So worehwere pigment a ɛwɔ w’ani mu? (Pigment Dispersion Syndrome) - So eyi betumi de atiridiinini (Pigmentary Glaucoma) aba?

So woasusuw pɛn sɛ nneɛma nketenkete betumi ayera wɔ w’ani mu na ɛde ɔhaw ahorow aba? Nokwarem no, ɛtɔ mmere bi a nneɛma nketenkete a ɛwɔ yɛn aniwa mu no betumi ayɛ mmerɛw na asiw akwan a nsu a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu no fa so no ano. Sɛ eyi ba a, nhyɛso a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu no yɛ kɛse, na ebetumi ama obi anya tebea bi a asiane wom a wɔfrɛ no glaucoma . Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka tebea a ɛte saa biako ho asɛm, Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) ne Pigmentary Glaucoma (PG) a ebetumi afi mu aba.

Dɛn ne pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS) ne pigmentary glaucoma (PG)?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyinom yɛ nnipa baanu a wɔanya yare koro. Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) yɛ bere a pigment a ɛwɔ w’aniwa , a ɛma w’aniwa kɔla no mu paapae yɛ nketenkete na efi ase sensɛn nsu a ɛwɔ w’aniwa mu no mu. Fa no sɛ paint a ɛrepaapae dua dedaw bi so.

Sɛ PDS tebea yi kɔ so kyɛ, ebia mfe anaa mfe du du mpo a, ebetumi abɛyɛ tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no pigmentary glaucoma (PG) . Ɛnyɛ obiara a ɔwɔ PDS na obenya PG . However, the longer you have PDS , the greater your risk of developing PG .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS) ma obi nya atiridiinini?

Sɛ yɛbɛte eyi ase a, ɛsɛ sɛ yedi kan hu nea ɛkɔ so wɔ aniwa no mu kakra. W’aniwa anim yɛ ntini a ɛyɛ tratraa a ɛte sɛ nkaa a aduru bi a wɔfrɛ no melanin , a ɛma w’aniwa kɔla wɔ mu. Saa iris yi wɔ mmeae abien wɔ n’anim ne n’akyi. Nsu bi a wɔfrɛ no nsu mu aseresɛm ahyɛ mmeae yi ma . Nsu yi nhyɛso ne nea ɛma aniwa no kɔ so yɛ kurukuruwa.

Sɛ wowɔ PDS , w’aniwa no ntumi nkura ne nsusuwii mu yiye bio na ɛkotow kɔ akyi dodo. Afei aniwa no akyi no petepete ntini nhama a ɛhwɛ sɛnea aniwa no ahwehwɛ no te so no so. Bere a w’aniwa no trɛw na ɛtwetwe (i.e., iris no twetwe na ɛtwetwe ma hann no fa mu) no, aduru a ɛwɔ ahwehwɛ no mu no yɛ mmerɛw.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no pɛpɛɛpɛ a, saa nneɛma a wɔde yɛ nneɛma yi repete, te sɛ nea kɔla no repete dua bi so no.

Pigment asinasin a ayɛ mmerɛw no sensɛn nsu mu aseresɛm no mu na wɔde kɔ aniwa no afã afoforo. Nsu bi wɔ hɔ a ɛma nsu a ɛyɛ aseresɛm yi tumi fi aniwa no mu. Wɔfrɛ no trabecular meshwork . Pigment asinasin a ayɛ mmerɛw no betumi aboaboa ano wɔ saa trabecular meshwork yi mu na asɛe no. Sɛ eyi ba a, aseresɛm a ɛyɛ nsu noNsu no ntumi nkɔ aniwa no mu yiye. Eyi ma nhyɛso a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu no yɛ kɛse. Wɔfrɛ eyi aniwa mu mogya mmoroso . Sɛ eyi kɔ so a, awiei koraa no ebetumi ama obi anya atiridiinini . Sɛ wɔansa atiridiinini a, ebetumi ama obi ani abere kɛse a wontumi nsakra no, na n’ani afura mpo.

