Ɔtamfo a ɔyɛ komm a ofi mfutuma mu: So wunim silicosis?

So woasusuw pɛn sɛ mfutuma nketenkete a yɛhome no betumi de ahurututu mu nyarewa a emu yɛ den aba? Saa asiane yi yɛ kɛse titiriw ma yɛn a yɛyɛ nnwuma bi no. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka ahurututu mu yare bi a ɛyɛ hu kakra, nanso wobetumi asiw ano denam hu a yebehu so, a efi nneɛma nketenkete a wɔfrɛ no silica a ɛde mfutuma a yɛhome kɔ nipadua no mu na ɛde ba no ho asɛm. Nnuruyɛfo frɛ saa yare yi `Silicosis`.

Dɛn ne silicosis yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, silicosis yɛ ahurututu mu yare a ɛnam nneɛma nketenkete a ɛte sɛ ahwehwɛ a wɔfrɛ no silicon dioxide anaa silica a wɔhome mu na ɛba. Sɛ wowɔ saa tebea yi a, wubetumi ahu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ ɔfe, ahurututu mu ɔfe, ne ahurututu mu akuru, tebea a wɔfrɛ no fibrosis .

Sɛ wɔka saa sɛnkyerɛnne abiɛsa yi bom a, yɛfrɛ nyarewa kuw no ``pneumoconioses.'' Eyinom yɛ nyarewa a efi mfutuma a wɔhome mu ba. Te sɛ nyarewa a efi asbestos mu ba no, silicosis yɛ ahurututu mu yare a efi adwuma mu ba. Ɛne sɛ, ɛnam silica nketenkete a wohome bere a woreyɛ w’adwuma no so na ɛba.

Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, wontumi nsa silicosis koraa anaasɛ wobetumi asan asɛe ahurututu no. Nanso, nnuruyɛfo betumi asa, adi yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne so, na wɔama wo ahotɔ kakra.

Dɛn ne silicosis ahorow atitiriw?

Silicosis betumi anya nkɔso wɔ akwan atitiriw abiɛsa so:

1. Silicosis a enni sabea: Eyi ne nea abu so sen biara. Ɛtaa ba bere a wɔde wɔn ho ahyɛ silica mfutuma dodow a wotumi home mu bɛboro mfe 10 akyi . Silica dodow a ɛwɔ mfutuma no mu nso ka eyi. Silicosis a enni sabea ahorow abien na ɛwɔ hɔ: silicosis a ɛnyɛ den ne fibrosis kɛse a ɛkɔ so.

2. Subacute silicosis: Wɔsan frɛ eyi ``accelerated silicosis.'' Eyi betumi aba wɔ bere tiaa bi mu, mfe abien kosi anum ntam . Ɛwom sɛ bere no yɛ tiaa de, nanso silica a wɔde hyɛ mu no dɔɔso koraa.

3. Acute silicosis: Eyi betumi aba denneennen, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebetumi aba bere a wɔde wɔn ho ahyɛ nneɛma nketenkete a silica ɔha biara mu nkyem kɛse wom mu bere tiaa bi te sɛ asram kakraa bi akyi . Eyi ne ɔkwan a asiane wom na ɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm sen biara.

Hena na ɛda adi kɛse sɛ obenya silicosis?

Silicosis ne adwuma a woyɛ no wɔ abusuabɔ kɛse.Sɛ woyɛ adwuma wɔ nnwuma a edidi so yi mu a, asiane kɛse wom sɛ wubenya silicosis sen afoforo.

• Abo a wotu ne abo a wotu: Mmeae a ɛte sɛɛ wɔ yɛn man yi mu nso. Nnipa a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ mmeae a wotu abo tuntum na wotwa dɔte no wɔ asiane mu.
• Adansi, adansi ne adan a wobubu: Silica mfutuma fi adi bere a wɔreyɛ adwuma te sɛ kɔnkrit a wɔretwitwa, nnua a wɔretwitwa, ne birikisi a wɔretwitwa.
• Abo adwuma, a abo a wɔde yɛ countertop ka ho: Saa mfutuma yi ba bere a wɔreyɛ abo countertops ama adididan ne aduankorabea, ne bere a wɔretwitwa na wɔreyɛ abo te sɛ granite no.
• Nkuku, dɔte ne ahwehwɛ a wɔyɛ.
• Sandblasting: Bere a wɔde nhyɛso kɛse petepete anhwea so de tew nneɛma a ɛwɔ so no.
• Foundry adwuma: Baabi a wɔde dade nwene na wohwie gu nkuku mu.

