So wote ehu nka kakra bere a oduruyɛfo kyerɛw penicillin ma wo anaa wo ba no? So wususuw sɛ, "Oh, so mɛyɛ allergic wɔ eyi ho?"? Nokwarem no, nnipa pii a wɔwɔ yɛn man yi mu ka eyi ho asɛm. Ebinom ka sɛ, "Metan penicillin." Enti ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka nea saa penicillin akisikuru yi yɛ ho asɛm pɛpɛɛpɛ, ne nea ɛyɛ tiawa, nea ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yɛ, ne nea ɛsɛ sɛ yɛyɛ sɛ biribi te sɛ eyi si a.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne penicillin akisikuru?
Penicillin, sɛnea wunim no, yɛ nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a ɛho hia yiye a wɔde sa mmoawa a wɔde nyarewa ba. Ɛyɛ adwuma denam mmoawa a wɔakɔ yɛn nipadua mu no akyi a ɛsɛe so, na ɛnam so sa ɔyare mmoawa no. Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a yɛn nipadua no ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe, nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no di mfomso hu aduru a wɔfrɛ no Penicillin yi. Ɛte sɛ ɔtamfo bi a watow ahyɛ yɛn man so.
Ɛha na ɔhaw no fi ase. Yɛn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no fi ase ne penicillin yi "ko". Esiane saa ɔko yi nti, yɛn nipadua no nya akisikuru. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, penicillin ho akisikuru yɛ bere a yɛn ankasa nipadua a ɛbɔ yɛn ho ban no yɛ n’ade wɔ ɔkwan a ɛmfata so wɔ aduru bi a wɔkyerɛ sɛ ɛbɛboa yɛn ho.
Nanso asɛmpa no ni! Esiane sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew wɔ penicillin ho nnɛ nti, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ nea ɛtra hɔ daa. Nhwehwɛmu ahorow ada no adi sɛ nnipa bɛyɛ 80% a wohu sɛ wɔwɔ penicillin akisikuru no nyin sen wɔn akisikuru no wɔ mfe 10 mu.
Nnuru ahorow bɛn na wɔtaa de di dwuma wɔ penicillin abusua no mu?
Penicillin nyɛ aduru biako, ɛyɛ nnuru abusua. Nnuru ahorow pii wɔ abusua yi mu. Ebi yɛ nnuru a wɔnom, ebi yɛ nnuru a wɔde twitwiw nipadua mu. Ebia woate din ahorow yi ho asɛm:
- Amoxicillin (eyi yɛ nea nkurɔfo ani gye ho kɛse wɔ yɛn man yi mu, titiriw nea wɔde ma mmofra nkumaa) .
- Ampicillin a wɔde yɛ aduru
- Dicloxacillin a wɔde di dwuma
- Pencillin a wɔde yɛ nnuru G
- Pencillin a wɔde di dwuma V
- Piperacillin a wɔde yɛ aduru
Enti sɛ wo duruyɛfo kyerɛw aduru bi te sɛ eyi a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woka sɛ ebia woadi kan anya penicillin ho akisikuru a.
Hena na obetumi anya saa akisikuru yi? Ɛtaa ba dɛn?
Nokwarem no, obiara betumi anya penicillin ho akisikuru. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ tebea afoforo a ɛma wo ho yɛ wo hyew te sɛ sare atiridii, ayamtu, anaa akisikuru a, ɛda adi sɛ wubenya penicillin ho akisikuru.
Eyi ne nnuru a wɔtaa bɔ ho amanneɛ sɛ obi ho yɛ no hyew wɔ wiase. Fa no sɛ, nnipa 10 biara a wɔwɔ Amerika no mu biako ka sɛ ne ho nyɛ no dɛ wɔ penicillin ho. Nanso sɛ wɔsɔ hwɛ a, wɔn a wɔka sɛ wɔn ho yɛ wɔn hyew ankasa no mu 1% pɛ na wɔwɔ akisikuru ankasa. Enti dɛn na ɛtoo wɔn a wɔaka no? Wodi mfomso gye di sɛ aduru no mu nsunsuanso bɔne a ɛtaa ba ne akisikuru. Momma yɛnka nsonsonoe a ɛda abien no ntam ho asɛm.
Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya penicillin a ne ho nyɛ no dɛ?
