Momma yensua pii fa Hepatitis C. Sɛnea ɛka wo mmerɛbo komm no ho

So woate Hepatitis C ho asɛm pɛn? Ebia yiw, ebia dabi. Ɛyɛ mmoawa a wowia wɔn ho kɔ wo nipadua mu na ɛsɛe wo mmerɛbo. Nnipa pii nnim mpo sɛ wɔwɔ bi efisɛ mfiase no ɛnkyerɛ sɛnkyerɛnne biara. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, ayaresa pa wɔ hɔ ma no mprempren!

Dɛn ne Hepatitis C?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Hepatitis C yɛ yare a mmoawa bi a wɔtow hyɛ yɛn mmerɛbo so na ɛde ba. Sɛ saa mmoawa yi a wɔfrɛ no Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) no hyɛn yɛn mmerɛbo mu a, ɛde ɔfe ba. Te sɛ sɛ yenya kuru a, ɛho ahonhon. Saa ɔfe yi sɛe mmerɛbo no nkakrankakra. Mpɛn pii no, sɛ wɔansa no yare a, n’ankasa renyɛ yiye. Bere kɔ so no, mmerɛbo no betumi asɛe kɛse. Nanso asɛmpa bi wɔ hɔ! Seesei nnuru foforo bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi asa Hepatitis C. Ɔhaw no ne sɛ nnipa pii nkyerɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne na wonnim sɛ wɔwɔ bi.

Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no?

Ade a ɛho hia ni. Nnipa dodow no ara nkyerɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara! Ɛno ne yare yi fã a ɛyɛ hu sen biara. Nanso, nnipa binom betumi ada sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi adi bere a mmoawa no hyɛn nipadua no mu na nipadua no fi ase ko tia no, kyerɛ sɛ, wɔ ‘acute’ fã no mu.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den

Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi nso betumi ayɛ te sɛ atiridiinini a ɛtaa ba no. Hwɛ:

• Ɛte sɛ nea yafunu mu yɛ wo yaw.
• Nsu a ɛyɛ tumm, ebia nsu a ɛyɛ hare
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛte sɛ atiridii anaa atiridiinini te sɛ atiridiinini, nipadua mu yaw, akisikuru, ne ɔbrɛ
• Wora a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ ne aniwa fitaa. Yɛsan frɛ eyi sɛ ‘jaundice’.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛba bere tenten (Chronic) .

Afei, sɛ wunni sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a emu yɛ den a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no a, ebia worente hwee nka mfe pii. Eyi ne nea yɛfrɛ no hepatitis C ‘a enni sabea’ Nanso, bere a mmerɛbo no fi ase nyɛ adwuma yiye nkakrankakra no, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ eyinom betumi ada adi:

• Nsɛnkyerɛnne a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no nyinaa (te sɛ yafunu mu yaw, yafunu mu yare) betumi asan aba bio.
• Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, na mmom wobetumi de nneɛma foforo afoforo nso aka ho:
• Mogya a ɛwɔ nsu mu anaa mogya a ɛfe
• Mogya a ɛtaa tu, na ɛdan bruu esiane akuru ketewaa bi mpo nti
• Ɛyaw a wontumi nnyina ano wɔ nipadua no nyinaa so
• Nsateaa no te sɛ nea ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ anaasɛ ɛyɛ tuntum.
• Spider angiomas (mogya ntini nketenkete a ɛte sɛ akɔre a ɛwɔ honam ani) .
• Nsuo ahyɛ yafunu no ma na yafunu no hohoro (yɛfrɛ yei `(Ascites)`) .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na eyi kɔ obi nkyɛn?

Eyi yɛ asɛm a nnipa pii bisa. Hepatitis C nam mogya so titiriw na ɛde ba . Ɛne sɛ, sɛ obi a ɔwɔ Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) mogya hyɛn obi foforo nipadua mu a, ɛkɔ. Fa no sɛ ɛte sɛ nnade a wɔde twitwiw nnubɔne a wɔkyɛ.Wɔbɔ amanneɛ sɛ eyi ne ɔkwan titiriw a wɔfa so de eyi kɔ wiase mmeae pii.

