So ɔhaw bi wɔ mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu no ho? Momma yɛnka Lymphoproliferative Disorders (LPDs) ho asɛm!

So woate pɛn sɛ asraafo nketewa bi wɔ yɛn nipadua mu a wɔbɔ yɛn ho ban fi nyarewa ho? Wɔfrɛ saa asraafo no mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa. Wɔ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa yi mu no, mogya mu nkwammoaa titiriw bi wɔ hɔ a wɔfrɛ no lymphocytes . Wɔn adwuma titiriw ne sɛ wɔbɛma yɛn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ den denam atamfo te sɛ mmoawa ne mmoawa a wɔhyɛn yɛn nipadua mu a wɔbɛko atia wɔn, na wɔasɛe kokoram nkwammoaa mpo so. Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa ntini a ɛma mogya tu yi gyae adwumayɛ yiye, anaasɛ efi ase dɔɔso dodo. Ɛno ne bere a yɛfrɛ nyarewa kuw bi a wɔfrɛ no Lymphoproliferative Disorders (LPDs) . Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi koraa. Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri, ɛnte saa?

Dɛn ne Lymphoproliferative Disorders (LPD) a ɛma nipadua no yɛ kɛse? So ahorow ahorow bi wɔ hɔ?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, LPD yɛ nyarewa kuw bi a ɛba bere a yɛn ntini mu nkwammoaa a wɔfrɛ no lymphocytes no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye anaasɛ enyin a yentumi nni so no. Yebetumi akyekyɛ eyinom mu akuw atitiriw abien.

1. LPDs (Immunologic Disorders) a ɛfa nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa ho

Saa LPD ahorow yi sɛe ɔkwan a yɛn nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ n’ade wɔ amannɔne ntuafo ho. Nnipa a wɔwɔ saa tebea horow yi wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya kokoram te sɛ lymphoma .

• X-linked lymphoproliferative disorder (XLP): Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ saa tebea yi nya Epstein-Barr virus , a, ebetumi akɔ so ayɛ lymphoma.
• Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS): Eyi ne bere a lymphocytes pii boaboa ano wɔ mmeae te sɛ yɛn lymph nodes, dwonku, ne mmerɛbo, na ɛma saa akwaa ahorow no hohoro. Ɛte sɛ nea yɛn ankasa nkwammoaa reboaboa wɔn ho ano kɛkɛ wɔ mmeae a yentumi nni so.
• Ntini a ɛma mogya tu akyi (PTLD): Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi nanso emu yɛ den. Ebetumi aba bere a wɔde akwaa foforo (e.g., asaabo, mmerɛbo) anaasɛ allogeneic stem cell a wɔde si ananmu akyi. Eyi te saa titiriw sɛ wo anaa onipa a ɔde akwaa anaa ntini mu nkwammoaa no mae no anya Epstein-Barr mmoawa a ɛka B-nkwaboaa no bi a.

2. Mogya mu Kokoram a Ɛma Nkwammoaa Mu

Eyinom ne nyarewa a emu yɛ den a yɛtaa te ho asɛm, te sɛ Leukemia ne Lymphoma . Nea ɛkɔ so wɔ ha ne sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa a ɛwɔ yɛn nnompe mu ntini ne mogya mu, a ɛne B-cells, T-cells ne Natural killer cells (NK cells) no sɛe.Nkwammoaa mu nsakrae, nkwammoaa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so a ɛdɔɔso a wontumi nni so. Saa nkwammoaa a ɛnteɛ yi hyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw mu. Ɛwom sɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a wobetumi asa eyinom de, nanso ɛyɛ nyarewa a emu yɛ den a ebetumi de nkwa ato asiane mu.

