Wo ba a wadi mfe 12 no Well-Child Nsrahwɛ: So yɛbɛka eyi ho asɛm?

Wo ba redi mfe 12, na ɛno yɛ bere a ɛho hia paa wɔ wɔn asetra mu. Wɔ saa mfe yi mu no, wɔn nipadua ne sɛnea wosusuw nneɛma ho no refa nsakrae akɛse mu. Enti, aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ saa bere yi, a wɔfrɛ no ``Well-Child Visit'' no ho hia yiye. Ma yɛnhwɛ nea ɛba bere a wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn saa bere yi, ne nea ɛsɛ sɛ wusiesie wo ho ma.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo no hwehwɛ wo ba no mu?

Nea edi kan no, sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, wɔbɛhwɛ nneɛma kakraa bi na ama wɔanya abofra no akwahosan ho adwene a ɛyɛ mmerɛw.

1. Hwɛ ne tenten, ne mu duru, ne ne nyin: Oduruyɛfo anaa ɔyarehwɛfo no bɛsusuw wo ba no tenten ne ne mu duru na wabu ne BMI, anaa ne nipadua mu duru ho akontaa. Afei wɔbɛyɛ saa susudua ahorow yi ho mfonini wɔ wɔn nyin ho nhyehyɛe so ahwɛ sɛ ebia abofra no nyin rekɔ so wɔ ne mfe a wadi mu ne sɛ ebia nsonsonoe bi wɔ afe a etwaam no mu anaa. Eyi nso bɛma woanya abofra no aduannuru tebea ho adwene.

2. Wɔhwɛ mogya mmoroso, anisoadehu, ne aso: Wɔde nnwinnade a wɔde di dwuma daa na ɛhwɛ akokoaa no mogya mmoroso. Afei nso, wɔhwɛ sɛnea akokoaa no hu ade. Ɛtɔ da bi nso a, wobetumi ahwɛ sɛnea akokoaa no te saa bere yi. Eyinom yɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow a ɛnyɛ den koraa, enti biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wohaw wo ho wɔ ho.

3. Wɔrehwɛ adwenemyare nso: Mmofra a wɔadi mfe yi betumi anya adwene mu nhyɛso ahorow. Enti, oduruyɛfo no nso betumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu tiawa bi de ahwɛ sɛ abofra no redi awerɛhow, ne ho yeraw no, anaasɛ ɔwɔ adwenemhaw ho sɛnkyerɛnne bi anaa. Ebia eyi bɛyɛ biribi te sɛ nsɛmmisa kratasin.

Nneɛma a oduruyɛfo no ne wo ne wo ba no bɛbɔ ho nkɔmmɔ

Afei, oduruyɛfo no bebisa wo ne wo ba no nsɛm pii afa wɔn da biara da asetra ne wɔn suban ho. Eyi yɛ bere pa a wubetumi bisa nsɛm biara a ebia wowɔ na woanya afotu.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ w’aduan ne w’ano?

Eyi ne mfe a ɛsɛ sɛ mmofra fi ase paw nnuan a eye ma wɔn . Oduruyɛfo no ne wo bɛkasa afa eyi ho.

• Ɛsɛ sɛ protein fibea pa (te sɛ mpataa, akokɔ, nkesua, ne akutu), aburow a wɔayam (aburow a ɛyɛ bruu, atta esiam, oats), nnuaba, ne nhabannuru ka wo ba no aduan ho .
• Afei nso, ɛsɛ sɛ wo ba nya nufusu anaa nufusu a srade nnim bɛyɛ nkuruwa 3 (720 ml) da biara.
• Hyɛ wo ba nkuran sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no onni nnuaba ne nhabannuru 5 da biara. Dodow a nnuaba ne nhabannuru no yɛ kɔla ahorow no, dodow no ara na eye.
• Nsu a wɔnom nso ho hia paa. Ma wo ba no nsua sɛ ɔbɛnom nsu mmom sen sɛ ɔbɛnom anonne a asikre wom.

Dae ho hia dɛn?

Abofra a wadi mfe yi hia nnɔnhwerew 9 kosi 12 nna pa anadwo biara .

• Sɛ woanna sɛnea ɛsɛ a , ɛyɛ den sɛ wode w’adwene besi sukuu adwuma so na wote nka sɛ woabrɛ da mũ nyinaa.
• Enti, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhyehyɛ nhyehyɛe a wobɛyɛ daa ansa na woada ama wo ba. Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wode nhyehyɛe a ɛbɛma woagye w’ahome ansa na woada, te sɛ nhoma a wobɛkenkan ansa na woada.
• Nea ɛho hia paa ne sɛ wobɛkwati sɛ wode ɛlɛtrɔnik mfiri te sɛ TV, kɔmputa, tablɛt, ne telefon bɛhyɛ wo ba no mpa mu. Hann a efi wɔn mu no sɛe nna.

