Nea ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu fa Lymphoma ho - Momma yɛnkasa!

So woanya akuru nketenkete wɔ wo nipadua so pɛn, titiriw wɔ mmeae te sɛ wo kɔn, wo nsateaa, ne w’asen? Anaasɛ woate nka pɛn sɛ woabrɛ kɛse na woayɛ mmerɛw a ntease biara nnim? Saa nneɛma yi betumi asi wɔ atiridiinini a ɛtaa ba mpo mu. Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi ayɛ kokoram bi a wɔfrɛ no lymphoma ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Enti, ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka nea lymphoma yɛ, sɛnea ɛkɔ so, nea ɛkyerɛ, ne sɛ ebia ayaresa bi wɔ hɔ anaa.

Dɛn ankasa ne Lymphoma?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, lymphoma yɛ kokoram a ɛba yɛn ntini mu . Te sɛ mogya ntini no, yɛn nipadua no wɔ akwan pa a wɔfrɛ no lymphatic system. Ne dwumadi titiriw ne sɛ ɛbɛbɔ yɛn nipadua ho ban afi nyarewa ho, kyerɛ sɛ, ɛbɛko atia mmoawa. Ntini a ɛma mogya tu, ntini a ɛma mogya tu, ne akwaa afoforo pii na ɛka bom yɛ saa ntini a ɛma mogya tu yi.

Wɔfrɛ nkwammoaa soronko bi a ɛwɔ saa ntini a ɛma mogya tu yi mu no lymphocytes . Eyinom yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa bi ankasa. Lymphoma ba bere a saa ntini mu nkwammoaa yi fi ase nyin wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so, a wontumi nni so no. Te sɛ nwura no, saa nkwammoaa yi nyin dodo na ɛbom ma ɛyɛ akisikuru. Wobu eyi nso sɛ mogya mu kokoram, efisɛ efi ase wɔ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa mu.

Lymphoma ahorow atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ:

1. Hodgkin mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu

2. Ntini a ɛnyɛ Hodgkin lymphoma

Wɔ saa ahorow abien yi akyi no, ahorow nketewa afoforo bɛboro 70 na ɛwɔ hɔ. Lymphoma ahorow bi yɛ nea ano yɛ den yiye , bere a afoforo nso yɛ nea ɛnyɛ den koraa. Nea eye sen biara ne sɛ mpɛn pii no, wobetumi adi lymphoma so (wɔayi afi hɔ) anaasɛ wɔde ayaresa asa no koraa. Obiara betumi anya lymphoma, efi mmofra nkumaa so kosi mpanyimfo so. Nanso wɔ asɛm yi mu no, yɛbɛka lymphoma a ɛwɔ mpanyimfo mu ho asɛm titiriw.

So lymphoma yɛ yare a abu so?

Dabi, lymphoma nyɛ yare a abu so kɛse sɛ wɔde toto kokoram ahorow afoforo ho a. Sɛ nhwɛso no, Amerika Kokoram Fekuw no hwɛ kwan sɛ wobehu nnipa foforo bɛyɛ 89,000 wɔ United States wɔ afe 2023. Bere koro no ara mu no, wɔka nso sɛ nnipa bɛyɛ 236,740 na wɔanya ahurututu mu kokoram. Enti, ɛte sɛ nea lymphoma ho yɛ na koraa.

Hena na asiane kɛse wom sɛ obenya lymphoma?

• Non-Hodgkin lymphoma taa ba nnipa a wɔadi fi mfe 60 kosi 80. Mmarima taa nya bi sen mmea.
• Hodgkin lymphoma betumi anya nnipa a wɔadi fi mfe 20 kosi 39 ne nnipa a wɔadi boro mfe 65. Ɛtaa ba mmarima so kakra nso.

Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛtaa ba wɔ lymphoma ho?