Kokoram ahorow a ɛfa B-cell ho

Ntini afoforo bi a ɛnyɛ Hodgkin lymphomas a ɛhyɛ saa kuw yi mu ne:

• B-cell lymphoma akɛse a ɛtrɛw
• Follicular lymphoma a ɛma mogya tu
• Mantle cell lymphoma a ɛma mogya tu

B-cell leukemia ahorow nso wɔ hɔ:

• Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL): Ɛha yi, B-nkwaboaa a ɛteɛ a ɛwɔ nnompe mu ntini mu no dɔɔso dodo, na ɛhyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa ne mogya nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw mu.
• B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia: Ɛha nso, B-nkwaboaa a ɛnteɛ boaboa ano wɔ nnompe mu ntini no mu, na ɛhyɛ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden no mu.
• Hairy cell leukemia: Sɛnea edin no kyerɛ no, wɔtoo mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so yi din efisɛ sɛ wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwɛ a, ɛte sɛ nhwi. Wɔsan nso ba wɔ nnompe mu na wɔdɔɔso dodo.

Kokoram ahorow a ɛfa T-cell ho

Wɔakyekyɛ ɔhaw ahorow a ɛfa T-cell ho no mu titiriw ayɛ no akuw abien:

• Systemic T-cell lymphomas: Eyinom betumi aka wo ntini ahorow, wo dwonku, nnompe mu ntini, mogya, ne nipadua no akwaa afoforo.
• Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: Eyinom ka honam ani titiriw, nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi aka lymph nodes, mogya, nnompe mu ntini, ne emu akwaa ahorow.

T-cell lymphomas ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a ɛwɔ nhyehyɛe mu. Ahorow a wɔtaa de di dwuma no bi ne:

• Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, a wɔankyerɛ sɛ ɛnte saa (PTCL NOS) .
• Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) a ɛma mogya tu .
• Anaplastic nkwammoaa akɛse mu lymphoma

Ahorow nso wɔ hɔ a wɔntaa nhu:

• Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL) a ɛma mogya tu .
• T-cell lymphoma (EATL) a ɛbata enteropathy ho .

Wɔsan frɛ T-cell lymphomas bi a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no T-cell leukemias a enni sabea . Nhwɛso ahorow:

• T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) a ɛma mogya tu .
• T-cell kɛse a ɛyɛ granular lymphocytic leukemia (T-LGL) .

T-cell lymphoma a ɛwɔ honam ani yare no mu nneɛma nketenkete atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ:

• Mycosis fungoides a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu
• Sézary yare a ɛma obi nya ɔyare no

Nyarewa a ɛfa NK-nkwaboaa ho

Eyinom ho yɛ na koraa na ɛka NK nkwammoaa.

• Extranodal NK T-nkwaboaa lymphoma anom su
• NK-cell leukemia a ɛyɛ hu (AKNL) .
• NK-nkwaboaa kɛse granular lymphocytic leukemia (NK-LGL) .

Seesei wobɛtumi ahunu tebea ahodoɔ dodoɔ a wɔakata so wɔ LPDs ase. Ɛho nhia sɛ wokɔ emu biara mu kɔ akyiri, nanso ɛho hia sɛ wuhu sɛ tebea yi wɔ hɔ.

Dɛn ne LPD ahorow ho sɛnkyerɛnne? Woyɛ dɛn hu wɔn?

Saa LPD ahorow yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi ayɛ soronko kɛse, a egyina LPD ko a wowɔ so. Nanso sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ɛtaa ba a ebia wubehu. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ:

• Fifiri a ɛboro so anadwo: Ɛnyɛ fifiri nko, na mmom fifiri a ɛba araa ma ntama no yɛ nsu.
• (lymph nodes), (liver) (spleen): , , , ‍ .
• Mogya ne akuru a ɛyɛ soronko anaasɛ ɛboro so: Sɛ mogya tu wo pii esiane opira ketewaa bi mpo nti, anaasɛ akuru a ɛyɛ bruu kɛkɛ wɔ wo nipadua no so.
• Ɔbrɛ a ɛtaa ba: Ɔbrɛ a wobɛte nka ɛmfa ho sɛnea wobɛda no.
• Atiridiinini a ɛtaa ba: Sɛ wowɔ atiridiinini a ɛkɔ so daa a ntease biara nnim a.
• Mmoawa a ɛtaa nya: Esiane sɛ nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa nti, ebia wobɛtaa anya nyarewa te sɛ atiridiinini ne atiridiinini.
• Anorexia: Nkate a ɛne sɛ ɔmpɛ sɛ odidi.
• Wo mu duru a ɛso tew a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu: Sɛ wo mu duru so tew mpofirim a wunnni adidi anaa woteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu a, ɛno nso yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye.

