Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka asɛmti bi a nnipa pii twentwɛn wɔn nan ase kakra sɛ wɔbɛka ho asɛm wɔ baguam ho asɛm, nanso ɛho hia kɛse ma mmarima akwahosan ne daakye abusua asetra. Ɛno ne mmadwoa. Aniwu biara nni ho sɛ yɛbɛka eyi ho asɛm, ɛyɛ yɛn ankasa nipadua no fã. Enti, momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm pefee, te sɛ nea yɛne yɛn adamfo bi rekasa.
Nea edi kan no, ma yɛnhwɛ nea saa mmadwoa yi yɛ.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, mmadwoa yɛ ɔbarima awo nkwammoaa . Ne nsɛso te sɛ ɔkɔre ketewa, nanso ɛyɛ ketewaa dodo sɛ wɔde aniwa betumi ahu, na afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete nkutoo na wotumi hu. Akokoaa ba bere a mmadwoa nkwammoaa a efi ɔbarima mu ne "nkwaa", awo nkwammoaa foforo a efi ɔbea mu yɛ biako no. Wɔ nnuruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ eyi nyinsɛn a wɔde ma .
Eyi taa ba bere a obi de ne ho abɔ ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna akyi. Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔ wɔn a ɛyɛ den ma wɔn sɛ wobenyinsɛn no fam no, wobetumi afa akwan te sɛ IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) nso so anya saa nyinsɛn yi .
Mpɛn pii no, abarimaa fi ase yɛ mmadwoa bɛyɛ mfe 10-12, anaasɛ bɛyɛ bere a wadi mfe 10 . Ɛno akyi no, ɔwɔ tumi a ɔde ma mmadwoa wɔ n’asetra nyinaa mu. Wɔde din afoforo pii frɛ eyinom, sɛ nhwɛso no `Gametes` anaa `Spermatozoa`.
Dwumadi biako pɛ a mmadwoa yɛ ne mmadwoa dodow
Adwuma titiriw biako pɛ na mmadwoa wɔ: sɛ wɔbɛhwehwɛ ɔbea nkesua, ahyɛ no ma, na ama wanya asetra foforo.
Asɛmmisa bi a nnipa pii wɔ ne sɛ ebia sɛ woantwe wo ho a, ɛbɛpira nipadua no anaa. Ɔhaw biara rensi. Nkwaboaa a ennyi mfi wo nipadua mu no, wo nipadua no ankasa bɛsan agye. Enti biribiara nni hɔ a enti ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhaw yɛn ho wɔ ho.
Afei ma yɛnhwɛ mmadwoa dodow a ɛwɔ nsu a wɔfrɛ no mmadwoa no mu. Mpɛn pii no, ɔbarima a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden mmadwoa mu mmadwoa fi ɔpepem 15 kosi bɛboro ɔpepem 200 wɔ mililita biara mu (bɛyɛ sɛ teaspoon biako). Sɛ mmadwoa dodow nnu ɔpepem 15 wɔ mililita biara mu a, yɛfrɛ saa tebea no Oligospermia .
Ɔkwan bɛn so na mmadwoa akwantu ne ne nkwa nna te?
Wɔ nna a wɔmmɔ ho ban akyi no, mmadwoa ɔpepem pii tu kwan a ɛyɛ den fa ɔbea awotwaa, awotwaa, awotwaa, ne awotwaa mu.
Fa no sɛ ɛyɛ mmirikatu kɛse. Ɛwom mpo sɛ akansifo ɔpepem pii fi akwantu no ase de, nanso mmadwoa a ano yɛ den na ɛwɔ apɔwmuden no mu kakraa bi pɛ na wobetumi anya nea etwa to a wɔde bɛto wɔn ani so, ɛmo no.
Afei nso, ɔbea no nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no hu saa mmadwoa yi sɛ biribi a ɛyɛ ananafo a akɔhyɛn nipadua no mu. Enti, saa nhyehyɛe no nso bɔ mmɔden sɛ ɛbɛsɛe saa mmadwoa yi. Sɛ mmadwoa bi a aka fa akwanside ahorow yi nyinaa mu na ehu nkesua no a, nyinsɛn ba.
Nkwaboaa no tra ase bere tenten ahe?
- Ɔbea nipadua mu: Nkwaboaa tumi tra ɔbea awo nhyehyɛe mu kosi nnafua 5 .
- Wɔ ɔbarima nipadua mu: Nkwaboaa a wɔannye no tumi tra mmadwoa no mu bɛyɛ asram 2.5 . Ɛno akyi no, wowuwu na nipadua no san twetwe wɔn.
- Nipadua no akyi: Eyi gyina nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia so. Sɛ ɛyɛ dan mu hyew (bɛyɛ digrii Celsius 20) a, mmadwoa tumi tra ase bɛyɛ dɔnhwerew biako . Wowuwu ntɛm ara bere a ɔhyew a ɛsakra no. Nanso, wɔ cryogenic tebea soronko (`sperm banking`) mu no, wobetumi akora so mfe du du pii.
Ɛhe na wɔyɛ mmadwoa na wɔn afã horow bɛn?