Dɛn ne PDS ne PG ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Mpɛn pii no, PDS mfa sɛnkyerɛnne biara mma. Enti, nnipa pii nnim mpo sɛ wɔwɔ yare no. Nanso, sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ba a, mpɛn pii no ɛte sɛ atiridiinini ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba no . Nea ɛka ho ne:

• Aniwa mu yaw
• Aniwa a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ
• Hann ho nkate ( photophobia ) ​​.
• Halo anaa hann a ɛhyerɛn a wubehu wɔ akanea ho

Ebia nnipa binom benya aniwa mu nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro bere tiaa bi, wɔn ani nhu ade yiye, anaasɛ halo ahorow a atwa akanea ho ahyia, te sɛ bere a wɔreteɛteɛ wɔn apɔw mu. Nanso eyinom befi hɔ bere tiaa bi akyi.

Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde PDS ba?

Abenfo da so ara nnim nea ɛde PDS ba ankasa , nanso wɔahu nneɛma pii a ebia ɛde ba.

• Awosu mu nneɛma: Nhwehwɛmu ahu abusuabɔ bi a ɛda DNA mu nsakrae ahorow bi ne PDS/PG ntam. This is why PDS and PG can run in families. Nanso, ɛyɛ den sɛ yebehu sɛnea ɛbɛkɔ so.
• Mfe a wɔadi: Wɔtaa hu PDS wɔ nnipa a wɔadi fi mfe 20 kosi 50 mu.
• Ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna: PDS ne PG tebea horow ka mmarima kɛse.
• Abusuakuw: Nnipa a wofi abibifo anaa Asiafo mu no nni asiane a ɛba fam sɛ wobenya PDS ne PG . Aborɔfo wɔ asiane kɛse mu.
• Nhumu a ɛbɛn (Myopia): Nnipa a wɔwɔ myopia , a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wontumi nhu akyirikyiri no wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya PDS ne PG . Dodow a wuhu ade yiye no, dodow no ara na ɛda adi sɛ wubenya PDS anaasɛ ebetumi adan PG .
• Aniwa nhyehyɛe: Sɛ w’anim dan no mu dɔ a, ɛda adi sɛ wubenya PDS ne PG . Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ, sɛ dan no mu dɔ a, nsu pii betumi aboaboa ano wɔ mu. Eyi betumi ama iris no "akotow" akɔ akyi, akɔ ahwehwɛ no so. Afei nso, ani a ɛyɛ tratraa betumi ayɛ ade a ɛde ba.
• Dwumadi a ɛboro so dodow: Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ anaa apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛboro so neNhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ abusuabɔ bi wɔ PDS/PG ntam. Sɛ wowɔ PDS anaa PG , ɛda adi sɛ w’ani duruyɛfo bebisa wo apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ho asɛm. Sɛ wo dwumadi dodow renya tebea yi so nkɛntɛnso a, ebia wobetu wo fo sɛ tew so.

Dɛn ne Nneɛma a Ɛto so Abien a Wɔpete?

Ntease afoforo nso wɔ hɔ a enti ebia w’aniwa no rehwere kɔla. Wɔfrɛ eyi "PDS a ɛto so abien." Eyi yɛ soronko wɔ "primary PDS" ho. PDS titiriw ne bere a PDS ba a aduruyɛ mu tebea foforo biara nni mu. Nanso, PG betumi aba wɔ PDS a ɛto so abien nso mu.

Nneɛma bi a ebetumi ama PDS a ɛto so abien aba ne:

• Asiane ahorow a ɛwɔ aniwa so
• Tumors (nnyin) a ɛba aniwa no mu
• Aniwa mu ahwehwɛ (IOL ) a ɛtwetwe .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahu PDS ne PG?

Ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so ahu PDS ansa na sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ada adi ne sɛ wɔbɛyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu daa . Nsakrae a ɛba aniwa no mu a wobetumi ahu bere a wɔreyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu esiane PDS anaa PG nti no bi ne:

• Krukenberg spindle: Eyi yɛ nsensanee a ɛyɛ tratraa a ɛda hɔ gyina hɔ a epue wɔ w’aniwa anim , kɔla koro no ara ne w’aniwa anim. Ɛba bere a wɔpia nsu kɔ anim bere a nhyɛso a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu no kɔ soro no, na ɛma aduru a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no bata ani no mu.
• Radial iris defects: Eyinom yɛ nsensanee nketenkete a ɛyɛ kɔla a epue wɔ iris no so. Wɔte sɛ sakre ntwahonan a wɔde hyɛ mu. Aniwa ho ɔbenfo betumi de kanea ho akwan titiriw bi ahu eyinom.
• Pigmentation a ɛbɛn iris no akyi ano: W’ani ho ɔbenfo betumi de sɔhwɛ bi a wɔfrɛ no gonioscopy adi dwuma de ahu granules a pigmented a wɔde asie hɔ.