Nsɛnkyerɛnne no betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ onipa biara ho. Ebinom fam no, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi ayɛ nea emu nyɛ den , bere a ebinom fam no, ebetumi de wɔn nkwa ato asiane mu. Momma yɛnkyekyɛ eyinom mu abien.
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne no su | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba (a ɛtaa ba). | |
| Wora mu akisikuru anaasɛ akisikuru | Nsonsonoe kɔkɔɔ, ɛyɛ yaw anaa pink, a ɛkɔ soro wɔ honam ani. |
| Wora a ɛyɛ wo yaw | Sɛ akisikuru pɔtee biara nni hɔ mpo a, ɛyaw betumi aba nipadua no nyinaa so anaa mmeae pɔtee bi. |
| Ɔfe ne hwene a ɛyɛ mmerɛw | Hwene a ɛretu, hwene a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ne ɔfe. |
| Rehono | Ɛhonhon, titiriw wɔ anim, nsa, ne anan ho. |
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den na ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔsa no ntɛm (Anaphylaxis) . | |
| Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den | Ɔhome a ɛyɛ tiaa, ne koko a ɛyɛ den, ne akisikuru. Wɔfrɛ eyi wɔ aduruyɛ mu sɛ Dyspnea . |
| Nipadua no nyinaa a ɛho ahonhon | Ɔkasa ne mene a ɛyɛ den esiane menewa, tɛkrɛma, ne anofafa a ɛho ahonhon nti. |
| Mogya mmoroso a ɛba fam yiye | Eyi betumi ama obi atɔ piti, ne ho ayɛ no yaw, na ne nipadua ayɛ nwini. |
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne afoforo a anibere wom | Yafunu mu yaw a emu yɛ den, ɔfe, akisikuru, koma a ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm anaasɛ ɛnteɛ, adwene a ɛyera (syncope) . |
Mpɛn pii no, saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi da adi wɔ dɔnhwerew biako akyi bere a wɔanom aduru no. Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi betumi ada adi wɔ nna kakraa bi akyi mpo. Titiriw wɔ mmofra mu no, nsɛm bi wɔ hɔ a honam ani akisikuru betumi apue bere a wɔanom aduru te sɛ Amoxicillin bɛyɛ nnafua 7 mpo akyi.
Nea ɛho hia yiye: Sɛ wo anaa obi a wunim no nya sɛnkyerɛnne biara a emu yɛ den (anaphylaxis) bere a woanom penicillin akyi a, kɔ ayaresabea no Dwumadibea a Ɛhwɛ Ntɛmntɛm (ETU) anaa frɛ ambulance a ɛnkyɛ . Eyi yɛ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu.
Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛwɔ ɔhaw a ɛba ne nea ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw ntam?
Ɛha na nnipa pii adwene tu fra. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ nnuru nyinaa betumi anya nsunsuanso nketenkete. Mpɛn pii no, wɔnyɛ aniberesɛm na ɛkɔ nna kakraa bi mu. Nanso allergy yɛ biribi a anibere wom kɛse.
| Nsunsuanso bɔne a ɛtaa de penicillin ba | Penicillin Allergy Ho Nsɛnkyerɛnne |
|---|---|
| - a woabre kakra - a ewo yafunu mu yare kakra - Tipaeɛ - bea a wode injection no ye no ye kɔkɔɔ kakra na ɛyɛ itchy. | - a ɛyɛ akisikuru anaase akisikuru a emu yɛ den a ɛtrɛw kɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa - anim, menewa, akwaa a ehohoro - a ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome - a efe anaase akisikuru a emu ye den |
| Mpɛn pii no, eyinom nyɛ aniberesɛm. | Eyinom betumi ayɛ aniberesɛm na ehia sɛ wɔkɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara. |
Sɛ wunnim sɛ ebia aduru bi a efi mu ba anaasɛ akisikuru bi na ɛma wonom aduru bi a, ade a eye sen biara a wobɛyɛ ne sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa .
Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ wowɔ saa akisikuru yi ankasa anaa?
Wo duruyɛfo no besi eyi so dua. Nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ:
1. Wobebisa wo nsɛm a ɛkɔ akyiri: Nea edi kan no, oduruyɛfo no bebisa wo nnuru a wonom, bere tenten a egyee ansa na yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no da adi, ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a wunyae.