Wɔyɛ mmadwoa wɔ ntini nketenkete (seminiferous tubes) nhyehyɛe bi mu wɔ wo mmadwoa mu. Sɛ woyi mmadwoa fi adi a, ɛfa ɔkwan a edidi so yi so:
1. Ɔtwe ne ho fi awotwaa mu.
2. Ɛkɔ tube (epididymis) bi a ɛwɔ awotwaa no akyi.
3. Efi hɔ no ɛnam coiled tube (`vas deferens`) so.
4. Ɛfa prostate gland no mu.
5. Awiei koraa no, ɛnam nsu a ɛkɔ ɔbarima no akyi no mu fi ɔbarima no akyi.
Afei ma yɛnhwɛ mmadwoa ketewa yi afã atitiriw.
| Nkwaboaa no fã bi | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu ne dwumadie |
|---|---|
| Tire | Eyi ne ɔfã a ɛho hia sen biara. W’awosu ho nsɛm, anaa DNA , wɔ ha. Nkwaboaa a ɛte apɔw ti yɛ te sɛ almond. Wɔ ti no atifi no, wɔde kyɛw bi a wɔfrɛ no acrosome . Enzyme a ɛwɔ eyi mu no boa ma ɛhyɛn ɛmo no fasu mu na ɛhyɛn mu. |
| Mfinimfini fã | Saa ɔfã yi ma yɛn nipadua mu nkwammoaa ahoɔden.Nneɛma a wɔfrɛ no mitochondria wɔ mu. Te sɛ batere no, mfinimfini fã yi ma ahoɔden a ehia na dua no atumi aguare. |
| Dua (Dua / Flagellum) . | Eyi ne mmadwoa no fã a ɛware sen biara. Ɛyɛ ɔfã a ɛma mmadwoa no kɔ n’anim wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkyinkyin so, te sɛ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn. Saa kankyee yi nso boa ma ɛhyɛn ɛmo no mu. |
Dɛn nti na mmadwoa no nsɛso ho hia?
Nkwaboaa nsɛso yɛ nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ sɛnea mmadwoa te ne sɛnea wɔahyehyɛ no ho. Ɛhwɛ titiriw:
- Ti no nsusuwii ne ne kɛse.
- Sɛnea mfinimfini fã no te.
- Sɛnea wɔahyehyɛ dua no.
Nkwaboaa a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden na wɔayɛ no yiye ne nea etumi guare tẽẽ na ɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm . Sɛ nneɛma bi a ɛnteɛ wɔ wɔn nsusuwii mu a, ebia saa mmadwoa no rentumi nwie wɔn akwantu a wɔde bɛhwehwɛ nkesua no.
Nkwaboaa ahorow a ne nsɛso wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so
| Abnormality (aduruyɛ mu asɛmfua) . | Kyerɛ |
|---|---|
| Nkwaboaa a ɛwɔ acephalic | Nkwaboaa a enni ti. |
| Microcephaly a ɛyɛ mmerɛw | Nkwaboaa a ne ti sua koraa. |
| Macrocephaly a ɛyɛ kɛse | Nkwaboaa a ne ti yɛ kɛse paa. |
| Nkwaboaa a ɛyɛ abien | Nkwaboaa a ɛwɔ ti abien. |
| Acaudate mmadwoa a wɔfrɛ no sperm | Nkwaboaa a enni dua. |
| Bent / Coiled dua a wɔabɔ no | Nkwaboaa a ne dua abɔ anaasɛ ayɛ kurukuruwa. |
Nneɛma bɛn na ɛka mmadwoa akwahosan?
Nkwaboaa ho haw betumi ayɛ ade titiriw a ɛma mmarima ntumi nwo. Ebia wunnim sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ hɔ a ɛka wo mmadwoa kosi sɛ wo ne wo hokafo no behyia ɔhaw wɔ nyinsɛn mu. Tebea horow bi a ɛtaa ba a ebetumi aka mmadwoa akwahosan ni.
Ntini a ɛma mogya tu (varicoceles) .
Eyi yɛ mogya ntini a atwa awotwaa no ho ahyia no a ɛho ahonhon. Sɛ eyi ba a, mogya hyɛ ntini no ma na mmadwoa no hyew kɔ soro. Saa ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro yi betumi aka mmadwoa a wɔyɛ ne ne nyin wɔ ɔkwan a enye so.
Testicular trauma a ɛyɛ hu
Sɛ akwanhyia bi sɛe mmadwoa no a, ebetumi aka sɛnea wɔyɛ mmadwoa no tẽẽ.
Nyarewa a wonya fi nna mu (STI) bi .
Nyarewa bi a wonya fi nna mu te sɛ Chlamydia ne Gonorrhea tumi sɛe mmadwoa.
Nnuru bi
Nnuru bi a wonom betumi aka mmadwoa su sɛ nea efi mu ba. Nhwɛsoɔ:
- Flutamide ne bicalutamide, a wɔde sa prostate kokoram.
- Spironolactone, a wɔde ma mogya mmoroso.
- Afei nso, aduru a wɔde si testosterone ananmu (exogenous testosterone therapy) ma nipadua no gyae mmadwoa a efi awosu mu no.
Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ne asetra kwan so nkɛntɛnso
Eyi ho hia paa.
- Nsã a wɔnom ne sigaretnom (sigaret anaa vaping) ka mmadwoa dodow ne ne su tẽẽ.
- Sɛ wɔde mmadwoa no to ɔhyew a ɛboro so mu a , epira mmadwoa. Sauna anaa nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a wɔtaa de di dwuma, ne nkongua anaa mmubuafo akongua a wɔtra mu wɔ tebea koro mu bere tenten no betumi ama awotwaa mu hyew akɔ soro na asɛe mmadwoa.
Nkwammoaa a ɛko tia mmadwoa
Nea ɛba ne sɛ w’ankasa nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no di mfomso hu sɛ mmadwoa yɛ ɔtamfo na afei ɛyɛ nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa de sɛe wɔn.
Nyarewa a efi mmadwoa mu ba
Saa tebea horow yi betumi aka mmadwoa dodow ne ne su.
| Aduruyɛ mu tebea | Nea ɛkyerɛ ara kwa |
|---|---|
| Oligospermia a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwuma | Nkwaboaa dodow a ɛba fam wɔ mmadwoa mu (ennu ɔpepem 15 wɔ mililita biara mu). |
| Azospermia a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwuma | Nkwaboaa a enni mmadwoa mu. Eyi betumi afi awo nhyehyɛe no mu a asiw, te sɛ awotwaa mu ntini a asiw. |
| Teratospermia a ɛma mogya tu | Nkwaboaa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so ɔha biara mu nkyem a ɛkɔ soro wɔ mmadwoa mu, na ɛtew sɛnea wotumi guare kɔ nkesua bi mu na wɔhyɛn mu no so. |
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔbɛhwɛ mmadwoa akwahosan?
Sɔhwɛ a eye sen biara na ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu fa mmadwoa akwahosan ho ne mmadwoa mu nhwehwɛmu . Saa sɔhwɛ yi betumi ama wo duruyɛfo ate nea edidi so yi ase yiye:
- Nkwaboaa dodow: Dodow bɛn na ɛwɔ mu?
- Nkwaboaa nsusuwii: Nkwaboaa a ɛte sɛ apɔwmuden no ɔha biara mu nkyem ahe?
- Nkwaboaa no tumi keka ne ho: Nkwaboaa no tu yiye na ɛkɔ ntɛmntɛm dɛn?
Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde mmadwoa nhwɛsode ma. Wobetumi ayɛ eyi wɔ ayaresabea anaa aduruyɛdan mu. Sɛ wɔde nhwɛsode no ma wɔ fie a, mpɛn pii no ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde kɔ aduruyɛdan mu wɔ dɔnhwerew biako mu .
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ama mmadwoa atu mpɔn?
Asɛmpa no ne sɛ wubetumi ama wo mmadwoa akwahosan ne ne su atu mpɔn denam nsakrae kakraa bi a ɛnyɛ den wɔ w’asetra kwan mu so.
- Gyae sigaretnom koraa. Eyi ne ade a edi kan.
- To nsa a wonom no ano hye. Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛtew so sɛnea wubetumi biara.
- Fa nnuaba ne nhabannuru a wɔayɛ no foforo pii ka w’aduan ho.
- Kura mu duru a ɛfata mu ma wo tenten.
- Yɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa. Sɛ obi nantew simma 30 da biara mpo a, ɛdɔɔso.
- Di adwennwen ho dwuma. Nneɛma te sɛ yoga ne nsusuwii betumi aboa.
- Fa akwan a ahobammɔ wom te sɛ kɔndɔm di dwuma bere a woreda nna mu de bɔ wo ho ban fi nyarewa a wonya fi nna mu ho.Fa di dwuma.
Sɛ worehwɛ akokoaa kwan a, ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo hokafo no nyinaa susuw saa nneɛma yi ho. Ɛte sɛ kuw mmɔdenbɔ.
Awiei koraa no, egye mmadwoa biako pɛ na ama watumi ayɛ akokoaa. Nanso sɛ saa mmadwoa biako no betumi anya ɔkesua no, adi akwanside ahorow so nkonim, na watu saa akwantu a emu yɛ den no a, ehia sɛ mmadwoa ɔpepem pii a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden na ɛyɛ den boa no. Ɛno nti na mmadwoa dodow ne ne su ho hia te sɛ mmadwoa su no.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Nkwaboaa akwahosan ho hia yiye ma ɔbarima biara a ɔrehwehwɛ sɛ obefi abusua ase.
- W’asetra kwan so su ahorow (sigaretnom, nsanom, aduan a wudi, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, adwennwen) nya mmadwoa su so nkɛntɛnso tẽẽ.
- Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wubenyinsɛn a, nfɛre anaasɛ nntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ afotu afi oduruyɛfo a ɔfata hɔ . Nkwaboaa mu nhwehwɛmu yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye na ɛho hia.
- Mprempren nnuru a etu mpɔn wɔ hɔ a wɔde sa mmadwoa ho haw pii, enti mma anidaso.
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