Nanso akwan foforo wɔ hɔ a wobetumi afa so atrɛw:

• Akokoaa betumi anya hepatitis C afi ɛna a ɔwɔ bi hɔ (bere a ɔyem anaa bere a ɔrewo).
• Bere bi a atwam no, na nkurɔfo nam mogya a wɔde ma a wɔansɔ anhwɛ yiye so nya ɔyare no. Nanso seesei saa asiane no so atew koraa, efisɛ wɔsɔ mogya hwɛ yiye bere a wɔde ma no.
• Ɛtɔ da bi a, wɔ ayaresabea mpo no, sɛ wɔde nnwinnade a wɔankum no yiye di dwuma a, wobetumi afa mogya so akɔ (nanso eyi nso ho yɛ na yiye mprempren).
• Wubetumi anya ɔyare no denam nnwinnade a wɔmfa nnuru nhyɛ mu yiye a wode bedi dwuma de ayɛ tattoo anaa nipadua a wobɛbɔ no so . Ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye paa wɔ eyi ho.
• Ebia sɛ wo ne obi foforo kyɛ razor anaa toothbrush a mogya ayɛ no fĩ a. Fa no sɛ worekyɛ nneɛma a ɛte sɛɛ akyerɛ wo nnamfo wɔ ɔdan a wɔda mu, ɛnte saa? Asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ wunya mogya fi kuru ketewaa bi mu a.

Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ, sɛ wunni sɛnkyerɛnne biara mpo na wunnim sɛ wowɔ hepatitis C a, wubetumi akɔ so atrɛw. Nanso kae sɛ ɛnam mogya nkutoo so na ɛtrɛw. Ɛnyɛ nneɛma te sɛ nnompe, fifiri, nsa a wɔkyere, anaa aduan a wɔkyɛ so na ɛtrɛw.

Sɛ wunya hepatitis C a, dɛn na ɛto wo?

Hepatitis C nka obiara wɔ ɔkwan koro so. Wɔ nnipa binom fam no, bɛyɛ 100 biara mu 30 , wɔn ankasa nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yi mmoawa no fi hɔ bere a wodi kan nya bi (ɔfã a emu yɛ den no). Eyi betumi agye asram pii. Nanso, wɔ nnipa pii fam (bɛyɛ 100 biara mu 70) no, eyi ankasa nsi. Bere a wɔde asram pii ako akyi no, awiei koraa no nipadua no nya ɔyare mmoawa no a ɛkɔ so tra hɔ, a wonim no sɛ ɔyare mmoawa a ‘ɛyɛ daa’.

Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ɛba bere a obi anya hepatitis C bere tenten no?

Hepatitis C a enni sabea kyerɛ sɛ wo mmerɛbo no kɔ so yɛ hyew. Eyi te sɛ mmerɛbo mu yare a enni sabea. Saa ɔfe a ɛkɔ so yi sɛe wo mmerɛbo nkakrankakra wɔ mfe pii mu. Akuru ba mmerɛbo no mu, na ɛmma entumi nyɛ adwuma sɛnea ɛsɛ. Wɔfrɛ saa tebea yi sɛ akisikuru . Eyi ne tebea a nnipa pii suro. Sɛ mmerɛbo mu yare no mu yɛ den a, mmerɛbo no betumi adi nkogu koraa (mrɛbo no di huammɔ a enni sabea).

Cirrhosis ne mmerɛbo a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye betumi de nsɛnnennen foforo aba, te sɛ:

• Nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro wɔ mogya ntini a ɛne mmerɛbo no wɔ abusuabɔ mu (Portal Hypertension) .
• Mmɛn mu Kokoram

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu eyi?

Sɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ mmerɛbo mu yare, anaasɛ wowɔ mmerɛbo mu yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Oduruyɛfo no bɛhwɛ wo na wahwɛ sɛ woahohoro, w’ani ayɛ kɔkɔɔ, ne nneɛma afoforo anaa.

Ɛno akyi no, wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu mpɛn pii . Wɔn titiriw ne:

• Nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa nhwehwɛmu: Eyi hwɛ wo mogya mu sɛ ebia nipadua no mu nkwammoaa a ɛko tia hepatitis C mmoawa no anaa. Sɛ eyi yɛ papa a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ woanya hepatitis C pɛn.
• RNA nhwehwɛmu: Sɛ antibody nhwehwɛmu no yɛ ``positive`` a, wɔyɛ saa nhwehwɛmu yi akyi. Ɛhwɛ sɛ mmoawa no da so ara yɛ adwuma wɔ wo nipadua mu anaa. Ɛne sɛ, ebetumi akyerɛ sɛ ebia wo nipadua no ankasa ayi mmoawa no afi hɔ, anaasɛ woda so ara wɔ ɔyare no bi.
• Genotype test: Anyɛ yiye koraa no, hepatitis C mmoawa no genotypes atitiriw asia na ɛwɔ hɔ. Saa sɔhwɛ yi betumi akyerɛ wo virus ko a wowɔ. Eyi bɛboa wo duruyɛfo ma wapaw ayaresa a eye sen biara ama wo.
• Mmerɛbo dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu (LFTs): Eyinom hwɛ sɛnea wo mmerɛbo no nyinaa te.

Sɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ ɛka wo mmerɛbo a, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu afoforo na wɔakɔ so ahwehwɛ sɛnea wo mmerɛbo no asɛe no mu. Nhwɛso biako ne ultrasound scan a wɔfrɛ no Transient Elastography (Fibroscan) . Eyi betumi asusuw sɛnea mmerɛbo no ayɛ den, anaasɛ baabi a akuru/fibrosis no kodu.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow no?

Eyi yɛ asɛmpa ankasa! Mprempren ayaresa a etu mpɔn yiye wɔ hɔ a wɔde sa hepatitis C. Nea wɔde di dwuma titiriw ne nnuru a ‘ɛyɛ adwuma tẽẽ a ekum ɔyare mmoawa’ (DAA) . Eyinom yɛ nnuru a wɔnom sɛ nnuru a wɔde yɛ nnuru. `DAA` nnuru ahorow bɛboro dumien na ɛwɔ hɔ a ɛyɛ adwuma tia mmoawa no ahorow.

Nnuru a wɔtaa kyerɛw ma no bi ni (eyinom na oduruyɛfo na ɔkyerɛw ma):

• `Elbasvir/grazoprevir (Zepatier®)`
• `Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (Mavyret®)`
• ``Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (Harvoni®)''.
• ``Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (Epclusa®)'' a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ hu so.
• ``Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir (Vosevi®)''.

Ebia ɛbɛyɛ den ama wo sɛ wobɛkae saa aduru yi, nanso oduruyɛfo no bɛpaw aduru a ɛfata ama wo.

Sɛ woanya hepatitis C akyɛ na wo mmerɛbo asɛe kɛse a, ebia wubehia ayaresa afoforo. Wobetumi asan nneɛma a asɛe no bi, nanso ebinom ntumi nyɛ saa. Ebia ɛho behia nso sɛ wosa mmerɛbo mu yare afoforo a ɛde ba. Saa `DAA` ayaresa yi taa di asram abien kosi asia. Wɔ nnipa binom mu no, ebetumi akyɛ.

So ayaresa no mu nsunsuanso bɔne bi wɔ hɔ?

Nnipa dodow no ara nnya nsunsuanso bɔne akɛse mfi saa `DAA` nnuru yi mu, nanso nnipa binom betumi anya nsunsuanso nketenkete.

• Yafunu mu yaw kakra
• Ayamtuo
• Ɔbrɛ
• Tipaeɛ
• Abofono
• Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɛyɛ den kakra sɛ wobɛhome

Sɛ biribi te sɛ eyi si a, ɛsɛ sɛ woka kyerɛ oduruyɛfo no.

Dɛn bio na metumi ayɛ de abɔ me mmerɛbo ho ban?

Sɛ wowɔ mmerɛbo mu yare a, nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ na amma mmerɛbo no ansɛe bio. Eyinom ho hia ma mmerɛbo mu yare biara, ɛnyɛ hepatitis C nkutoo.

• Sɛ wonom nsa a, ɛsɛ sɛ wugyae koraa anaasɛ wotew so kɛse. Nsã yɛ ɔtamfo ma mmerɛbo.
• Sɛ wonom sigaret a, bɔ mmɔden sɛ wubegyae ɛno nso.
• Sɛ woannya nnuru a wɔde bɔ Hepatitis A ne Hepatitis B ho ban no a, gye. Efisɛ mmerɛbo a Hepatitis C ayɛ no dedaw no betumi ayɛ den sɛ wobedi ho dwuma sɛ onya hepatitis foforo a.
• Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nni nkitaho daa na di n’akwankyerɛ akyi yiye.

So wuntumi mmɔ wo ho ban mfi hepatitis C ho?

