So mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no resakra ne su? Momma yɛnka (Poikilocytosis) ho asɛm!

So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wote nka sɛ woabrɛ na woayɛ mmerɛw a ntease biara nnim? Anaasɛ so oduruyɛfo bi ahwɛ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu amanneɛbɔ pɛn na waka biribi te sɛ, "Nsakrae kakra aba wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no nsusuwii mu?" Wɔ mmere a ɛte saa mu no, nsɛmfua a yɛte no mu biako ne `(Poikilocytosis)` (wɔbɔ no: poi-ki-lo-say-to-sis). Sɛ wote saa din yi a, mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu dodo. Eyi nyɛ yare, nanso ebetumi ayɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ biribi foforo rekɔ so wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Enti, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wohu eyi.

Dɛn ankasa ne `(Poikilocytosis)`?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ``Poikilocytosis`` kyerɛ sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu no dodow bi a ɛho hia (kyerɛ sɛ, ɛboro 10%) yɛ nea ɛyɛ soronko. Afei ebia woresusuw sɛ, "Enti dɛn nti na mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no nsusuwii ho hia?"

Susuw ho hwɛ, nkwammoaa, ntini, ne akwaa foforo biara a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no hia ahoɔden na ama atumi atra ase na ayɛ adwuma. Oxygen na ɛma saa ahoɔden no. Hena na onim, oxygen yi, te sɛ gas cylinder a wɔde ba fie no, fa nipadua no nyinaa mu? Ɛno ne yɛn mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no. Mpɛn pii no, sɛ wofa mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛte apɔw a, ne nyinaa kɛse ne ne nsusuwii yɛ pɛ. Te sɛ sika kurukuruwa (te sɛ disk) a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa kakra wɔ n’afã abien no nyinaa.

Enti, sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ yi nsusuwii sesa (`(Poikilocytosis)`) anaasɛ ne kɛse sesa (ɔfoforo wɔ hɔ a wɔfrɛ no `(Anisocytosis)`) a, wontumi mfa oxygen nkɔ yiye. Ɛno ne bere a yenya tebea horow te sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu (mogya a enni mogya no mu). Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ nipadua no mu nkwammoaa nnya mframa pa a ɛdɔɔso, a ɛkyerɛ ahoɔden.

Dɛn ne mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no nsusuwii a ɛnteɛ? (Poikilocytes) .

Nnuruyɛfo kyekyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so yi mu (a wɔsan frɛ no `Poikilocytes`) denam sɛnea ɛte so. Sɛ wowɔ `(Poikilocytosis)` wɔ mogya mu a, wubetumi ahu nea edidi so yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa:

• Acanthocytes / Spur cells : Eyinom te sɛ nsɔe nkorabata. Wɔwɔ ntini atenten a ɛtrɛw a ɛte sɛ nsɔe a ɛpuepue fi nkwammoaa no mu.
• Codocytes / Target cells : Eyinom te sɛ botae board. Kurukuruwa tuntum bi wɔ mfinimfini.
• Dacrocytes / Nusu nkwammoaa : Ɛte sɛ nusu. Nkwammoaa no fã biako yɛ tratraa na ɛyɛ nsensanee.
• Drepanocytes / Sickle cells : Eyinom yɛ nkwammoaa a ɛyɛ tratraa a ɛte sɛ sickle a wobetumi ahu wɔ nnipa a wɔwɔ sickle cell yare no mu.
• Echinocytes : Te sɛ po mu akɔre no, akyi berɛmo a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri pɛpɛɛpɛ akata nkwammoaa no so wɔ ne nyinaa mu.
• Elliptocytes / Ovalocytes anaa Cigar cells : Eyinom yɛ oval na ɛware soronko. Wobetumi ayɛ wɔn kɛse fi nea ɛte sɛ nkesua so kosi nea ɛte sɛ sigaret so.
• Schistocytes : Eyinom yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ asinasin. Mpɛn pii no, wɔn ho yɛ den na abubu, nanso wobetumi ayɛ sɛnea ɛte biara.
• Spherocytes: Ɛyɛ kurukuruwa. Te sɛ bɔɔl ketewaa bi.