Nea ɛho hia: Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mu biako anaa abien a, mma wo ho nnpopo. Nneɛma afoforo a ɛnyɛ den nso betumi de aba. Nanso, sɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi kɔ so a, ɛyɛ papa bere nyinaa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwehwɛ afotu.

Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde LPD ba?

Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobehu ade biako pɛ a ɛde LPD dodow no ara ba, nanso nneɛma ahorow betumi aboa.

• Nyarewa: LPD ahorow bi betumi afi ɔyare mmoawa te sɛ Epstein-Barr mmoawa anaa H. pylori mmoawa . Fa no sɛ, mmoawa nketenkete a wɔhyɛn yɛn nipadua mu yi resɛe yɛn nkwammoaa nhyehyɛe.
• Nyarewa bi a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa: Ntini mu yare, lupusNnipa a wɔwɔ nyarewa bi wɔ asiane mu sɛ wobenya LPD ahorow bi (e.g. marginal zone lymphomas). Eyi ne bere a yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no tow hyɛ yɛn ankasa nkwammoaa so.
• Nnuru: Nnuru bi a ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa (e.g., nnuru a wɔde ma de siw nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa ano bere a wɔde akwaa foforo ama obi akyi) betumi de tebea horow te sɛ hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma aba.
• Awosu mu nsakrae bi: Ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ wubetumi anya awosu mu nsakrae a ɛde LPD a ɛte sɛɛ ba no. Sɛ nhwɛso no, nnipa a wɔwɔ X-linked lymphoproliferative disorder (XLP) no wɔ awosu mu nkwaadɔm abien mu nsakrae. Eyi ma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wobenya Epstein-Barr mmoawa no ho mmuae a emu yɛ den soronko na wɔanya lymphoma. Awosu mu nsakrae a ɛka mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa nyin nso ne lymphoma ne leukemia wɔ abusuabɔ.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu LPD ahorow? (Nyare a Wɔahu) .

Esiane sɛ LPD ahorow pii wɔ hɔ nti, sɛ nnuruyɛfo reyɛ nhwehwɛmu a, wodi kan hwehwɛ sɛ wobehu LPD ko a ɛde wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no reba.

Nea ɛbɛyɛ na oduruyɛfo ayɛ eyi no, obesusuw wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ ntini a ɛho ahonhon, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo mmerɛbo anaa wo dwensɔtwaa sõ sen sɛnea ɛte daa no ho, na wabisa w’ayaresa ho abakɔsɛm a atwam ne sɛ ebia w’abusua mu obi anya tebea a ɛte saa ara anaa.

Afei wobetumi ayɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow te sɛ eyi:

• Biopsy: Wobetumi ayɛ nnompe mu ntini mu nhwehwɛmu de ahwehwɛ mogya mu kokoram te sɛ mogya mu kokoram anaa lymphoma ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔfa nnompe mu ntini ketewaa bi na wɔsɔ hwɛ. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wobetumi afa ntini a ɛho ahonhon no fã ketewaa bi nso.
• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Mogya dodow a edi mũ (CBC) , Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) , Epstein-Barr antibody test, hepatitis test, HIV test, Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test, ne nea ɛkeka ho Eyinom betumi akyerɛ wo pii afa nsakrae a ɛba mogya nkwammoaa mu, ɔyare mmoawa, ne mmerɛbo ne asaabo dwumadi mu.
• Mfoniniyɛ mu sɔhwɛ ahorow: Wobetumi ayɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow te sɛ kɔmputa so mfoninitwa (CT) ne positron emission tomography (PET) mfoninitwa . Eyinom tumi hwɛ nneɛma te sɛ akwaa a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu, sɛnea ntini a ɛma mogya tu no te, ne sɛ ebia kokoram nkwammoaa atrɛw anaa. Ɛte sɛ nea woretwa nipadua no mu mfonini.
• Lab sɔhwɛ ahorow: Sɔhwɛ titiriw te sɛ flow cytometry betumi aboa ma wɔahu LPD pɔtee no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa LPD ahorow?

