Nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu fa mmadwoa ho: Momma yɛnkasa!

So woasusuw nea mmadwoa yɛ, sɛnea wɔhyehyɛ, ne nea ɛyɛ adwuma ankasa ho pɛn? Ebia ɛbɛyɛ wo aniwu kakra sɛ wobɛka wɔn ho asɛm. Nanso wɔyɛ yɛn nipadua no fã a ɛho hia paa. Enti, ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka biribiara a ɛfa saa mmadwoa yi ho, tiawa koraa, wɔ ɔkwan a wobɛtumi ate aseɛ so.

Dɛn ankasa ne mmadwoa?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, mmadwoa yɛ mmarima nna mu nkwammoaa . Wɔyɛ nkwammoaa bi a ne nsɛso te sɛ ɔkɔre ketewaa bi na wotumi hu wɔ afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete mu nkutoo. Sɛ ɔbarima mmadwoa ne ɔbea nkesua ka bom a, awotwaa bi ba na akokoaa fi ase nyin. Yɛtaa frɛ saa adeyɛ yi `(conception)` anaa `(fertilization)`. Mpɛn pii no, eyi ba bere a wɔafa ɔbea no awotwaa mu akɔ nna akyi. Nanso, ɛtɔ da bi a eyi nso betumi aba denam akwan a wɔde yɛ aduru a wɔde hyɛ mu, sɛ nhwɛso no `(In Vitro Fertilization - IVF)`.

Mpɛn pii no, abarimaa fi ase yɛ mmadwoa bere a wadu ne mpanyin afe so , bere a wadi mfe 10 kosi 12. Ɛno akyi no, otumi yɛ mmadwoa wɔ n’asetra nyinaa mu.

Nkwaboaa wɔ din afoforo pii:

• Mmarima awo nkwammoaa
• Gametes a wɔfrɛ no gametes
• Nkwaboaa (a ɛyɛ biako: spermatozoon) .

Dɛn ne ade biako pɛ a yɛn mmarima wɔ wɔ mmadwoa ho?

Nokwarem no, adwuma biako pɛ a mmadwoa yɛ na ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ ɛbɛma ɔbea nkesua awo. Ɛne sɛ, sɛ wɔbɛboa ma wɔabɔ abofra.

Ebia nnipa binom besusuw sɛ ebia mmadwoa a wɔremma, kyerɛ sɛ mmadwoa a wɔremma no, de akwahosan ho haw biara bɛba anaa. Ɛnyɛ saa. Nkwaboaa a ɛnyɛ nea efi wo nipadua mu no, wo nipadua no ankasa san twetwe. Enti biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ ɛhaw yɛn ho.

Nkwaboaa dodow ahe na ɛwɔ mmadwoa mu?

Nkwaboaa yɛ ade a ɛyɛ nnam a mmadwoa wom. Ɔbarima a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden mmadwoa betumi akura mmadwoa a efi ɔpepem 15 kosi bɛboro ɔpepem 200 wɔ mililita biako (bɛyɛ teaspoon 0.2) mu. Wo de susuw sɛnea mmadwoa pii ahyɛ baabi ketewaa a ɛte saa no ho hwɛ!

Sɛ mmadwoa nnu ɔpepem 15 wɔ mmadwoa mililita biara mu a, yɛfrɛ saa tebea no oligospermia . Eyi betumi ayɛ nneɛma a ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ wobenyinsɛn mmofra no mu biako.

Sɛ ɛhyɛn ɔbea nipadua mu a, dɛn na ɛba mmadwoa so?

Wɔ ɔbea no awotwaa mu nna a wɔmmɔ ho ban mu no, mmadwoa fa ɔbea no awo nhyehyɛe mu. Saa akwantu yi de wɔn fa ɔbea awotwaa mu, awotwaa mu, awotwaa mu, na awiei koraa no, ɛkɔ awotwaa mu.

Nanso akwantu yi nyɛ mmerɛw saa. Ɔbea no nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no di saa mmadwoa yi ho dwuma sɛ ahɔho ntuafo. Enti, nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no bɔ mmɔden sɛ ɛbɛsɛe saa mmadwoa yi. Sɛ mmadwoa kakraa bi tra ase denam akwanside ahorow yi nyinaa a wodi so na wodu awotwaa no mu a, sɛ nkesua bi wɔ hɔ a, wɔbɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛhyɛn saa nkesua no mu. Sɛ mmadwoa biako di nkonim a, nyinsɛn ba.

