So worehu mmarima hormone dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ wo nipadua mu? Momma yɛnka virilization a ɛwɔ mmea mu ho asɛm!

So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wote nka sɛ wo nipadua resakra wɔ akwan horow so a ɛmfata ɔbea? Ebia wo nne reyɛ dede kakra, anaasɛ worenyin nhwi a wompɛ wɔ w’anim ne wo nipadua so. Saa nneɛma yi ma wote nka sɛ wo mu yɛ duru paa, ɛnte saa? Nokwarem no, wɔ aduruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ saa tebea yi ``(Virilization)``. Ɛwom sɛ ebia edin no bɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ hu kakra bere a wote de, nanso ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka nea eyi yɛ, nea enti a ɛba, sɛnea wobehu, ne sɛ ebia ayaresa wɔ hɔ ho asɛm pɛpɛɛpɛ na yɛayɛ no tiawa. Afei wubetumi anya eyi ho ntease a emu da hɔ.

Dɛn ne `(Virilization)`? Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a...

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, virilization (wɔbɔ no "vee-ra-li-se-tion") yɛ ɔbarima su a ɛba ɔbea anaa akokoaa a wɔawo no foforo a ɔde ne ho hyɛ ɔbarima hormone mu wɔ awo mu. Eyi betumi aba sɛ wo adrenal glands no ma mmarima hormone pii dodo, a wɔfrɛ no androgens, anaasɛ wode anabolic steroids di dwuma ma w’ahoɔden yɛ kɛse a.

So nsonsonoe wɔ ɔkwan a mmarima a wɔyɛ mmarimaa ka mmea ne mmarima no mu?

Yiw, ɔbea betumi anya saa tebea yi (virilization) wɔ mfe biara mu. Sɛ ɛka ɔbea a ne mfe akɔ anim a, nneɛma bi a ebetumi asi ni:

• Nufu nketewa.
• Awotwaa mu a ɛtwetwe.
• Clitoris no a ɛtrɛw.
• Ɔsram biara nna a wogyae daa anaasɛ wogyae koraa .

Wɔ mmarima fam no, tebea a wɔfrɛ no `(Virilization)` no nna adi saa. Sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ntumi nhu wɔ awo mu a, ɛtɔ mmere bi a saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi da adi wɔ `(Mmabunbere)` mu . Mpɛn pii no, mmarimaa a wɔyɛ mmarima hormone pii `(Androgen)` no fa mmerantebere ne mmabaabere mu ntɛm sen mmofra afoforo. Wɔ mmarima a wɔanyinyin mu no, saa `(Androgen)` hormone a ɛboro so yi betumi atew awotwaa no dwumadi so, atew tumi a wɔde bɛwo mma so, na `(Infertility)` mpo betumi aba.

Dɛn ne `(Virilization)` ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi nyɛ pɛ mma obiara na ebetumi ayɛ soronko wɔ onipa biara ho. Momma yɛnhwɛ sɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw a yebetumi ahu:

• Nwi a enyin a wɔmpɛ wɔ anim anaa nipadua so: Eyi ne sɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan a nnipa pii hu. Fa no sɛ, abeawa kumaa bi te sɛ Nimali fi ase nyin mpofirim ti nhwi a ɛyɛ den na ɛyɛ tuntum sen sɛnea ɔtaa yɛ wɔ n’anim, ne hwene, anofafa a ɛwɔ soro, ne koko, ne yafunu, ne n’akyi. Ebia nnipa binom benyin ti nhwi a ɛyɛ den a ɛte sɛ abɔgyesɛ.
• Akisikuru anaa honam ani srade a ɛkɔ soro: Akisikuru a ɛkɔ soro mpofirim, sɛ honam ani yɛ srade bere nyinaa a, nso betumi ayɛ eyi ho sɛnkyerɛnne.
• Brayɛ a ɛnkɔ so daa: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebia brayɛ nni hɔ asram pii, anaasɛ ebetumi agyae koraa.
• Male pattern baldness: Nwi a ɛtɔ wɔ moma so afã abien no nyinaa, te sɛ mmarima de, na ɛma obi ho yɛ fitaaNwi afi ase retɔ.
• Nufu kɛse a wɔtew so: Nufu no yɛ nketewa sen sɛnea na ɛte kan no.
• Awotwaa no a ɛtrɛw: Eyi nso yɛ nsakrae titiriw.
• Ɛnne no mu dɔ: Ɛnne no yɛ den mpofirim, na ɛsakra yɛ ɔbarima nne .
• Ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna ho akɔnnɔ a ɛkɔ soro: Ebia wubenya nna ho akɔnnɔ pii nso asen sɛnea wotaa yɛ no.