LPD ahorow no ayaresa gyina LPD pɔtee a wowɔ no so. Ɛnyɛ obiara na ɔwɔ ayaresa koro. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wowɔ mogya mu kokoram anaa lymphoma a, ebia wobɛnya ayaresa te sɛ eyinom:

• Nnuru a wɔde sa yare: Nnuru a wɔde ma de sɛe kokoram nkwammoaa.
• Immunotherapy: Ayaresa a ɛkanyan w’ankasa nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa ma ɛko tia kokoram nkwammoaa.
• Mframa a wɔde sa yare: Wɔde mframa a ahoɔden wom a ɛsɛe kokoram nkwammoaa.
• Ntini mu nkwammoaa (nnompe mu ntini) a wɔde si ananmu: Ntini mu nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw a wɔde si nnompe mu ntini a asɛe ananmu.
• Ayaresa a wɔde wɔn ani asi so: Nnuru a wɔde si molecule pɔtee bi so a ɛboa ma kokoram nkwammoaa nyin na ɛtra ase.

Kae sɛ wo duruyɛfo na ɔbɛkyerɛ ayaresa a eye sen biara ama wo. Ɔno na onim wo tebea no yiye.

Osuahu no te dɛn ma obi a ɔwɔ LPD? So wotumi sa no yare?

Eyi yɛ asɛmmisa a ɛyɛ den kakra sɛ wubebua efisɛ LPD ahorow pii wɔ hɔ, na nneɛma pii te sɛ w’akwahosan, mfe a woadi, ne bere a yare no wɔ no betumi aka nea ebefi mu aba no.

Wobetumi asa LPD ahorow bi yare koraa. Sɛ nhwɛso no, chemo-immunotherapy betumi asa lymphoma ahorow bi te sɛ B-cell lymphoma akɛse ne Burkitt lymphoma. Wobetumi de ntini mu nkwammoaa a wɔde bɛma obi foforo asa obi a ɔwɔ X-linked lymphoproliferative disorder (XLP) yare.

Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ayaresa betumi ama lymphomas bi akɔ remission , a ɛkyerɛ sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no yera na nhwehwɛmu ntumi nhu yare no bio. Nanso yare no ntumi nsa koraa. LPD ahorow bi betumi asan aba wɔ asram anaa mfe pii akyi wɔ ayaresa no awiei.

Sɛ wowɔ LPD a, ebia woresusuw ho sɛ ebia wobetumi asa ne bere tenten a wubetumi atra ase anaa. Beae a eye sen biara a wubetumi anya eyi ho nsɛm ne wo duruyɛfo. Onim wo ne wo tebea no yiye. Enti nsuro sɛ wubebisa no nsɛm biara a wowɔ.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho? (Ne ho a wɔhwɛ) .

LPD yɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea horow a emu yɛ den. Bere a ayaresa betumi atew yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne so na ama wɔanya ayaresa mpo no, ebia wobɛda so ara ahyia nsɛnnennen bere a wɔreyɛ ayaresa no. Nyansahyɛ ahorow bi a ebetumi aboa wo ni:

• Bisa ɔhwɛ a ɛma obi ho brɛ ase ho asɛm: Ebia obi a ɔwɔ LPD behia mmoa a ɔde bedi yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne nea efi ayaresa mu ba no ho dwuma. Ɔhwɛ a ɛma obi ho dwo yɛ ɔhwɛ titiriw a ɛboa ma obi asetra tu mpɔn na ɛtew ɛyaw ne ɔhaw afoforo so, sen sɛ wɔbɛbɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛsa yare no. Wo kuw a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔde wɔn ho to wɔn so no betumi ama wo afotu pa.
• Didi yiye: Ebia w’ani nnye aduan ho bere a woyare anaa woreyɛ ayaresa no. Sɛ saa a, kɔ aduannuru ho ɔbenfo nkyɛn . Obetu wo fo wɔ nnuan ne anonne a ɛfata ma wo ho.
• Fa apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ kakra: Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a emu nyɛ den betumi aboa ma adwennwen a yare a emu yɛ den de ba no so atew. Nanso hwɛ hu sɛ wo ne oduruyɛfo bɛkasa ansa na woafi apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ nhyehyɛe foforo ase.
• Bɔ wo ho ban fi nyarewa ho: Yare anaa ayaresa betumi ama wo nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ mmerɛw. Enti bisa wo duruyɛfo akwan a wobɛfa so asiw ɔyare mmoawa ano. Mmeae a nnipa ahyɛ mu ma a wobɛkwati ne nsa a wobɛhohoro mpɛn pii no ho hia.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wɔresa wo yare wɔ LPD ho a, bisa wo duruyɛfo sɛ nsɛnkyerɛnne bɛn na ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo tebea no reyɛ kɛse (e.g., atiridiinini a ɛkɔ so daa) sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wubehu bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wo ne no di nkitaho.

Sɛ oduruyɛfo de aduruyɛ mu asɛmfua "lymphoproliferation" anaa "lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs)" di dwuma a, na wɔreka nyarewa kuw bi a ɛfa mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa pɔtee bi ho a ebetumi aka wo nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa anaasɛ ɛbɛyɛ kokoram ho asɛm.

Sɛ wowɔ tebea bi a ɛte sɛɛ a, ebia w’ani begye ho kɛse sɛ wubehu wo tebea no mu nsɛm pɔtee sen nnuruyɛ mu nsɛmfua. Nanso sɛ woyare a, nimdeɛ yɛ tumi. Wɔ eyi mu no, ntease a ɛwɔ edin no akyi a wubehu no betumi aboa wo ma woate nea ɛrekɔ so wɔ wo nipadua mu no ase yiye.

Sɛ nhwɛso no, LPD ahorow no wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ne ayaresa a ɛtaa ba. Nanso wɔn nyinaa nyɛ pɛ. Afei nso, ebia wo suahu bɛyɛ soronko wɔ afoforo de ho. Sɛ wo duruyɛfo de asɛmfua "lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) di dwuma a, bisa wo tebea pɔtee no ho nsɛm pii. Wɔn ani begye sɛ wobebua wo nsɛmmisa."

Awiei koraa no, nkrasɛm a wode bɛkɔ fie:

Lymphoproliferative Disorders (LPDs) yɛ tebea horow a ɛyɛ den, a ebetumi ayɛ nea emu yɛ den kuw bi a ɛnam lymphocytes, yɛn nipadua mu nkwammoaa a ɛbɔ yɛn ho ban no dwumadi a ɛnteɛ so na ɛba.

• Hwɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne: Sɛ wowɔ atiridiinini a ɛkɔ so, wobrɛ dodo, wo mu duru so tew, anaasɛ wo ntini a ɛho ahonhon a, nyɛ ɔkwasea .
• Ɛho hia sɛ wohwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu: Sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi akɔhwɛ no. Dodow a wohu yare no ntɛm no, dodow no ara na ɛda adi sɛ ayaresa no bɛyɛ yiye.
• Ɛnyɛ LPD nyinaa na ɛyɛ pɛ: ɛsono ahorow, na ɛsono emu biara wɔ ayaresa. Wo duruyɛfo na ɔbɛkyerɛ ayaresa a eye ma wo.
• Ɛnyɛ wo nkutoo: Sɛ wuhyia tebea a ɛte sɛɛ a, mmoa a abusuafo, nnamfo, ne nnuruyɛfo de ma no som bo kɛse.

Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ worensuro, wobɛhyɛ wo den, na woadi nnuruyɛfo afotu akyi. Sɛ wode ayaresa a ɛfata ne adwene mu ahoɔden pa a, wubetumi adi asɛnnennen yi so nkonim.

` lymphoproliferative yare, LPDs, lymph nkwammoaa, lymphocytes, nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa, kokoram, mogya mu kokoram, lymphoma