Nkwaboaa betumi atra ase bere tenten ahe?

Eyi gu ahorow gyina adeyɛ no so.

• Wɔ ɔbea awo nhyehyɛe mu: Nkwaboaa tumi tra ase nnanu. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ nyinsɛn betumi aba nna pii wɔ nna akyi.
• Wɔ Nkwaboaa Mu: Nkwaboaa a wɔannye no tra awotwaa no mu bɛyɛ asram 2.5. Ɛno akyi no, wowuwu na nipadua no san twetwe wɔn.
• Nipadua no akyi: Eyi gyina ɔhyew a ɛwɔ baabi a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no so kɛse. Wɔ dan mu hyew a ɛfata (bɛyɛ digrii Celsius 20) mu no, mmadwoa tumi tra ase bɛyɛ dɔnhwerew biako. Nanso, sɛ ɔhyew no sesa mpofirim a, mmadwoa no bewu ntɛm.
• Nkwaboaa Sikakorabea: Sɛ wode wo mmadwoa sie a, wobetumi de asie dwoodwoo wɔ tebea horow a ɛyɛ hyew mu mfe du du pii.

Ɛhe na wɔyɛ mmadwoa? Ɔkwan bɛn na wɔfa so fi adi?

Wɔyɛ mmadwoa wɔ nhama nketenkete bi a ɛwɔ wo mmadwoa mu mu . Wɔfrɛ saa ntini yi sɛ seminiferous tubules. Sɛ woyi mmadwoa fi adi (wɔtow wɔn ho a), wɔfa saa kwan yi so:

1. Nea edi kan no, efi awotwaa mu ba.

2. Afei, ɛkɔ afiri bi a ɛwɔ awotwaa no akyi (epididymis) mu, baabi a mmadwoa no nyin bio.

3. Efi hɔ no ɛnam coiled tube (`vas deferens`) so.

4. Ɛfa prostate gland no mu. Ɛha na wɔboaboa nneɛma afoforo a ɛwɔ mmadwoa mu nsu no ano.

5. Awiei koraa no, nsu no fa nsukorabea a ɛwɔ ɔbarima no ano no mu fi nsu no mu.

Dɛn ne mmadwoa afã horow? Ɛyɛ nwonwa sɛnea nsɛm a ɛkɔ akyiri pii wɔ biribi ketewaa bi mu no!

Nkwaboaa yɛ nkwammoaa ketewaa bi a ɛyɛ den yiye. Ɛwɔ afã atitiriw abiɛsa:

1. Ti: Nkwaboaa no ti na ɛwɔ awosu mu nsɛm, anaa `DNA` . Nkwaboaa a ɛte apɔw ti yɛ te sɛ almond na ɛyɛ nsensanee kakra. Wɔde kyɛw a wɔfrɛ no `(acrosome) kata ti no so. Enzyme ahorow wɔ eyi mu. Saa ti a ɛte sɛ almond yi, ne enzyme ahorow a ɛwɔ acrosome no mu no boa mmadwoa bi ma ɛhyɛn nkesua nkwammoaa mu.

2. Midpiece/Neck: Saa fã yi na mitochondria no wɔ. Mitochondria ne yɛn nkwammoaa no tumi. Eyinom ma wonya ahoɔden a ehia ma mmadwoa no dua.

3. Dua/Flagellum: Ɔde ne nsa kyerɛɛ ne so.Dua yɛ mmadwoa fã a ɛware sen biara. Ɛyɛ saa kankyee a ɛkyinkyini te sɛ corkscrew yi na ɛma mmadwoa no kɔ n’anim. Ɛboa mmadwoa no nso ma ɛhyɛn nkesua bi mu.

So mmadwoa no nsɛso ho hia?

Yiw, akyinnye biara nni ho! Nkwaboaa nsɛso yɛ sɛnea mmadwoa bi te :

• Ti no nsusuwii ne ne kɛse.
• Sɛnea mfinimfini fã no te.
• Sɛnea wɔahyehyɛ dua no.

Nkwaboaa a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden na wɔayɛ no yiye ne nea etumi guare yiye na ɛyɛ tẽẽ. Saa tumi yi ho hia na ama wɔatumi adu nkesua bi ho na ama wanya mmadwoa.