Ɔkwan biako pɛ a wobɛfa so abɔ wo ho ban afi eyi ho ne sɛ wobɛkwati mogya a ɔyare mmoawa wom . Mprempren wonni aduru biara a wɔde bɔ hepatitis C. Nyansahufo reyɛ ho nhwehwɛmu, nanso esiane sɛ mmoawa yi ahorow pii wɔ hɔ na ɛsakra ntɛmntɛm nti, ɛyɛ den kakra sɛ wɔbɛyɛ aduru a wɔde bɔ wɔn ho ban a ɛyɛ adwuma ma obiara.

Enti, ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ yiye wɔ akwan a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no ho:

• Sɛ wode nnubɔne di dwuma a, nkyɛ nnade. (Nokwarem no, eye sɛ wobɛtwe wo ho afi nnubɔnenom ho koraa.)
• Sɛ woreyɛ tattoo anaa woreyɛ wo nipadua mu a, paw mmeae a wode nnwinnade foforo a wɔahyɛ no aduru nkutoo na edi dwuma .
• Mfa afoforo ahwehwɛ anaa brɔs a wɔde sew sẽ nni dwuma.

Dɛn ne nkɔmhyɛ a ɛfa hepatitis C ho?

Yɛadi kan aka sɛnea nnipa binom, a wɔwɔ mmoawa no mfiase (acute phase) no, wɔn ankasa betumi anya ahoɔden ho asɛm. Nanso wɔ nnipa pii fam no, ɛbɛyɛ ɔyare mmoawa a enni sabea. Sɛ wunnya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne anaasɛ wunim sɛ wowɔ bi mpo a, hepatitis C a enni sabea kɔ so sɛe wo mmerɛbo bere kɔ so. Ɛno nti na ɛho hia sɛ wokɔhwɛ wo daa no.

Nanso, sɛ wuhu sɛ wowɔ bi pɛ a, biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wohaw wo ho wɔ ho. Efisɛ wobetumi de nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a ɛwɔ hɔ mprempren no asa hepatitis C yare dodow no ara koraa! Ɛmfa ho bere tenten a woanya yare no, wobetumi asa.

Nanso, wɔ nnipa binom fam no, bere a wɔasa hepatitis C akyi mpo no, ebia mmerɛbo no mu ɔhaw ahorow bi (titiriw akisikuru) no rentumi nsakra. Nnipa a wɔanya yareɛ no mfeɛ 20-30 no mu bɛyɛ 20% betumi anya saa ɔsɛeɛ a wɔrentumi nsakra yi.

Ebia ɛbɛyɛ wo nwonwa na ɛhaw wo bere a wuhu sɛ wowɔ hepatitis C. Ebia worente nka sɛ woyare koraa, na ebia wunnim ɔkwan a woyɛɛ anaa bere a wunyae mpo. Nanso nim a wubehu sɛ wowɔ no ye sen sɛ wunnim. Hepatitis C yɛ yare a wotumi sa. Na sɛ wohu na wɔsa no ntɛm a, ebetumi agye wo mmerɛbo no afi ɔhaw a ɛbɛkyɛ mu.

Kae ade a ɛho hia sen biara (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, enti, sɛnea yɛaka ho asɛm no, eyinom ne nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae:

• Hepatitis C yɛ mmoawa a ɛsɛe mmerɛbo no. Mpɛn pii no , ɛnkyerɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne mfiase no.
• Ɛdenam mogya a ɔyare mmoawa wom a wɔwe so titiriw. Wobetumi nso nam nneɛma te sɛ nnade a wɔkyɛ ne nnwinnade a wɔmfa nnuru nhyɛ mu a wɔde yɛ tattoo/piercings so nso.
• Seesei ayaresa a etu mpɔn yiye wɔ hɔ ma eyi (`DAA` nnuru). Wobetumi asa no koraa wɔ asram kakraa bi mu.
• Sɛ wususuw sɛ ebia na wowɔ asiane mu, anaasɛ wowɔ mmerɛbo mu yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwɛ wo.
• Sɛ wohu na wɔsa no ntɛm a, wobetumi asiw mmerɛbo no a ɛsɛe kɛse (cirrhosis, kokoram) ano.
• Mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu! Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wɔbɛbɔ wo amanneɛ na wɔadi aduruyɛ mu afotu a ɛfata akyi.

Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa foforo bi fa eyi ho a, nfɛre na bisa wo duruyɛfo. Kɔ so nya apɔwmuden!

` Hepatitis C, mmerɛbo, mmoawa, sɛnkyerɛnne, ayaresa, ɔyare mmoawa, cirrhosis, HCV, mmerɛbo mu yare