Nsɔhwɛ ahorow a w’ani ho ɔbenfo betumi de adi dwuma

Atiridiinini nhwehwɛmu pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aboa ma wɔahu PDS ne PG . Wɔyɛ eyinom bi bere a wɔreyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa no. Afoforo nso yɛ wɔn a wɔyɛ adwuma titiriw kakra. W’ani ho ɔbenfo bɛkyerɛ wo nhwehwɛmu ahorow a eye sen biara a ɛbɛboa ma woahu anaasɛ woayi PDS ne PG afi hɔ .

Mpɛn pii no, ebia nea edidi so yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa ka sɔhwɛ ahorow yi ho:

• Slit kanea sɔhwɛ
• Tonometry ( a wɔde susuw aniwa mu nhyɛso) .
• Tomography a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma a ɛne ne ho hyia (OCT) .
• Pachymetry (a wɔde susuw ani no mu duru) .
• Gonioscopy (aniwa no mu nsu a ɛkɔ mu no mu nhwehwɛmu) .
• Aniwa mu sɔhwɛ ( sɔhwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri hwɛ) .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa PDS ne PG?

PDS ne PG ayaresa te sɛ atiridiinini ahorow afoforo a wɔsa no ara pɛ . Ebia ayaresa ahorow yi bi ne nea edidi so yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa:

• Nnuru: Glaucoma nnuru yɛ adwuma denam nhyɛso a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu a ɛtew so wɔ akwan horow so no so. Nnuru bi yɛ adwuma denam w'aniwa a ɛtrɛw na ɛma nsu a ɛyɛ aseresɛm no kɔ soro no so . Afoforo nso yɛ adwuma denam aseresɛm a nsu wom a wɔtew so . Eyinom na wɔtaa nya sɛ aniwa mu aduru.
• Glaucoma oprehyɛn: Mpɛn pii no, saa adeyɛ yi bɔ mmɔden sɛ ɛbɛma nsu a ɛsen ne nsu a ɛkɔ mu no atu mpɔn. Nhwɛso ahorow bi ne trabeculectomy , goniotomy, ne oprehyɛn ahorow bi a wɔde laser yɛ.

Mpɛn pii no, ɛsɛ sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ PDS ne PG de ɔkwan a wɔfa so ka bom di dwuma na ama wɔanya nea eye sen biara. Sɛ nhwɛso no, laser oprehyɛn a wɔde nnuru ka ho. Saa kwan yi tu mpɔn yiye sɛ nnuru nkutoo mma nhyɛso a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu no so ntew sɛnea ɛsɛ a.

W’ani ho ɔbenfo ne onipa a oye sen biara a ɔbɛma wo nsɛm a ɛfa ayaresa a wubetumi apaw ho. Ɔbɛtu wo fo wɔ sɛdeɛ ayaresa no bɛka wo, nea wobɛtumi apaw, ne nsunsuansoɔ bɔne a wobɛtumi ahwɛ kwan.

Sɛ mewɔ saa tebea yi a, dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ kwan?

Ɛnyɛ obiara a ɔwɔ PDS na obenya PG . Nanso, asiane no kɔ soro bere a bere kɔ so no. Nnipa a wɔwɔ PDS no mu bɛyɛ 10% benya PG wɔ mfeɛ 10 mu. Mfeɛ 15 akyi no, saa dodoɔ no kɔ soro kodu 15%. Wɔ nkwa nna nyinaa mu no, asiane yi yɛ 35% kosi 50%.

Esiane sɛ PDS ne PG taa fi ase ntɛm koraa sen atiridiinini ahorow afoforo nti, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wodi tebea yi ho dwuma yiye sɛnea wobetumi. Ɛno fã bi ne sɛ wobɛkɔ so akɔ w’ani duruyɛfo nkyɛn na woadi w’akyi.

Saa nhyehyɛe ahorow yi betumi ayɛ asram abiɛsa kosi asia biara, anaa pɛnkoro afe biara, a egyina wo tebea so. Saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi betumi aboa wo duruyɛfo ma wahu aniwa mu nhyɛso biara a ɛkɔ soro na akamfo ayaresa ahorow a ɛbɛma asɛe anaasɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no asiw ano sɛ ɛrenyɛ kɛse.