Nhwɛso ahorow bi a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea mmadwoa yɛ nea ɛnteɛ ni:

• Nkwaboaa a ɛwɔ acephalic
• Nkwaboaa a ɛwɔ ti ketewaa bi (microcephaly) .
• Nkwaboaa a ne ti yɛ kɛse (macrocephaly) .
• Nkwaboaa a ɛwɔ ti foforo (e.g. mmadwoa ti abien) .
• Acaudate mmadwoa a wɔfrɛ no sperm
• Dua a wɔabɔ anaa wɔatwe
• Dua a wɔabɔ no kurukuruwa
• Nkwaboaa a ne dua yɛ tiaa (dysplasia of fibrous sheath sperm) .

Sɛ nsusuwii ahorow a ɛnteɛ te sɛ eyi wɔ hɔ a, ebia mmadwoa no rentumi nguare yiye anaasɛ entumi nkɔ nkesua no mu.

Tebea bɛn na ɛka mmadwoa?

Mmarima a wontumi nwo no betumi afi mmadwoa ho haw ahorow mu aba. Nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aka wo mmadwoa akwahosan anaa wɔn kankyee. Nanso, ebia wunnim sɛ ɛka wo mmadwoa kosi sɛ wo ne wo hokafo no behyia ɔhaw wɔ nyinsɛn mu.

Tebea horow bi a ebetumi aka mmadwoa akwahosan ne:

• Varicoceles: Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛma ntini a atwa awotwaa no ho ahyia no hohoro. Eyi ma mogya boaboa ano wɔ baabi biako na mmadwoa no hyew kɔ soro. Eyi betumi aka mmadwoa nkɔso.
• Testicular trauma: Sɛ awotwaa no pira a, ebetumi asɛe na atew tumi a ɛma mmadwoa no so.
• Nyarewa bi a wonya fi nna mu (STIs): STI ahorow bi te sɛ Chlamydia ne Gonorrhea betumi asɛe wo mmadwoa.
• Nnuru bi: Nnuru bi betumi aka mmadwoa su sɛ nea efi mu ba. Nhwɛso ahorow:
• Flutamide ne bicalutamide (eyinom yɛ nnuru a wɔde sa prostate kokoram) .
• Spironolactone (aduru a wɔde sa mogya mmoroso ne komayare) .

Afei nso, aduru a wɔde si testosterone ananmu no mma nipadua no ntumi nnya mmadwoa. Saa ayaresa ahorow yi wɔ ahorow ahorow, te sɛ nnuru a wɔde twitwiw nipadua no mu, nnuru a wɔde hyɛ nipadua no mu, nnuru a wɔde hyɛ nipadua no mu, nnuru a wɔde hyɛ honam ani, ne gel a wɔde gu honam ani.

• Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia:
• Nsã a wɔnom, sigaretnom (sigaret anaa vape), wii a wɔnomNneɛma a ɛte sɛɛ betumi aka mmadwoa dodow ne ne su.
• Sɛ obi de ne ho hyɛ ɔhyew a ano yɛ den mu kyɛ a, epira mmadwoa nso. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sauna anaa nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a wɔtaa yɛ no nso betumi ama awotwaa no mu hyew akɔ soro, te sɛ nea ebetumi aba sɛ obi tra akongua anaa mmubuafo akongua mu bere tenten no.
• Nkwammoaa a ɛko tia mmadwoa: Eyi ne bere a w’ankasa nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no di mfomso hu sɛ mmadwoa yɛ ahɔho a wɔtow hyɛ wɔn so na ɛde nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa kɔma sɛe no.

Nyarewa bɛn na ɛbata mmadwoa ho?

Nyarewa a efi mmadwoa mu ba betumi aka mmadwoa a woyɛ no yiye ne dodow. Ebi ne:

• Oligospermia: Eyi yɛ mmadwoa dodow a ɛso tew. Ɛne sɛ, mmadwoa a ennu ɔpepem 15 wɔ mmadwoa mililita biara mu.
• Azospermia: Wɔ tebea yi mu no, mmadwoa biara nni mmadwoa no mu. Eyi betumi aba sɛ biribi siw awo nhyehyɛe no mu ntini ahorow no mu a.
• Teratospermia: Eyi ne bere a mmadwoa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so dɔɔso wɔ mmadwoa no mu. Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no, mmadwoa no nsɛso a ɛnteɛ ma mmadwoa no tumi a ɛkeka ne ho yiye na ɛhyɛn nkesua mu no so tew.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔbɛhwɛ mmadwoa akwahosan?