Abofra dwumadi ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ

Ɛsɛ sɛ abofra a wadi mfe yi yɛ nnam anyɛ yiye koraa no simma 60 da biara . Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ wobedi agoru, atu mmirika, na woahuruw.

• Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ screen bere (`screen bere`) yɛ anohyeto . Fa nnɔnhwerew dodow a wubetumi de ayɛ ho adwuma da biara ho mmara si hɔ.

Abofra no nipadua ne n’adwene mu nkɔso

Mfe dumien yɛ bere a abofra nya nsakrae pii, wɔ nipadua ne adwene nyinaa mu. Oduruyɛfo no ka eyi nso ho asɛm.

• Mmabunbere ho sɛnkyerɛnne: Mmofra pii fi ase da wɔn mmabunbere ho sɛnkyerɛnne adi wɔ saa mfe yi mu.
• Mpɛn pii no, mmeawa mmerantebere ne mmabaabere fi ase bere a wɔadi mfe 8 kosi 13. Nufu nyin ne awotwaa mu nhwi fi ase kan. Mpɛn pii no, brayɛ bere a edi kan, anaasɛ brayɛ, ba bɛyɛ mfe 2 akyi bere a nufu no nyin no.
• Mmarimaa mmabunbere ho sɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan ne mmadwoa a ɛtrɛw . Eyi taa fi ase bɛyɛ mfe 11, nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi afi ase ntɛm ara wɔ mfe 9 mu anaasɛ akyiri yi wɔ mfe 15. Saa bere no na ɔbarima no akyi berɛmo no fi ase yɛ tenten na awotwaa mu nhwi fi ase nyin.
• Wora a srade wom ne akisikuru: Ɛtaa ba sɛ honam ani yɛ srade na akisikuru da adi wɔ saa mfe yi mu esiane nsakrae a ɛba nipadua mu nkwaadɔm mu nti.
• Nsusuw nea ebefi wɔn nneyɛe mu aba no ho kakraa bi: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a mmofra a wɔadi mfe yi rentumi nsusuw nea ɛbɛba wɔ biribi a wɔayɛ akyi no ho yiye te sɛ mpanyimfo.
• Anigye a wɔwɔ sɛ wɔn nkutoo bɛyɛ adwuma na wɔakɔka wɔn nnamfo ho: Wɔde nkakrankakra reyɛ ahofadi kɛse na wɔn ani gye ho kɛse sɛ wɔbɛka wɔn nnamfo kuw no ho.
• Wofi ase susuw wɔn honam ani hwɛbea ne wɔn nneyɛe ho kɛse: "Meyɛ dɛn ma afoforo?" "So me suban ye?"
• Ebia sɔhwɛ bi bɛba sɛ wode wo ho bɛhyɛ nneyɛe a asiane wom mu: Eyi yɛ bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wosɔ nneɛma foforo hwɛ, na ɛtɔ mmere bi mpo a wode wo ho to asiane mu kakra.

Sɛ oduruyɛfo no ne wo kasa wie a, wubetumi ne wo ba no nkutoo abisa bere kakra ma wɔasusuw nsɛmmisa foforo biara anaa nneɛma a ɛhaw wo ba no ho (ebia nneɛma a ɛyɛ den sɛ wubebisa wɔ w’anim). Eyi yɛ hokwan pa a wo ba betumi de akasa afa ne haw ahorow ho wɔ ahofadi mu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu no?

Nkɔmmɔbɔ no akyi no, oduruyɛfo no hwehwɛ abofra no mu.

• Saa bere yi de, wotie abofra no honam ani, ne koma, ne n’ahurututu, wɔhwɛ sɛnea n’akyi berɛmo no kurukuruwa, na wɔhwɛ sɛnea wayɛ mmerantebere ne mmabaabere .
• Ɛho hia sɛ ɔwofoɔ, ɔhwɛfoɔ, anaa onipa foforɔ a ɔfata (`chaperone`) bɛba hɔ wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu. Nea ɛbɛyɛ na abofra no anya kokoam nsɛm no, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ anuanom afoforo wɔ baabi a wɔtwɛn wɔ saa bere yi mu.

Kae vaccines nso ho asɛm.

Nnuru bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde ma mmofra wɔ saa mfe yi mpo mu.