Adɛn nti na saa `(Virilization)` yi ba? Dɛn na ɛde ba?

Afei ebia worebisa wo ho sɛ, "Dɛn nti na asase so na eyi rekɔ so?" Ade titiriw nti a ɛte saa ne mmarima mu nkwaadɔm a wɔfrɛ no androgens a ɛdɔɔso dodo wɔ nipadua no mu. Akwahosan tebea horow pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aboa ma eyi aba:

• Congenital adrenal hyperplasia: Eyi yɛ awosu mu tebea. Ɛfiri sintɔ bi a ɛwɔ hormone a adrenal glands a ɛyɛ ntini nketewa mmienu a ɛwɔ yɛn asaabo atifi no yɛ mu. Eyi ma wɔyɛ androgen hormone ahorow a ɛboro so.
• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Eyi yɛ tebea a mprempren wɔrehu wɔ mmeawa ne mmea pii mu. Saa tebea yi a ɛba wɔ awotwaa mu no nso betumi ama mmarima mu nkwaadɔm ayɛ kɛse dodo.
• Cushing yare: Tebea a efi hormone cortisol a ɛdɔɔso dodo wɔ nipadua no mu bere tenten. Eyi nso betumi ama androgen dodow akɔ soro.
• Adrenal gland tumors (e.g., `Adrenal adenoma`): Akisikuru a ɛba `(Adrenal glands)` a madi kan aka ho asɛm no mu. Saa akisikuru yi te sɛ `(Adrenal adenoma) taa yɛ nea ɛnyɛ kokoram (ɛnyɛ bɔne), nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi ayɛ kokoram (ɛnyɛ bɔne). Saa akisikuru yi tumi yɛ `(Androgen).`
• Awotwaa mu akisikuru: Akisikuru ahorow bi a ɛba awotwaa mu no nso tumi ma androgen hormone a ɛboro so ba.

Wɔ aduruyɛ mu ntease ahorow yi akyi no, tebea yi (virilization) nso betumi afi nnuru a wɔde yɛ anabolic steroids a wɔde di dwuma de ma nipadua no yɛ adwuma kɛse na ɛma ntini ahorow no yɛ kɛse no mu aba . Wohu eyi titiriw wɔ nnipa a wɔbɔ agumadi te sɛ adesoa a wɔma so no mu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo hu eyi sɛ ``Virilization''?

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ade a edi kan a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Oduruyɛfo no bɛhwɛ wo yiye. Wobebisa wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne, sɛ ebia obi wɔ w’abusua mu anya saa tebea horow yi, ne nnuru a worenom.

Afei, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobesi so dua sɛ ebia eyi yɛ ``Virilization'' ampa, na sɛ ɛte saa a, nea ɛde ba no, wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow bi:

• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Eyi titiriw na ɛhwɛ sɛnea hormone ahorow a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu no te, titiriw sɛnea hormone androgen no dodow te.
• Mfoninitwa sɔhwɛ afoforo:
• Ultrasound scan: Eyi betumi ahwɛ sɛ akisikuru anaa nyini biara wɔ awotwaa ne adrenal glands mu anaa.
• `CT (Computed Tomography) scan` anaa `MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)` scan: Eyinom betumi ahwehwɛ akwaa a ɛwɔ amemene no mu no mu pefee, titiriw mmeae te sɛ adrenal ntini ne pituitary gland a ɛwɔ amemene no mu.

So aduru bi wɔ hɔ a wɔde sa ``Virilization''?