Wobetumi de saa ahorow yi mu biara abata aduruyɛ mu tebea pɔtee bi ho.

Dɛn ne tebea yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

``Poikilocytosis`` ho sɛnkyerɛnne gu ahorow gyina nea ɛde ba no so, nanso ɛtaa yɛ nea wohu wɔ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu mu no yɛ pɛ.

mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi ni:

• Mmerewa anaa ɔbrɛ a ɛtra so (ɔbrɛ a wɔte nka ara kwa).
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den (dyspnea) – ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa wɔ nnwuma nketenkete mpo mu.
• Koma a ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm anaasɛ ɛnteɛ (arrhythmia).
• Ɛtɔ da bi a wote "whooshing" nnyigyei bi wɔ w'aso mu (`(pulsatile tinnitus)`).
• Tipaeɛ .
• Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa .
• Wora a ɛyɛ mmerɛw .
• Koko mu yaw .

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu.

Dɛn nti na eyi rekɔ so? Dɛn ne nea enti a ɛte saa?

Yebetumi akyekyɛ nea ɛde mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so yi ba no mu akuw atitiriw abien: nea wonya fi awo mu ne nea wonya . Tebea horow bi te sɛ Myelodysplastic Syndrome betumi de abien no nyinaa aba.

Tebea horow a Wonya Fi Awo Mu

Mpɛn pii no, nea efi awo mu ba no fi mfomso bi a ɛwɔ awosu mu nsɛm (DNA) a mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ hia na ama anyin, ayɛ adwuma, na atra ase yiye no mu. Mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛwɔ nhyehyɛe a ɛnteɛ saa no sɛe ntɛmntɛm ansa na nipadua no atumi ayɛ nkwammoaa foforo. Wɔfrɛ eyi mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ mogya mu .

Tebea horow bi a wonya fi awo mu a ɛde `(Poikilocytosis)` ba:

• `(Awosu mu Elliptocytosis)`
• `(Awosu mu Spherocytosis)`
• `(McLeod Ayaresa)`
• `(Pyruvate Kinase a Ɛho Nhia)`
• `(Sickle Cell Yare)` (Sickle Cell Yare) .
• `(Thalassemia)`

Mpɛn pii no, eyinom yɛ nneɛma a wɔde kɔ awo ntoatoaso ahorow mu.

Tebea horow a Wɔanya

Bere kɔ so no, ayaresa tebea horow bi nso betumi ama mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no nsusuwii asesa. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ nipadua no nnya aduannuru a ehia na ama ayɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛte apɔw, te sɛ vitamin B12, folate, ne iron a, mogya a ɛtɔ gu nipadua no mu ahorow betumi aba. Poikilocytosis yɛ aduannuru a enni nipadua mu yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba. Ebetumi nso afi nyarewa a esiw mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a wɔyɛ no kwan, te sɛ kokoram ahorow bi mu.

Tebea horow a ɛba akyiri yi a ɛde `(Poikilocytosis)` ba no bi ne:

• Autoimmune Hemolytic Mogya a Ɛma Nnipa Nyinaa
• Ɔhyew (sɛ ɛtrɛw a) .
• `(Celiac Yareɛ)`
• Nyarewa ahorow ahorow
• mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a dade nnim
• Asaabo mu Yare
• Leukemia (mogya mu kokoram) .
• Mmɛn Yare
• Megaloblastic anemia (esiane vitamin B12 anaa folate a enni nipadua mu nti) .
• `(Myelofibrosis)`
• Awuduru (sɛ nhwɛso no, kɔbere) .
• Nea wɔyɛ wɔ mogya a wɔde ma ho
• Sɛnea wɔyɛ wɔn ade wɔ akyi berɛmo a wɔatwa no ho
• Ɔwɔ a wɔka wɔn

Nsɛnnennen bɛn na eyi betumi de aba?

Wobetumi de ayaresa adi tebea horow pii a ɛde poikilocytosis ba no ho dwuma, na wobetumi asa ebinom koraa. Nanso, sɛ wɔansa tebea horow bi a, ebetumi abɛyɛ nea emu yɛ den na ɛde nkwa mpo ato asiane mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ mogya atɔ wo a, ebia wobɛbrɛ araa ma wuntumi nyɛ wo da biara da dwumadi ahorow. Sɛ bere kɔ so no, wohwere mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛte apɔw a ɛdɔɔso a, ebetumi de tebea horow te sɛ akwaa a entumi nyɛ adwuma aba .