2. Allergy Skin Test: Eyi ne ɔkwan titiriw a wɔfa so yɛ no.
- Scratch Test: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wode penicillin afã abien bɛhyɛ wo honam ani na woayɛ scratch ketewaa bi. Bɛyɛ simma 15 akyi no, wɔhwɛ baabi a ɛhɔ yɛ kɔkɔɔ, ahonhon, na ɛte sɛ nea nwansena aka no anaa. Sɛ saa a, ɛyɛ adepa a efi mu ba.
- Intradermal Test: Sɛ atifi hɔ nhwehwɛmu no nyɛ papa a, wɔyɛ eyi akyi. Ɛha yi, wɔde ade ketewaa bi de penicillin kakraa bi pɛ gu honam ani. Ɛno akyi no, wɔtwɛn honam ani no simma 15 hwɛ sɛ ebia biribi wɔ hɔ anaa.
Sɛ nhwehwɛmu abien yi nyinaa nyɛ papa a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya akisikuru a emu yɛ den a ɛba ntɛm ara (anaphylaxis) no sua koraa. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔ oduruyɛfo hwɛ ase no, wobetumi ama wo penicillin kakraa bi na wɔatwɛn bɛyɛ dɔnhwerew fã ahwɛ sɛ wo nipadua no bɛyɛ n’ade anaa.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wosa obi a ne ho yɛ no hyew?
Ayaresa no gyina sɛnea wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no mu yɛ den so.
- Penicillin a Wobegyae: Ade a edi kan a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ wubegyae nnuru no nom ntɛm ara.
- Nnuru a ɛko tia histamine: Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw saa aduru anaa srade yi ama sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ honam ani akisikuru ne akisikuru.
- Nnuru a wɔde yɛ corticosteroid: Sɛ ɛho ahonhon kɛse, ɔfe, anaasɛ ɛyɛ wo yaw a, wɔde saa nnuru yi (pills anaa creams) ma.
- Epinephrine injection: Wɔde eyi ma ma akisikuru a emu yɛ den sen biara, anaphylaxis. Eyi yɛ aduru a egye nkwa a wɔde ma wɔ Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) mu.
Sɛ ne ho yɛ no hyew wɔ penicillin ho a, so akwan foforo wɔ hɔ a wubetumi afa so?
Yiw, akyinnye biara nni ho!Sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew wɔ penicillin ho a, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ sɛ wunya ɔyare mmoawa a, wontumi nsa wo yare. Nnuru afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a eye paa a wɔde besi ananmu. Nhwɛsoɔ:
- Tetracyclines (doxycycline) a wɔde yɛ nnuru .
- Ciprofloxacin a wɔde yɛ nnuru
- Clarithromycin a wɔde yɛ aduru
Enti, sɛ wowɔ penicillin ho akisikuru a, di kan ka ho asɛm kyerɛ oduruyɛfo biara (asen ho oduruyɛfo mpo) bere a worekɔpɛ aduru no.
Nsɛmmisa a ɛsɛ sɛ wubisa fa penicillin akisikuru ho
Sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn a, bisa saa nneɛma yi ho asɛm.
- "Oduruyɛfo, so mewɔ penicillin akisikuru ampa? Anaasɛ ɛyɛ aduru no ho nkate ara kwa?"
- "Nnuru foforo bɛn na ekum ɔyare mmoawa a metumi anom sen penicillin?"
- "Mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ honam ani akisikuru? So ɛsɛ sɛ mede biribiara gu so?"
- "Bere tenten ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ menom nnuru a wɔde kum histamine?"
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Penicillin ho akisikuru yɛ bere a yɛn ankasa nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no nyɛ ade wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so wɔ aduru no ho.
- Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a emu yɛ den te sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome, wo nipadua no nyinaa hohoro, anaasɛ wobɛtotɔ piti a, ɛyɛ ntɛmpɛ. Kɔ ayaresabea no Dwumadibea a Ɛhwɛ Nneɛma a Ɛho Hia Ntɛmntɛm (ETU) ntɛm ara.
- Ɛnyɛ honam ani akisikuru anaa yafunu mu yaw biara a wubenya bere a wonom aduru bi no na ɛyɛ nea ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew. Ebetumi nso ayɛ ɔyare bɔne a ɛfata. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa na ama woahwɛ ahu.
- Sɛ wowɔ penicillin ho akisikuru a, ka kyerɛ wo nnuruyɛfo ne wo sẽ ho animdefo nyinaa.
- Penicillin ho akisikuru betumi afi hɔ bere a bere kɔ so no. Wubetumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu bio wɔ mfe bi akyi de asi so dua.
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