Wo deɛPDS anaa PG a wobɛkɔ so ahwɛ na woadi ho dwuma no ne ade titiriw a ɛbɛma woakora w’ani so. Anifurae a ɛtra hɔ daa ho yɛ na koraa wɔ nnipa a wodi wɔn oduruyɛfo titiriw afotu akyi, wɔkɔ nhwehwɛmu daa , na wɔhwɛ wɔn tebea no so no mu.

So wobetumi asiw PDS anaa PG ano?

Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, biribiara nni hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ de asiw PDS ne PG ano . Wɔba mpofirim, na nnipa pii nnim mpo sɛ wɔwɔ saa tebea horow yi kosi sɛ oduruyɛfo titiriw bi behu nsakrae yi bere a wɔreyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu daa, anaasɛ kosi sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bɛda adi.

Sɛ mewɔ PDS anaa PG a, mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho?

Sɛ wowɔ PDS anaa PG , nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ de akora w’ani so na woasiw nsɛnnennen a emu yɛ den ano, te sɛ aniwa a ɛyera:

• Hwɛ wo duruyɛfo sɛnea wɔkamfo kyerɛ no. Mma nhwehwɛmu a wɔayɛ ho nhyehyɛe no nmpa wo ti so.
• Fa w’aduru no sɛnea wɔakyerɛw ama wo no. Fa aduru no di dwuma sɛnea wɔakyerɛw ama no, bere a wɔakyerɛw ama no, ne dodow a wɔakyerɛw ama no.
• Sɛ w’ani ho ɔbenfo kamfo kyerɛ a, yɛ nsakrae wɔ w’asetra kwan mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, tew apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛtra so no so.
• Sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi wɔ w’ani so, wunya sɛnkyerɛnne foforo, anaa wunya nsɛmmisa bi fa w’aduru ho a, frɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Sɛ wunya aniwa mu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara. Sɛ wɔansa a, ebetumi asɛe aniwa a wontumi nsakra. Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ yare no wie a, wo ne w’ani ho ɔbenfo nkasa mfa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye wɔ ho kɛse, a egyina wo tebea pɔtee no so, ne nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ sɛ wunya saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔde wɔn kɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara ne:

• Anisoadehu mu nsakrae, te sɛ aniwa a ɛyɛ kusuu mpofirim anaasɛ aniwa a ɛso tew
• Halo foforo anaa nea ɛresɛe anaasɛ hann a ɛhyerɛn wɔ akanea ho
• Aniwa mu yaw a emu yɛ den mpofirim ne/anaasɛ tiyɛ
• Anisoadehu a ɛyera mpofirim (fã bi anaa ne nyinaa) .

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?

Nsɛm bi a wubetumi abisa w’ani ho ɔbenfo:

• Me PDS tebea no mu yɛ den/akɔ anim dɛn? So adan PG ?
• Ayaresa ahorow bɛn na wokamfo kyerɛ?
• Nsunsuanso bɔne bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ kwan fi ayaresa mu? Dɛn na metumi ayɛ de adi saa nsunsuanso bɔne no ho dwuma anaasɛ mɛto ano?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ nsakrae bi wɔ me dwumadi anaa dwumadi ahorow a metaa yɛ no mu?

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Wowɔ Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) anaa Pigmentary Glaucoma (PG) a ɛma wo ho yɛ wo hyew.Sɛ wuhu sɛ wowɔ glaucoma a, ebetumi ayɛ wo ahodwiriw kakra, titiriw sɛ wunya bi wɔ wo mmofraase a. Bere a atiridiinini ahorow dodow no ara nyin akyiri yi wɔ nkwa mu no, PDS ne PG taa nya ntɛm koraa. Bere a tebea horow yi yɛ adwuma wɔ ɔkwan koro no ara so sɛnea atiridiinini ahorow afoforo yɛ no , nsonsonoe atitiriw bi wɔ hɔ. Nanso ade a ɛho hia ne sɛ, sɛ wɔde ayaresa ma daa na wɔsa no yiye a, wobetumi adi PDS ne PG ho dwuma na wɔatumi asiw nsɛnnennen a emu yɛ den te sɛ aniwa a ɛyera anaa anifurae ano anaasɛ wɔasiw ano. Enti, mma wo ho nnpopo na di wo duruyɛfo afotu akyi.

` Glaucoma, Pigment Dispersion Syndrome, Pigmentary Glaucoma, Aniwa Akwahosan, Aniwa Nhyɛso, Anisoadehu, Aniwa mu Nyarewa