• Nnuru a wɔde bɔ mmofra ho ban bɔ mmofra ho ban fi nyarewa a emu yɛ den ho, enti ɛho hia yiye sɛ wonya wɔn bere ano .
• Ebia ɛbɛyɛ soronko kakra wɔ nnuru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban ho nhyehyɛe mu, enti wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa na woahu nnuru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban pɔtee a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde ma wɔ saa mfe yi mu.

Wobetumi ayɛ sɔhwɛ afoforo

Ɛdenam abofra no akwahosan tebea so no, oduruyɛfo no betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu afoforo bi.

• Sɛ nhwɛso no, wobetumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu mfa nhwɛ tebea horow te sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu, srade a ɛdɔɔso, ne nsamanwaw.

Nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ so kosi sɛ wɔbɛyɛ wo nhwehwɛmu a edi hɔ (mfe 13) .

Sɛ wowie nhwehwɛmu yi a, nneɛma kakraa bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye wɔ ho kosi sɛ wo ba no bedi mfe 13.

Ɛfa sukuu adwuma ho

• Fa wo ba no hyɛ dwumadi ahorow mu wɔ sukuu mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, hyɛ wo ba nkuran ma onni nneɛma a n’ani gye ho te sɛ nnwom, adwinni, agumadi, ne sukuu akyi akuw akyi .
• Kamfo wo ba bere a ɔyɛ biribi yiye no. Sɛ wodi nkogu wɔ biribi mu a, boa wɔn na hyɛ wɔn nkuran bere a wɔrepere no.
• Yɛ tebea a ɛyɛ komm na ɛyɛ papa ma fie nnwuma. Kwati nneɛma a ɛtwetwe adwene te sɛ TV ne telefon.
• Mmofra binom betumi ahyia ɔhaw bere a nneɛma mu yɛ den kakra wɔ sukuu mu no. Sɛ ɛba saa a, wo ne akyerɛkyerɛfo a wɔwɔ sukuu no nkasa na bɔ mmɔden sɛ wubehu nea enti a ɛte saa. Ebetumi ayɛ adesua anaa adwene a wɔde si biribi so ho haw, anaasɛ ebetumi ayɛ adwennwen foforo te sɛ asisifo .
• Atipɛnfo nhyɛso mu yɛ den yiye wɔ saa mfe yi mu. Enti, ɛtɔ mmere bi a wobetumi de wɔn ho akɔto nneɛma a ɛnteɛ te sɛ sigaretnom ne nsa a wɔnom so. Hu wɔn a wo ba no ne wɔn bɔ. Afei nso, hwɛ hu sɛ mpanyimfo bɛhwɛ wɔn so wɔ mmeae a wohyiam no.

Abofra nipasu ne n’adwene mu yiyedi

• Fa bere kakra bɔ nkɔmmɔ na wo ne wo ba no nya bere da biara. Sɛ mobom didi, mobɛbom adi agoru, na mobɛbɔ nneɛma a ɛho hia ma wo ba ho nkɔmmɔ a, ɛbɛma mo abusuabɔ mu ayɛ den.
• Fa ofie mmara sisi hɔ na ma nea wohwɛ kwan fi hɔ no mu nna hɔ . Ɛsɛ sɛ nea efi mmara a wobu so mu ba no yɛ nea ɛfata. Kamfo wo ba sɛ wapaw nneɛma pa.
• Siesie wo ho sɛ wubebua wo ba no nsɛmmisa a ɛfa mmerantebere ne mmabaabere ne nipadua, adwene, ne nkate mu nsakrae a ɛba saa bere no mu ho .Sɛ wo ba no wɔ nsɛmmisa bi a ɛfa ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna ho a, bua no pefee. Hyɛ wo ba no nkuran ma ɔne wo nkasa mfa nsɛmmisa anaa nea ɛhaw no biara ho.
• Wɔ mmeawa fam no, brayɛ a edi kan no taa ba bɛyɛ mfe 13. Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi aka akyiri akodu mfe 15. Ka ne babea ho nkɔmmɔ ansa na wafi ase, na hyɛ no nkuran sɛ ɔmmisa wo nsɛm biara a ɔwɔ.
• Hyɛ wo ba nkuran sɛ ɔntwentwɛn ne nan ase sɛ ɔne afoforo bɛda kosi sɛ obenyin . Kyerɛkyerɛ asiane a ɛwɔ nna mu nyarewa (STDs) ne nyinsɛn a wɔmpɛ mu.
• Hyɛ wo ba nkuran sɛ onguare na ɔnhohoro ne nipadua da biara da . Sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ nipadua hua mu te sɛ fifiri a, ka kyerɛ wɔn sɛ wɔmfa aduru a wɔde yi hua nni dwuma.
• Brush wo sẽ mprenu da biara, anyɛ yiye koraa no, fa nhama bɔ wo sẽ pɛnkoro da biara, na fa wo ba no kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn asram 6 biara .
• Hu adwenemhaw ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow. Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ abufuw a wote nka bere nyinaa, awerɛhow, nneɛma a kan no na w’ani gye ho ho anigye a worensɛe, sukuu abasobɔde a ɛso tew, anaa wo ho a wubekum ho asɛm a wo ne oduruyɛfo nkasa.