Mpɛn pii no, lymphoma ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi ayɛ te sɛ nyarewa afoforo a emu nyɛ den pii de. Nsuro sɛ wubesusuw sɛ wowɔ lymphoma esiane sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi nti. Nanso, sɛ wuhu nsakrae anaa sɛnkyerɛnne foforo bi a ɛnkɔ wɔ adapɛn kakraa bi akyi a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwehwɛ afotu.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ebia ɛtaa ba Hodgkin ne nea ɛnyɛ Hodgkin lymphoma nyinaa mu bi ne:

• Ɔhonhon a ɛyaw nnim: Ntini biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a ɛwɔ kɔn, asen, anaa asen mu a ahonhon na ɛnkɔ wɔ adapɛn kakraa bi akyi. Ebia eyinom bɛte nka sɛ akuru nketenkete a wotumi te nka wɔ nsa mu.
• Ɔbrɛ a ɛkɔ so: Ɔbrɛ ne ɔbrɛ a ɔte nka da mũ no nyinaa, bere a wada yiye mpo akyi.
• Atiridii a ɛsan ba: Atiridii a ɛboro Fahrenheit 103 (Celsius 39.5) bɛboro nna abien, anaa atiridii a ano brɛ ase na afei ɛsan ba.
• Anadwo fifiri a ɛyɛ nwini: Fifiri a ɛba anadwo bere a wada araa ma ntama ne ntade no yɛ nsu.
• Dyspnea: Nkate a ɛma wo koko mu yɛ den, te sɛ nea wuntumi nhome.
• Wo mu duru a ɛso tew a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu: Wo mu duru nyinaa mu bɛyɛ 10% a wobɛtew wɔ asram 6 mu, a wunni aduan anaa apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ biara.

Nea ɛho hia: Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a, ɛnkyerɛ ankasa sɛ wowɔ lymphoma. Nanso, ɛda so ara hia sɛ wohwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu.

Dɛn na ɛde lymphoma ba?

Lymphoma fi awosu mu nsakrae (nsakrae) a ɛba mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa a ɛwɔ lymphatic system no mu, na ɛma ɛbɛyɛ kokoram nkwammoaa a enyin ntɛmntɛm a wontumi nni so. Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ den sɛ yebehu nea ɛde awosu mu nsakrae yi ba ankasa. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wɔtaa ba ara kwa .

Nanso, nhwehwɛmu ada no adi sɛ tebea horow ne ɔhaw ahorow bi betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya lymphoma no ayɛ kɛse. Eyinom bi ne:

• Sɛ woanya ɔyare mmoawa bi te sɛ HIV (onyare mmoawa a ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa) , Epstein-Barr mmoawa (yare mmoawa a ɛde mononucleosis anaa atuu yare ba) , anaa Kaposi sarcoma human immunodeficiency virus , anaasɛ wowɔ mprempren a.
• Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu anya lymphoma (abusua abakɔsɛm).
• Sɛ wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ mmerɛw esiane nyarewa afoforo anaa nnuruyɛ nti. Sɛ nhwɛso no, nnipa a wɔde wɔn akwaa foforo ahyɛ wɔn nsa no nom nnuru a wɔfrɛ no immunosuppressants na ama nipadua no annye akwaa a wɔde ahyɛ wɔn nsa no. Saa nnuru yi ma nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ mmerɛw.
• Sɛ wowɔ yare bi a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa , eyi yɛ tebea a wo nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no di mfomso tow hyɛ w’ankasa wo nipadua so sen sɛ ɛbɛbɔ wo ho ban.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu sɛ obi anya lymphoma?

Nnuruyɛfo titiriw yɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow pii de hu sɛ obi anya lymphoma.

1. Nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu: Hwɛ sɛ ebia sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a yɛaka ho asɛm wɔ atifi hɔ no te anaa. Hwɛ sɛ ntini a ɛma mogya tu ne akwaa te sɛ akyi berɛmo no ahonhon anaa.

2. Biopsy: Eyi ne nhwehwɛmu a ɛho hia sen biara a wɔde si so dua sɛ lymphoma. Wogye ntini ketewaa bi fi ntini a ahonhon anaa ntini foforo a ɛyɛ adwenem naayɛ mu na aduruyɛ mu ɔyare ho ɔbenfo de afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ mu . Eyi ne nea ɛbɛkyerɛ wo pɛpɛɛpɛ sɛ ebia kokoram nkwammoaa wɔ hɔ anaa, na sɛ ɛte saa a, lymphoma ko a ɛyɛ.

Sɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi kyerɛ sɛ lymphoma a, nnuruyɛfo bɛyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu foforo ne mfoninitwa nhwehwɛmu de ahu tebea no ho nsɛm pii na wɔayɛ ayaresa ho nhyehyɛe.

Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu

• Mogya dodow a edi mũ (CBC) a nsonsonoe wom: Eyi hwɛ nneɛma te sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, ne mogya mu nkwammoaa dodow.
• Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR): Eyi boa ma wonya adwene wɔ ɔfe a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no ho.
• Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH): Saa dodow yi betumi akɔ soro bere a nkwammoaa renyin/rewuwu ntɛmntɛm no.
• Mmɛn ne asaabo dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu.
• Serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP): Eyi ho hia na wɔahwehwɛ protein ahorow a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so (M proteins) a ɛba wɔ lymphomas bi mu.

Mfoninitwa sɔhwɛ ahorow

• CT scan (Computed tomography - CT scan): Wobetumi de eyi ahwɛ sɛ ebia ntini a ɛma mogya tu, akyi berɛmo, anaa akwaa afoforo ahonhon, ne sɛ ebia kokoram no atrɛw anaa.
• PET scan (Positron emissions tomography - PET scan): Eyi boa kɛse wɔ mmeae a kokoram nkwammoaa wɔ a wobehu mu. Wɔtaa yɛ PET scan de ka CT scan ho . Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔde MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scan nso di dwuma.

Sɛ wowɔ non-Hodgkin lymphoma , wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo mfa nhu awosu mu nkwaadɔm ne protein pɔtee bi a ɛfa ho.

Dɛn ne nnuru a wɔde sa lymphoma?

Ɛsono sɛnea wɔsa lymphoma a egyina lymphoma ko a obi wɔ so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wowɔ lymphoma bi a ano yɛ den yiye a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo nea wɔfrɛ no active surveillance anaasɛ wwɛn a wobɛtwɛn ansa na woafi ayaresa ase no akyerɛ wo. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ w’akwahosan ne lymphoma no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so yiye, na wonfi ase sa yare kosi sɛ yare no mu bɛyɛ den kɛse.

Ayaresa a wɔtaa de sa lymphoma ne:

• Nnuru a wɔde sa yare
• Mframa a wɔde sa yare
• Ayaresa a wɔde wɔn ani asi so
• Nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa
• CAR T-nkwaboaa ayaresa
• Stem cell anaa nnompe mu ntini a wɔde si ananmu

Ebia wo duruyɛfo nso bɛkamfo ayaresa a ɛma obi ho dwo no akyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ w’ayaresa nhyehyɛe no fã. Eyi boa wo ma wudi ayaresa ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne nsunsuanso bɔne ho dwuma. Nea ɛka ho nso ne nkate fam mmoa ne awerɛkyekye a wɔde bɛma.

Dɛn ne ayaresa no mu nsunsuanso bɔne?

Lymphoma ayaresa betumi de ɔhaw ahorow aba. Esiane sɛ ɛsono sɛnea obiara yɛ n’ade wɔ ayaresa koro no ara ho nti, ɛho hia sɛ wubisa wo duruyɛfo no nsunsuanso bɔne a ɛwɔ w’ayaresa no mu ne sɛnea wubedi ho dwuma ho asɛm.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn atumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya lymphoma no so?

Nhwehwɛmufo da so ara reyɛ nneɛma a ebetumi ama obi anya lymphoma mu nhwehwɛmu. Ntease bi wɔ hɔ a enti ɛsɛ sɛ yegye di sɛ mmoawa ahorow bi ne abusua abakɔsɛm betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya lymphoma no ayɛ kɛse. Sɛ wususuw sɛ ebia wubetumi anya lymphoma esiane w’ayaresa ho abakɔsɛm anaa w’abusua abakɔsɛm nti a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka ho asɛm.

Anidaso bɛn na obi a ɔwɔ lymphoma betumi anya?