Yiw, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ayaresa wɔ hɔ. Nanso, ɔkwan a wɔfa so sa yare no gyina nea ɛde `(Virilization)` ba so. Wo duruyɛfoɔ bɛpaw ayaresa a ɛfata wo paa. Akwan titiriw a wɔfa so sa yare no bi ni:

• Glucocorticoids: Eyi nso yɛ steroid bi. Sɛ awosu mu tebea bi te sɛ awosu mu adrenal hyperplasia na ɛde mmarimayɛ ba a, nnuruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru yi ama mmarima hormone ahorow a adrenal ntini no yɛ no so.
• Adrenalectomy: Sɛ akisikuru bi a ɛwɔ adrenal gland no mu na ɛde tebea yi ba a, mpɛn pii no, oprehyɛn no hwehwɛ sɛ woyi adrenal gland no fi hɔ . Mpɛn pii no, saa akisikuru yi nyɛ kokoram. Nanso, wɔntaa ntumi nyɛ kokoram, enti ɛho hia sɛ wuhu nea ɛde tebea no ba ankasa.
• Oophorectomy: Sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi fi awotwaa mu akisikuru a, oprehyɛn ne ayaresa a wɔtaa de di dwuma. Ɛdenam mfe a woadi ne sɛ ebia woreyɛ nhyehyɛe sɛ wobɛwo mma daakye so no, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo ɔkwan bi a wɔfrɛ no unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (a woyi awotwaa biako ne ne fallopian tube) akyerɛ wo. Ebia eyi nso bɛkora tumi a wubetumi afa awotwaa foforo no so awo mma no so.

Nea ɛho hia: Ɛmfa ho ɔkwan a wɔfa so sa yare no, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wudi wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ na wosan kɔhwɛ wo bere ano.

So wobetumi adan saa ``virilization'' sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi?

Mpɛn pii no, sɛ wohu nea ɛde ba na wɔsa no yiye a, wobetumi asan ɔbarima a ɔyɛ ɔbarima no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no. Sɛ nhwɛso no, nhwi nyin so betumi atew, honam ani srade so atew, na brayɛ betumi asan ayɛ nea ɛfata. Wo duruyɛfo bɛyɛ ayaresa nhyehyɛe a ɛfata wo.

Nanso ade biako wɔ hɔ a mepɛ sɛ meka ho asɛm titiriw. Sɛ mmea a wɔde anabolic steroids di dwuma no nya ``virilization'' ho sɛnkyerɛnne a madi kan aka ho asɛm no a, ɛtɔ mmere bi a nsakrae a emu dɔ a ɛba nne mu no betumi ayɛ nea ɛtra hɔ daa. Ɛne sɛ, bere a wɔagyae aduru no akyi mpo no, ebia ɛnne no rente sɛ kan no. Nanso, nnipa binom atumi asan anya wɔn nne nne kodu baabi denam ayaresa ne ntetee a wonya wɔ nne ntetee beae titiriw bi (`Voice center`) so.

So wobetumi asiw Virilization ano?

Sɛ wowɔ awosu mu tebea bi te sɛ `(Congenital adrenal hyperplasia)` a, wontumi nsiw ano koraa. Efisɛ ɛyɛ biribi a ɛka yɛn ho. Nanso, sɛ wonya ayaresa ne afotu a ɛfata a, wubetumi adi tebea yi so yiye na woabɔ bra sɛnea ɛsɛ.

Ɔkwan foforo so no, sɛ wokwati sɛ wode nneɛma te sɛ `Anabolic steroids` bedi dwuma a, wubetumi akwati asiane a ɛne `(Virilization)` a ebetumi afa so aba no. Sɛ worenom `(Steroids)` esiane aduruyɛ biara nti a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛfa no dodow ne bere a wɔahyɛ sɛ wo duruyɛfo no nkutoo mu. Di wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ na ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a wompɛ no so atew.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Kae eyi: Obiara nni hɔ a onim wo nipadua yiye sen wo, ɛnte saa? Enti, sɛ wuhu biribi a ɛyɛ soronko wɔ wo nipadua ho, nsakrae foforo bi a na enni hɔ kan, anaa biribi a ɛrema wo ho ayɛ wo yaw a, ka kyerɛ oduruyɛfo a ɛnkyɛ.