Susuw ho hwɛ, sɛ woyɛ adwuma wɔ beae a ɛte sɛɛ a, hokwan kɛse wɔ hɔ sɛ saa atamfo nketewa a wɔfrɛ wɔn silica yi bɛhyɛn w’ahurututu mu.

Dɛn na eyi yɛ nipadua no?

Sɛ silica mu nneɛma nketenkete hyɛn yɛn home nhyehyɛe mu a, ɛyɛ adwuma wɔ ɔkwan a epira so. Saa nneɛma nketenkete yi sɛe nkwammoaa a wɔfrɛ no alveolar macrophages titiriw. Saa macrophages yi yɛ yɛn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no fã. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, wɔte sɛ awɛmfo a wɔwɔ ahurututu mu no . Wɔn adwuma ne sɛ wɔbɛkyere mmoawa ne mfutuma a ɛkɔ ahurututu mu na wɔasɛe no. Nanso sɛ silica nketenkete yi hyɛn mu a, ahobammɔ nkwammoaa yi sɛe. Bere kɔ so no, saa ɔsɛe yi fi ase de ɔfe ne akuru ba ahurututu no mu.

Dɛn ne silicosis ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Silicosis ho sɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw abiɛsa na ɛwɔ hɔ:

• Ɔfe a ɛkɔ so daa.
• Ɔfe a ɛde ahurututu ba.
• Ɔfe/ahohoro a ɛwɔ ahurututu no mu.
• Ahurututu mu akuru (fibrosis).

Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi betumi de nsɛnnennen afoforo aba, a nea ɛka ho ne:

• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den (dyspnea). Mfiase no, ebia ɛbɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome, bere mpo a wugyina hɔ ara kwa no.
• Ɔbrɛ.
• Mrɛyɛ.
• Mu duru a wɔtew so a wɔanhyɛ da.

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa, titiriw sɛ wowɔ adwuma bi a ɛma wunya silica mfutuma a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wohwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara.

Dɛn nti na silicosis ba?

Nea ɛde silicosis ba titiriw ne sɛe w’ahurututu bere a wohome silica mfutuma no. WeiƐtaa ba wɔ adwumayɛbea bi.

So eyi yɛ ɔyare mmoawa?

Dabi, silicosis nyɛ yare a ɛde ɔyare mmoawa ba. Ɛnyɛ mmoawa anaa mmoawa bi na ɛde ba. Worentumi nnye mfi obi a ɔwɔ bi hɔ, na sɛ wunya bi a, wuntumi ntrɛw nkɔ obi foforo so.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ wowɔ silicosis anaa?

Wo duruyɛfo bedi kan abisa wo w’ayaresa ho abakɔsɛm na wayɛ wo nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu. Bere tenten a wode ayɛ adwuma wɔ adwuma bi a ɛde wo to asiane mu sɛ wubenya silicosis mu no yɛ asɛmmisa a ɛho hia yiye wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu .

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ wunni sɛnkyerɛnne biara mpo a, ebia wo duruyɛfo behu sɛ wowɔ silicosis bere a wɔreyɛ mfoninitwa nhwehwɛmu esiane biribi foforo nti. Ebia wobɛte ahome nnyigyei a ɛyɛ soronko nso wɔ w’ahurututu mu bere a wɔreyɛ wo nhwehwɛmu no.

Wobetumi ayɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow a edidi so yi:

• Mfonini a wɔde yɛ nhwehwɛmu: Eyinom bi ne koko mu X-ray ne kɔmputa so mfonini (CT) mfonini a ɛyɛ fɛ. Saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi betumi aboa wo duruyɛfo ma wahu sɛ ebia wowɔ silicosis denam nsɛnkyerɛnne pɔtee bi a ɔbɛhwɛ wɔ w’ahurututu mu no so.
• Ahurututu mu dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu: Saa nhwehwɛmu yi hwɛ sɛnea w’ahurututu reyɛ adwuma yiye. Wɔsusuw nneɛma te sɛ sɛnea wubetumi ahome ntɛmntɛm ne bere tenten a wubetumi akura wo home mu.
• Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ aduruyɛdan mu: Wɔyɛ eyinom de yi tebea afoforo fi hɔ, sɛ nhwɛso no, nyarewa ahorow bi (te sɛ nsamanwaw). Mprempren mogya mu nhwehwɛmu pɔtee biara nni hɔ a ebetumi akyerɛ sɛ silicosis wɔ hɔ.
• Bronchoalveolar lavage: Wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu no, "wɔhohoro" nsu a wogye fi ahurututu no mu no na wɔhwehwɛ mu.
• Ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu: Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wobeyi ntini ketewaa bi afi ahurututu no mu akɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu. Nanso, wɔntaa nyɛ eyi koraa.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa silicosis?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, wontumi nsa silicosis koraa. Ade biako pɛ a wobetumi ayɛ ne sɛ wobedi yare no ho dwuma. Afotu bi a ɛbɛma woatumi ayɛ saa ni:

• Sɛ wonom sigaret anaa wode tawa afoforo di dwuma a, gyae ntɛm ara. Eyi ho hia paa.
• Fa Ankorankoro Ahobammɔ Mfiri (PPE) di dwuma yiye. Anaasɛ, sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a, dan kɔ adwuma a asiane nnim so.
• Fa afiri a ɛma ahurututu mu trɛw (te sɛ nea wɔde home) di dwuma na ama ahome ayɛ mmerɛw.
• Sɛ ɛho hia a, nya oxygen foforo sɛnea wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo no.

Wɔ tebea horow bi a emu yɛ den mu no, oduruyɛfo no nso betumi akamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ ahurututu mu oprehyɛn.

Nokwarem no, wɔrekɔ so ayɛ nnuruyɛ mu sɔhwɛ ahorow de ahwehwɛ nnuru a wɔde sa silicosis. Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ sɛ fa wo ho hyɛ biako mu. Nhwehwɛmufo de nnuru a wɔfrɛ no antifibrotics redi dwuma de asa silicosis ahorow bi. Bere a eyinom bi da so ara wɔ nhwehwɛmu no mu no, FDA apene aduru biako a wɔfrɛ no Nintedanib (OFEV®) so dedaw.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi atew asiane yi so?

Nokwasɛm a ɛyɛ awerɛhow ne sɛ ɛwom sɛ na nkurɔfo nim silicosis ne asiane a ɛwɔ mfutuma a wɔhome mu wɔ tete Helafo ne Romafo bere so de, nanso nnipa da so ara nya saa yare yi nnɛ.

Sɛ wuntumi nkwati nnwuma a asiane wom a, wubetumi atew asiane a wowɔ no so denam mfiri a ɛfata a wode bɛbɔ wo ho ban (PPE) a wode bedi dwuma ne adwumayɛbea ahobammɔ ho nneyɛe a wubedi akyi so .

Sɛ asiane kɛse wɔ w’adwuma mu a, susuw ho sɛ wobɛfa w’adwumawura so ayɛ nhwehwɛmu. Sɛ wohu ntɛm a, ɛno ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so asiw tebea horow a emu yɛ den ano ansa na ayɛ den.

Sɛ wunya silicosis a, dɛn na wubetumi ahwɛ kwan?

Sɛ wowɔ silicosis a, nkɔmhyɛ no gyina nneɛma pii so, a nea ɛka ho ne silica dodow a wode wo ho hyɛɛ mu, bere tenten a wode dii dwuma, mfe a woadi, sɛ ebia wowɔ ayaresa mu tebea afoforo, ne sɛ ebia wobɛkɔ so anya silica.

Tebea no betumi ayɛ nea enye kakra ama wɔn a wonya tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no ``progressive massive fibrosis.''

Nsɛnnennen afoforo a ebetumi aba esiane silicosis nti

Nnipa a wɔwɔ silicosis no wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya tebea horow a edidi so yi:

• Nsamanwaw ne nyarewa afoforo.
• Ahurututu mu kokoram.
• Asaabo mu yare a enni sabea.
• Ahurututu mu yare a enni sabea.
• Nyarewa a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa te sɛ Scleroderma, Rheumatoid arthritis, ne Lupus.

Enti, sɛ wohu sɛ silicosis wɔ hɔ a, ɛho hia sɛ wohu tebea afoforo yi nso.