Mma wo werɛ mmfi abofra no ahobammɔ ho asɛm.

Ɛsɛ sɛ yesusuw ahobammɔ a mmofra wɔ wɔ saa mfe yi mu nso ho pii.

• Ka asiane a ɛwɔ sigaretnom, vaping, nsa, ne nnubɔne mu ho asɛm kyerɛ wo ba .
• Ɛsɛ sɛ mmofra a wɔadi mfe yi tra akyi nkongua so bere nyinaa bere a wɔte kar mu no, na akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhyɛ ahobammɔ abɔso .
• Sɛ wote sakre, skateboard, anaa skuter so a, ka kyerɛ wɔn sɛ wɔnhyɛ dade kyɛw . Sɛ woredi agumadi a, ka kyerɛ wɔn sɛ wɔmfa ahobammɔ nnwinnade a ɛfata agumadi no nni dwuma, te sɛ ano aduru ne nkotodwe ne nsateaa a wɔde bɔ wɔn ho ban.
• Fa aduru a ɛbɔ wo ho ban fi owia ho a SPF 30 anaa nea ɛboro saa gu so anyɛ yiye koraa no simma 15 ansa na woakɔ owia mu . Kae sɛ wobɛsan de ahyɛ wo ho nnɔnhwerew 2 biara.
• Bɔ wo ba ho ban fi wusiw a wɔde di dwuma ho.
• Hwɛ sɛnea wo ba no de Intanɛt di dwuma no yiye. Fa kɔmputa no sie fie baabi a wubetumi ahu. Siesie safety filters, na hwɛ wo ba no browser abakɔsɛm mu hwɛ wɛbsaet ahorow a ɔkɔ so.
• Wo ne wo ba nkasa fa Intanɛt so ahobammɔ, kɔmputa so ayayade, ne sɛnea wode sohyial media bedi dwuma wɔ asɛyɛde mu ho .
• Mfa atuo nsie wɔ fie. Sɛ woyɛ saa a, ma wɔmfa nneɛma mfi mu, ntoto mu, na mma mmofra ntumi nkɔ hɔ. Fa atuo no toto mu wɔ ɔkwan soronko so. Fa nsafe no sie baabi a mmofra ntumi nkɔ.
• Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa w’asetena tebea ho, te sɛ sɛ ebia wowɔ nea wuhia de ahwɛ wo ba (sɛ nhwɛso no, aduan, dabere, akwahosan ho insurance) a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka ho asɛm. Ebia wo duruyɛfo betumi de wo akɔ mpɔtam hɔ nneɛma so akɔhwehwɛ mmoa anaasɛ asetra mu nsɛm ho ɔbenfo bi nkyɛn.

Nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, enti yɛaka abofra a wadi mfe 12 aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu ho asɛm pii. Nea etwa to no, nneɛma bi a ɛho hia a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae ni:

• Saa mfe yi yɛ bere a nipadua ne adwene mu nsakrae ne nsɛnnennen pii ba mmofra so. Enti, wohia wo dɔ, ntease, ne mmoa sen bere biara.
• Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa biribiara ho asɛm pefee. Nsuro sɛ wubebisa nsɛm anaa nsɛm biara a ɛhaw wo.
• Kɔ so ne wo ba no nni nkitaho pa. Ma wɔn ahotoso sɛ wobetumi ne wo abɔ biribiara ho nkɔmmɔ.
• Bere nyinaa dwen wo ba no ahobammɔ ho, titiriw bere a ɛfa intanɛt ne atipɛnfo nhyɛso ho no.
• Ɛnyɛ wo nko ara na woretu kwan yi. Wubetumi anya mmoa afi nnuruyɛfo, akyerɛkyerɛfo, ne sɛ ɛho hia a, afotufo hɔ.

Mewɔ anidaso sɛ saa afotu yi bɛboa wo ba no ma wanya daakye a ahoɔden wom na anigye wom!

` Mmofra akwahosan mu nhwehwɛmu, mfe 12, mmerantebere ne mmabaabere, mmofra nkɔso, awofoyɛ ho afotu, apɔwmuden suban, adwenemyare