Titiriw no, sɛ wunya ``virilization'' ho sɛnkyerɛnne biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a yɛkaa ho asɛm wɔ asɛm yi mu, te sɛ ti nhwi a enyin mpofirim, nne a ɛsakra, bra a ɛnkɔ so daa, anaa sɛnkyerɛnne foforo biara a ɛyɛ soronko a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wo ne oduruyɛfo kasa fa ho. Afei obetumi ahu nea ɛde ba na watu wo fo wɔ sɛ ebia wuhia ayaresa anaasɛ wunhia, na sɛ ɛte saa a, nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛwɔ `(Hirsutism)` ne `(Virilization)` ntam?

Ebia woate asɛmfua ``Hirsutism'' (hir-su-ti-sam). ``Hirsutism'' kyerɛ sɛ nhwi nyin dodo wɔ ɔbea nipadua so, titiriw wɔ mmeae a mmarima taa nya nhwi (te sɛ anim, koko, yafunu, akyi, ne asen mu).

Ɛnde nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛwɔ mu?

Nnipa a wɔwɔ `(Hirsutism)` taa nya sɛnkyerɛnne kakraa bi sen wɔn a wɔwɔ `(Virilization)`, na ɛnyɛ den saa. Wɔ `(Hirsutism)` mu no, ade titiriw a wohu ne nhwi nyin.

Nanso, wɔ ``Virilization'' mu no, wɔ nhwi nyin akyi no, wobetumi ahu su afoforo a ɛda adi pefee sɛ mmarima te te sɛ ɛnne no mu dɔ, awotwaa a ɛtrɛw, nufu a ɛso tew, ne ntini a enyin.

Te sɛ Virilization no, Hirsutism betumi afi androgen hormone ahorow a efi wo adrenal glands anaa ovaries mu ba dodo no mu aba. Nanso, Hirsutism nso betumi ayɛ tebea afoforo te sɛ Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) ne Cushing syndrome ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Virilization yɛ tebea a emu yɛ den na ɛwɔ mmarima su ahorow pii sen Hirsutism.

Dɛn ne `(Undervirilized male)`?

Eyi te sɛ `(Virilization)` fã foforo no. Yɛfrɛ no `(Undervirilized male)`, .Wɔ awosu mu no, ɔbarima nipadua no nyɛ mmarima mu nkwaadɔm (androgens) dodow a ennu sɛnea ɛte daa anaasɛ nipadua no ntumi nyɛ saa hormone ahorow yi ho biribi yiye, na ɛde ɔbea su ahorow bi ba. Sɛ nhwɛso no, mmabunbere a ɛkyɛ, ntini nyin a ɛso tew, nipadua mu nhwi a ɛso tew, ne nufu nyin betumi aba.

Awiei koraa no, biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛma ɛtra yɛn adwenem (Take-Home Message) .

Enti, mesusu sɛ wowɔ nteaseɛ pa wɔ `(Virilization)` ho seesei. Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ, sɛ wote nka sɛ wo nipadua no ho nyɛ wo dɛ, sɛ wote nka sɛ ɛne wo mmeayɛ nhyia a, ebetumi nso anya w’adwene mu akwahosan so nkɛntɛnso kɛse. Mesrɛ wo, mma ɛnhaw wo na nsusuw sɛ, "Dɛn nti na eyi reto me?", "So me nkutoo na mete saa?"

Afei nso, ebia akwahosan tebea bi a ɛda adi wɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi akyi a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsa. Sɛ wɔanhu no yiye na wɔansa a, ebetumi de ɔhaw foforo aba.

Enti, sɛ wowɔ adwenem naayɛ ketewaa bi mpo sɛ wowɔ `(Virilization)` ho sɛnkyerɛnne a, yɛsrɛ wo mma nsuro anaasɛ w'ani nnwu sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn, ka ho asɛm, sɛ ɛho hia a, nya yare no ho nhwehwɛmu, na nya ayaresa a ɛfata. Ɛno ne ade a eye sen biara a wubetumi ayɛ ama wo ho. Ɛnyɛ wo nko ara, nnuruyɛfo bi wɔ hɔ a wobetumi aboa wɔ saa nneɛma yi mu.

` Virilization, ɔbarima ne ɔbea su, hormone a ɛnkari pɛ, androgens, nhwi nyin, acne, PCOS, adrenal glands, steroids