Titiriw wɔ mmofra nkumaa mu no, sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a wɔansa a, ebetumi aka wɔn nyin ne wɔn nkɔso.

Enti, sɛ wo duruyɛfo hu nea ɛde wo Poikilocytosis no ba ankasa wie a, ɔde ayaresa a ɛho hia bɛma de asiw nsɛnnennen te sɛ eyinom ano.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu eyi pɛpɛɛpɛ? (Nyare a Wɔahu) .

Sɔhwɛ titiriw a oduruyɛfo betumi de ahu poikilocytosis ne mogya a wɔde srasra nipadua no akyi (PBS) . Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ lab technician bi fa wo mogya a ɛtɔ gu fam na ɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwɛ. Afei wobetumi ahu wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no dodow a ɛyɛ nwonwa ne sɛnea ɛte.

Nkwammoaa ahorow bi abu so kɛse wɔ yare tebea pɔtee bi mu. Nanso, wɔ yare tebea koro no ara mu mpo no, nkwammoaa ahorow betumi aba. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ tebea horow te sɛ `(Hemolytic Anemia)`, `(Megaloblastic Anemia)`, `(Myelofibrosis)`, `(Thalsemia)` mu no, wobetumi ahu nkwammoaa ahorow pii a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so.

Ebia ɛho behia sɛ wo nnuruyɛfo yɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo bi na ama wɔahu nea ɛde wo poikilocytosis no ba ankasa.

Sɔhwɛ foforo a wɔbɛyɛ de ahu nea ɛde `(Poikilocytosis)` ba

Wɔtaa yɛ mogya dodow a edi mũ (CBC) ka PBS ho. CBC no betumi ama woanya nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no ho nsɛm pii, a ne dodow ne ne kɛse ka ho. Nneɛma a ɛwɔ CBC no bi betumi ama wɔanya mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no ho nsɛm pii, na ebetumi aboa ma wɔahu nea ɛde Poikilocytosis ba. Saa gyinapɛn ahorow yi bi ne:

• `Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)` : Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no kɛse.
• `Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH)` : Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, hemoglobin dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ mu.
• ``Ɛkyerɛ sɛ Corpuscular Hemoglobin dodow (MCHC)''.: Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, hemoglobin dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ mu no bo.
• `Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW)` : Sɛnea wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no kɛse gu ahorow.

Bio nso, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahwɛ sɛnea wo vitamin B12, folate, ne iron dodow te, na obetumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ wo mmerɛbo dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu nso.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa eyi?

Ayaresa no gyina nea ɛde wo poikilocytosis ba ne sɛnea wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no mu yɛ den no so.

Kae sɛ, sɛ nea ɛde tebea yi ba ne aduannuru a enni nipadua mu (e.g. iron, vitamin B12 a enni nipadua mu), aduannuru a ɛfata a wobɛnom, anaasɛ wobɛdan akɔ aduan a vitamin B12 anaa folate pii wom so a, ɛtaa betumi asiesie saa `(Poikilocytosis)` tebea yi.

Tebea horow pii a wonya fi awo mu hwehwɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ so yiye . Ebia ebehia sɛ wɔma wo mogya daa na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ wowɔ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛte apɔw a ɛdɔɔso. Anaasɛ ebia wubehia ayaresa a egyina sɛ ebia wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so nkutoo.

So wobetumi asiw tebea yi ano?

Yɛrentumi nsiw awosu mu nneɛma a ɛde ``Poikilocytosis ba no ano.`` Nanso, yebetumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ nneɛma bi a efi ase akyiri yi mu no so.

Akwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so ahwɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no mu biako ne sɛ wubenya aduannuru a wo nipadua hia na ama ayɛ no. Hwɛ hu sɛ wubenya vitamin B, folate, ne iron a ɛdɔɔso . Eyinom yɛ nneɛma atitiriw a wo nipadua hia na ama ayɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛte apɔw. Ɛboa nso ma nsa dodow a wonom no ano brɛ ase . Nsã pii betumi ama ayɛ den ama wo nipadua sɛ ɛbɛtwe saa aduannuru yi.