Wo nkɔmhyɛ ne nea wubetumi ahwɛ kwan bere a woawie ayaresa no. Eyi gyina nneɛma pii so, te sɛ lymphoma ko a wowɔ, mfe a woadi, ne w’akwahosan nyinaa. Nanso, mpɛn pii no, ayaresa betumi ama lymphoma no agyae anaasɛ mpo asa koraa. Remission kyerɛ sɛ wunni lymphoma ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara na wontumi nhu lymphoma ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara wɔ nhwehwɛmu ahorow mu.

Nanso, lymphoma a ɛrekɔ so no betumi asan aba bio. Sɛ wowɔ lymphoma a ɛregyae a, ɛho behia sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn kɔhwɛ wo daa. Wo duruyɛfo bɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu de ahwɛ sɛ ebia lymphoma ho sɛnkyerɛnne bi wɔ hɔ anaa. Nsɛnkyerɛnne yɛ nneɛma a wote nka na wubetumi aka ho asɛm. Nsɛnkyerɛnne ne nsakrae a ɛba nneɛma mu a wobetumi de mogya mu nhwehwɛmu asusuw ho, te sɛ atiridiinini ne mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa dodow.

Dɛn ne sɛnea wɔsa lymphoma?

Sɛ yɛka ne nyinaa bom a, nsɛm a wɔanya no kyerɛ sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ Hodgkin lymphoma no mu 89% ne nnipa a wonni Hodgkin lymphoma no mu 74% te ase mfe anum wɔ bere a wɔahu no akyi.

Saa nkwagye dodow yi yɛ akontaabu a egyina akuw a wɔwɔ yare koro no ara osuahu so. Wɔmfa bere tenten a obi bɛtra ase a ɔwɔ lymphoma ho akontaabu pɔtee mma. Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa eyi ho a, bisa wo duruyɛfo.

Sɛ mewɔ lymphoma a, ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ dɛn hwɛ me ho?

Sɛ wowɔ lymphoma a, ebetumi aboa wo kɛse sɛ wobɛyɛ nhyehyɛe de atra ase. Saa nhyehyɛe yi bɛboa wo wɔ bere a edi kan a wɔde sa yare no mu, ne nsrahwɛ a wobedi akyi no nso. Nneɛma bi a ɛsɛ sɛ wususuw ho bere a woreyɛ wo nhyehyɛe no ni:

• Hwehwɛ sɛnea lymphoma ayaresa bɛka wo da biara da asetra. Afei mubetumi asi gyinae sɛ ebia wuhia mmoa wɔ fie anaa bere a wobɛkɔ akɔgye ayaresa.
• Di aduan a ɛkari pɛ. Fa nam a ɛnyɛ den, nhabannuru, aburow a wɔayam, ne yogurt ka w’aduan ho. Kokoram ayaresa betumi ama wahwere aduan ho akɔnnɔ. Sɛ eyi ba a, wo ne aduan ho ɔbenfo nkasa mfa akwan horow a wobɛfa so anya aduannuru a wuhia na ama woanya ahoɔden bere a woreyɛ ayaresa no.
• Gye bere ma wo ho. Yɛ nneɛma te sɛ journaling, nnwom tie, bere a wode bɛtra abɔnten. Kokoram a wobɛtra ase no yɛ adwennwen. Nneɛma te sɛ adwennwen ne ahomegye apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ betumi aboa ma adwennwen so atew.
• Nya apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ kakra. Nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ betumi atew ɔbrɛ ne adwennwen so na ama nnipa a wɔwɔ lymphoma asetra atu mpɔn.
• Kokoram betumi ayɛ osuahu a ɛma obi yɛ ankonam. Ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wobɛka wo yare no ho asɛm akyerɛ w’abusuafo ne wo nnamfo. Bisa wo duruyɛfo no nnwuma ne nhyehyɛe ahorow a ebetumi aboa wo ho asɛm.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Hwɛ wo duruyɛfo bere biara a wususuw sɛ wo lymphoma ho sɛnkyerɛnne no reyɛ kɛse, anaa bere biara a wuhia mmoa a wode bedi ayaresa no mu nsunsuanso bɔne ho dwuma.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu?

