi hohoro na srade a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no kɔ soro.
- Mogya a ɛtɔ: Asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ mogya a ɛbɛtɔ wɔ nan no ntini mu (Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT) anaa ahurututu mu (Pulmonary Embolism - PE) no kɔ soro.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo tumi hu yare yi pɛpɛɛpɛ?
Mpɛn pii no, wohu yare yi wɔ akwanhyia mu. Ɛne sɛ, bere a wɔreyɛ yare foforo ho nhwehwɛmu no. Sɛ wo duruyɛfo gyina wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so susuw sɛ saa yare yi a, obetumi de wo akɔ asaabo ho ɔbenfo nkyɛn. Wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow a edidi so yi de si so dua sɛ wɔahu yare no.
| Sɔhwɛ | Dɛn na wuhu wɔ eyi mu? |
|---|---|
| Nsuo mu Nhwehwɛmu | Wɔhwɛ nsu no mu sɛ mogya (mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ) anaa protein anaa. |
| Mogya mu Nhwehwɛmu | Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu no kyerɛ sɛnea creatinine, ade fĩ a asaabo no yi fi mu no dodow te. Sɛ saa dodow yi dɔɔso a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ asaabo no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye. |
| Asaabo mu Nhwehwɛmu | Wɔde ade a wɔde fa ade di dwuma de yi ntini ketewaa bi fi asaabo no mu na wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ mu. Eyi ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so ahu nea ɛde yare no ba ankasa. |
| Mfoninitwa Sɔhwɛ ahorow | Ultrasound, X-ray, anaa CT scan nhwehwɛmu hwɛ sɛnea asaabo no mu akwanside biara wɔ kɛse, ne nsusuwii, ne sɛnea ɛwɔ hɔ. |
Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa eyi?
Ayaresa no gyina nea ɛde yare no ba ne baabi a asaabo no sɛe no so. Botae titiriw a ɛwɔ ayaresa mu ne sɛ wɔbɛma asaabo no asɛe bio na wɔakora ne dwumadi so.
- Nea ɛde ba no a wɔbɛsa: Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ mogya mmoroso na ɛde tebea no ba a, wɔbɛma nnuru a wɔde besiw nhyɛso no ano. Sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi na ɛde ba a, wɔbɛma wɔn nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa.
- Nsakrae a ɛba w’aduan mu: Ebia wo duruyɛfo betu wo fo sɛ to nnuan a nkyene ne protein pii wom, a ɛde ɔhaw kɛse ba w’asaabo so no ano hye.
- Nnuru a ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa: Sɛ ɔhaw bi a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no mu na ɛde yare no ba a, wɔde nnuru yi ma na ama wɔatumi asiw saa nhyehyɛe no dwumadi so.
- Corticosteroids: Eyinom boa ma asaabo no mu ɔfe so tew.
- Dialysis: Eyi ne ɔkwan a wɔfa so tew mogya no ho denam afiri mmoa so sɛ asaabo no yɛ mmerɛw dodo sɛ ɛbɛyɛ n’adwuma a.
- Nnuru a ɛma nsu fi nipadua no mu: Wɔde eyinom ma de yi nsu a ɛboro so fi nipadua no mu na ɛtew ɔfe so.
- Plasmapheresis: Eyi yɛ ɔkwan titiriw a wɔfa so yi protein a epira fi mogya no mu.
So wobetumi asiw glomerulonephritis ano?
Nokwarem no, ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a wɔada no adi sɛ wɔbɛfa so asiw yare yi ano. Nanso, asetra a ahoɔden wom a wubedi ne suban ahorow bi a wobɛfa no betumi atew asiane no so.
- Di aduan a ɛkari pɛ. Tew nneɛma a wɔde yɛ nneɛma ne nnuan a wɔayɛ ho adwuma so sɛnea wubetumi biara.
- Sɛ wowɔ mogya mmoroso a , di so yiye denam aduan a nkyene nnim, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, ne nnuru a wo duruyɛfo akyerɛw ama wo no a wobɛnom pɛpɛɛpɛ so.
- Sɛ wowɔ asikreyare , di so yiye.
- Siw nyarewa ano. Fa ahotew pa di dwuma. Sɛ wunya biribi te sɛ menewa mu yare (strep throat) a, mmu w’ani ngu so na kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara kɔhwɛ wo.
- Kwati sɛ wobɛkɔ so de nnuru te sɛ nnuru a wɔde kum ɛyaw adi dwuma a wunkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.
Sɛ wɔahu sɛ wowɔ Glomerulonephritis a, ɛho hia sɛ wohwɛ w’asaabo daa, fa w’aduru sɛnea wo duruyɛfo kyerɛ wo, na wohwɛ w’aduan so.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Glomerulonephritis (GN) yɛ yare a ɛsɛe nneɛma a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛwɔ asaabo no mu no. Ɛtaa sɛe nipadua no komm.
- Hwɛ yiye wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ nsu a ɛyɛ tumm, anim anaa anan a ɛho ahonhon, ne nsu a ɛyɛ ahurututu ho. Nanso kae sɛ nnipa pii nhu yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara.
- Sɛ wɔsa menewam yare (te sɛ strep throat) ntɛm a, ebetumi aboa ma wɔasiw asaabo a ɛsɛe akyiri yi ano.
- Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu wɔ asaabo mu yare, sɛ wowɔ asikreyare anaa mogya mmoroso a, ɛho hia paa sɛ wokɔ aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu daa.
- Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ yare no a, di aduan ne nnuru ho akwankyerɛ a wo duruyɛfo de ama wo no akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ na ama woabɔ w’asaabo ho ban.
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