Dɛn na ɛbɛba daakye? (Nsusuwii) .

Mpɛn pii no, sɛ nea ɛde `(Poikilocytosis)` ba no yɛ tebea a efi ase akyiri yi a, nkɔmhyɛ no taa yɛ papa. Wɔ nneɛma a efi awo mu ho no, ɛsono nea ɛbɛba daakye a egyina tebea a ɛde ba no so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ɛwom sɛ wɔtaa bu nnipa a wɔwɔ `(Sickle Cell Disease)` nkwa nna sɛ ɛyɛ tiaa de, nanso mprempren ayaresa foforo ama atumi atra ase bɛboro mfe 50 bere a wodi sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so no.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wowɔ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne (nneɛma a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm, te sɛ ɔbrɛ ne mmerɛwyɛ) a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.

Sɛ mpo wote nka sɛ wowɔ apɔwmuden na wunni yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara a, ɛho hia sɛ wokɔhwɛ wo afe biara. Wo duruyɛfo nso betumi ahwɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa mu. Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den, te sɛ mogya a wɔkan koraa (CBC) betumi aboa ma wɔahu akwahosan ho haw ahorow na wɔasa ansa na ayɛ aniberesɛm.

So eyi ``Poikilocytosis'' yɛ tebea a emu yɛ den?

`(Poikilocytosis)` ankasa nyɛ aniberesɛm. Nanso, ɛyɛEbetumi ayɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea bi a ɛda adi a sɛ wɔansa a, ebetumi de nsɛnnennen aba ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Enti, ɛho hia sɛ yɛte nea ɛde `(Poikilocytosis)` ba no ase pɛpɛɛpɛ na sɛ ɛho hia a, yɛhwehwɛ ayaresa.

Ebia poikilocytosis bɛyɛ te sɛ tebea a emu yɛ den, nanso ɛnte saa. Ɛyɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no su bi kɛkɛ a nnuruyɛfo de hwɛ w’akwahosan. Sɛ wuhu sɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no nyɛ nea ɛfata a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo no ho asɛm. Obetumi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ ebia ɛreka w’akwahosan, na sɛ ɛte saa a, nea wubetumi ayɛ de ayi tebea no afi hɔ anaasɛ woadi tebea a ɛde ba no ho dwuma.

Nneɛma a ɛho hia paa a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, enti, nsɛntitiriw a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae fi nea yɛaka ho asɛm no mu ne eyinom:

• Poikilocytosis yɛ bere a wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ bɛboro 10% yɛ nea ɛnteɛ.
• Eyi nyɛ yare, nanso ebetumi ayɛ tebea bi a ɛda adi ho sɛnkyerɛnne.
• Wobetumi ahu mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne (ɔbrɛ, mmerɛwyɛ, honam ani hwɛbea) nso wɔ asɛm yi mu.
• Ebia nea ɛde ba no fi awo mu anaasɛ wonya (aduan pa a wonnya nni, nyarewa bi).
• Wobetumi de mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den (`PBS`, `CBC`) ahu eyi.
• Ayaresa no gyina nea ɛde ba no so, nanso mpɛn pii no wobetumi adi ho dwuma.
• Aduan pa a wobɛkɔ so akura mu no betumi aboa ma wɔasiw nneɛma bi a ɛde ba akyiri yi no ano.
• Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne bi anaasɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa wɔ eyi ho a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwehwɛ afotu.

Enti, mewɔ anidaso sɛ saa nsɛm yi ho bɛba wo mfaso. Kɔ so nya apɔwmuden!

` Poikilocytosis, Mogya Nkwammoaa Kɔkɔɔ, Mogya Nkwammoaa Nsusuwii, Mogya a Wɔyare, Mogya mu Nhwehwɛmu, Akwahosan, Mogya Mu Nkwammoaa, Mogya mu Nkwammoaa Kɔkɔɔ, Mogya mu Nhwehwɛmu