Ɔkwan a eye sen biara a oduruyɛfo betumi afa so ahwehwɛ wo mmadwoa akwahosan mu ne sɛ ɔbɛyɛ mmadwoa mu nhwehwɛmu . Saa sɔhwɛ yi hwɛ:

• Nkwaboaa dodow
• Nkwaboaa nsusuwii / nsɛso
• Nkwaboaa dwumadi/motility

Wobetumi de mmadwoa a wɔde bɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi ama wɔ ayaresabea a wɔhwɛ awo so, aduruyɛdan, anaa fie. Nanso, sɛ wode nhwɛsode no ma wɔ fie a, ɛsɛ sɛ wode kɔ ayaresabea anaa aduruyɛdan mu ntɛm ara sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ yiye (mpɛn pii no wɔ dɔnhwerew biako mu).

Mɛyɛ dɛn atumi ama me mmadwoa atu mpɔn?

Nneɛma nketenkete kakraa bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aboa ma wo mmadwoa no ayɛ papa. Sɔ eyinom hwɛ:

• Sigaretnom a wubegyae: Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ eyi yɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ.
• To nsa a wobɛnom ano hye: Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛtew so sɛnea wubetumi biara.
• Di nnuaba ne nhabannuru pii: Nneɛma a ɛko tia ɔyare mmoawa a ɛwɔ eyinom mu no ye ma mmadwoa.
• Kura mu duru a ɛfata a ɛfata wo mu.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wobɛma akɔ soro: Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ wobɛteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu da biara da.
• Adwennwen a wobedi ho dwuma: Nneɛma te sɛ yoga ne nsusuwii betumi aboa.
• Akwan a wɔde bɔ wɔn ho ban (te sɛ kɔndɔm, mmea kɔndɔm) a wɔde bedi dwuma bere a wɔreda: Eyi betumi abɔ wo ho ban afi STI ho.

Kae sɛ saa suban ahorow yi gye bere kakra ansa na woanya, nanso bere tenten mu no, ɛho hia yiye ma w’akwahosan nyinaa ne wo mmadwoa akwahosan nso.

Nkwaboaa dodow ahe na ehia na ama wɔatumi ayɛ awo?

Fa no sɛ, egye mmadwoa biako pɛ ansa na anyinsɛn! Nanso, mmadwoa ɔpepem du du, ebia ɔhaha pii, fi adi bere biara a wɔtow no. Wɔma dodow kɛse yi gyae na ama hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ saa mmadwoa biako a ɔwɔ anigye no behu nkesua no na wama no mma no yɛ kɛse.

Awiei koraa no, kae...

Nkwaboaa atirimpɔw biako pɛ ne sɛ ɛbɛma nkesua bi awo sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobetumi de wo DNA, anaa awosu mu nsɛm akɔma awo ntoatoaso a edi hɔ no. Ebia wunsusuw wo mmadwoa ho pii kosi sɛ wobɛbɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛwo akokoaa.

Nanso, sɛ wo ne wo hokafo no rehyia ɔhaw wɔ nyinsɛn mu a, ɛda adi sɛ oduruyɛfo bi bɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ mmadwoa mu nhwehwɛmu na ama wɔahu sɛnea wo mmadwoa no kɛse te, sɛnea ɛte, ne sɛnea ɛyɛ adwuma.

Wo nso wubetumi aboa ma wo mmadwoa atra apɔwmuden. Ɛfa nneɛma a ɛnyɛ den te sɛ sigaretnom a wubegyae, nsa a wobɛma ano abrɛ ase, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, ne wo ho a wobɛbɔ ho ban afi ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna ho. Saa nneɛma yi bɛma woanya akwahosan nyinaa na woanya agyayɛ a ahoɔden wom. Enti, momma yɛnhwɛ eyi so, ɛnte saa?

` Nkwaboaa, mmarima awo, mmadwoa mu sɔhwɛ, mmadwoa su, mmadwoa nsusuwii, mmadwoa dodow a ɛba fam, awo a wontumi nwo