Sɛ mewɔ silicosis a, mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho?

Sɛ wowɔ silicosis a, nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ de ahwɛ wo ho:

• Gyae sigaretnom ne tawa nneɛma afoforo a wode di dwuma koraa.
• Twe wo ho fi nneɛma afoforo a ɛhyɛ ahurututu mu abufuw te sɛ wusiw a wɔde di dwuma ne nneɛma afoforo a ɛde mframa ho fĩ ho.
• Nya nnuru a wɔde bɔ wo ho ban a wo duruyɛfo kamfo kyerɛ no nyinaa.(e.g. ahurututu mu yareɛ ho aduru, influensa aduru) .
• Sɛ woda so ara reyɛ adwuma wɔ baabi a silica mfutuma wɔ a, fa mfiri a ɛfata a wode bɔ wo ho ban (PPE) di dwuma. Sɛ nhwɛso no, N95 akataso anaa mfiri a wɔde home. Mfutuma akataso anaa anim kyɛm a wɔde kata wɔn ho daa no nnɔɔso.
• Sɛ woreyɛ adwuma wɔ mmeae a silica mfutuma wɔ a, di akwan a ɛfata so, te sɛ mframa pa a wobɛma akɔ so ne nneɛma a ɛma nsu yɛ hyew a wode bedi dwuma de atew mfutuma so.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ woyɛ adwuma wɔ adwumayɛbea bi a wɔde silica di dwuma mu a, ɛho hia sɛ wokɔhwɛ wo daa na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ wowɔ apɔwmuden. Sɛ wunya ɔfe anaa ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.

Sɛ wɔahu sɛ wowɔ silicosis dedaw, na wunya sɛnkyerɛnne foforo te sɛ atiridiinini, ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa a ɛyɛ den, anaasɛ wo mu duru a wɔanhyɛ da , bɔ wo duruyɛfo amanneɛ ntɛm ara.

So silicosis yɛ kokoram?

Dabi, silicosis nyɛ kokoram. Ɛmma wo nkwammoaa nnyin a wuntumi nni so. Nanso, silicosis yɛ asiane a ɛma obi nya ahurututu mu kokoram .

So apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ bɛboa?

Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ betumi ayɛ nea mfaso wɔ so ama obi a ɔwɔ silicosis. Nanso, ɛsɛ sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa fa wo apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ nhyehyɛe no ho. Ebia wo duruyɛfo de wo bɛkɔ nhyehyɛe bi a wɔfrɛ no ahurututu mu ahosiesie mu, na ɛbɛma wo apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ne afotu a ɛbɛboa ma wo home atu mpɔn.

Sɛ wofefe na ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome, na wode silica ne mfutuma a ɛfa ho ayɛ adwuma mfe pii a, ebia wubenya silicosis. Ahurututu mu yare yi yɛ aniberesɛm, na enni ano aduru biara. Nanso, wobetumi asa. Enti, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa ntɛm ara na yɛ nneɛma a ɛho hia na ama woanya apɔwmuden.

Fa nkrasɛm kɔ fie

Mewɔ anidaso sɛ afei de moanya yare a yɛkaa ho asɛm nnɛ a wɔfrɛ no silicosis no ho ntease pa. Kae sɛ eyi yɛ yare a ɛtaa fi adwuma mu na ɛsɛe ahurututu no.

• Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne ahobammɔ. Sɛ woreyɛ adwuma a asiane wom a, fa ahobammɔ nnwinnade a ɛfata di dwuma na di adwumayɛbea ahobammɔ ho mmara akyi.
• Hwɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow. Mma w’ani ngu nneɛma te sɛ ɔfe a ɛkɔ so daa ne ahome a ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome so.
• Mma nntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu. Sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn na kɔhwɛ hɔ.
• Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ silicosis mpo a, wubetumi ama asetra ayɛ mmerɛw denam sigaretnom a wobɛkwati, nnuruyɛfo afotu a wubedi akyi, na woahwɛ wo ho yiye so .

Yɛwɔ anidaso sɛ saa nsɛm yi so bɛba wo ne w’adɔfo so mfaso. Tena apɔwmuden mu obiara!

` Silicosis, ahurututu mu yare, silica, mfutuma, ɔfe, ɔhome a ɛyɛ den, adwuma mu yare, ahurututu mu ntini a ɛyɛ den