Kokoram ayaresa pii ka wo nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wo kokoram ayaresa no betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya nyarewa no ayɛ kɛse. Nsɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi a ebia ɛbɛhwehwɛ sɛ wokɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ mu ni:

• Atiridiinini a ɛyɛ 100.3 Fahrenheit (39.5 Celsius) anaa nea ɛboro saa.
• Awɔw a ɛyɛ nwini.
• Ɔfe a ɛsow aba anaasɛ “ɛyɛ nsu”.
• Yafunu mu yaw.
• Atiridiinini a ɛkɔ so tra hɔ bɛboro adapɛn abien.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa oduruyɛfo no?

Nsɛmmisa a ebia wubenya wɔ w’akwantu a wowɔ kokoram no mu no betumi asesa bere a bere kɔ so no. Sɛ wɔahu sɛ wowɔ lymphoma nkyɛe a, nsɛmmisa atitiriw bi a wubetumi abisa ni:

• Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ mewɔ lymphoma?
• Lymphoma bɛn na mewɔ?
• Bere tenten ahe na manya saa lymphoma yi?
• Ayaresa ahorow bɛn na mewɔ?
• Dɛn ne ayaresa biara mu nsunsuanso bɔne?
• Dɛn na metumi ahwɛ kwan wɔ me tebea no ho (nkɔmhyɛ)?

So lymphoma yɛ kokoram a emu yɛ den?

Egyina lymphoma ko a wowɔ so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, lymphoma a ɛnyɛ Hodgkin.Eyi betumi ama wo nipadua no atumi anya ɔyare mmoawa a ɛde wo nkwa to asiane mu, kokoram ahorow afoforo, ne komayare. Sɛnea akontaabu kyerɛ no, nnipa bɛyɛ 300,000 na wowuwu wɔ wiase nyinaa wɔ mogya mu yare bi a ɛnyɛ Hodgkin ho.

So wobetumi afa mogya mu nhwehwɛmu so ahu lymphoma?

Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu tumi hu nneɛma te sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa dodow a ɛkɔ soro. Eyinom betumi ayɛ mogya mu kokoram te sɛ lymphoma anaa mogya mu kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Nanso, mogya mu nhwehwɛmu nkutoo ntumi nhu sɛ wowɔ lymphoma anaa. Nnuruyɛfo gyina nea efi nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu ne mfoninitwa nhwehwɛmu mu ba so titiriw na ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya lymphoma .

Ɛhe na lymphoma taa fi ase?

Lymphoma betumi afi ase wɔ wo nipadua mu baabiara a wowɔ lymphocytes. Eyinom yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa bi a ɛko tia ɔyare mmoawa. Wohu wɔ wo ntini a ɛma mogya tu, wo dwonku, nnompe mu ntini, ne wo nipadua no afã afoforo. Nsɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan a ɛtaa ba ne ntini a ɛho ahonhon wɔ kɔn, koko atifi, abasa, yafunu, anaa asen mu.

Bere tenten ahe na lymphoma betumi atra hɔ a wonnim?

Wubetumi anya lymphoma mfe pii a wunhu sɛnkyerɛnne biara. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wohu lymphoma ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow wɔ akwanhyia mu bere a wɔyɛ mfonini mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa esiane biribi foforo nti no.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Lymphoma yɛ yare a emu yɛ den. Nea eye ne sɛ, nnuru a wɔde sa lymphoma no renya nkɔso, na ɛboa nkurɔfo ma wɔtra ase kyɛ. Nnipa dodow a wonya nkwa no renya nkɔanim afe biara. Nhwehwɛmufo nso rehu nneɛma pii afa asiane ahorow a ɛma obi nya lymphoma no ho.

Sɛ wususuw sɛ ebia wowɔ asiane mu sɛ wubenya lymphoma a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa. Sɛ saa a, ɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ nea wubetumi ayɛ de abɔ w’akwahosan ho ban.

Kae sɛ, ntɛm a wobehu yare no na wɔasa no yiye ne nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara.

Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa foforo bi fa eyi ho a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wubebisa oduruyɛfo. Kɔ so nya apɔwmuden!

` lymphoma, kokoram, ntini a ɛma mogya tu, sɛnkyerɛnne, ayaresa, Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma